{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:12:34Z","timestamp":1778695954736,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CL\/PRI\/B\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CL\/PRI\/B\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T07:41:21Z","timestamp":1765266081000},"page":"117221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insights on vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 outbreaks and novel oral polio vaccine candidates"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7608-850X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled M.","family":"Aboshanab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3873-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Y.","family":"Alshahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9712-2033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham Ali El","family":"Enshasy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menna R","family":"Shabana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0183-8107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu Bakar Abdul","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.3390\/v12060612","article-title":"Dissemination of Internal Ribosomal Entry Sites (IRES) Between Viruses by Horizontal Gene Transfer","volume":"12","author":"Arhab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10081865","article-title":"Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES)-Mediated Translation and Its Potential for Novel mRNA-Based Therapy Development","volume":"10","author":"Marques","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/334320a0","article-title":"Internal initiation of translation of eukaryotic mRNA directed by a sequence derived from poliovirus RNA","volume":"334","author":"Pelletier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90690-9","article-title":"Cellular receptor for poliovirus: Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily","volume":"56","author":"Mendelsohn","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.0943","article-title":"The Poliovirus Receptor CD155 Mediates Cell-to-Matrix Contacts by Specifically Binding to Vitronectin","volume":"285","author":"Lange","year":"2001","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-020-0176-7","article-title":"Development of a new oral poliovirus vaccine for the eradication end game using codon deoptimization","volume":"5","author":"Konopka-Anstadt","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874414533352","article-title":"Poliomyelitis","volume":"4","author":"Mehndiratta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurohospitalist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0008","series-title":"Health topics; Poliomyelitis","article-title":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.036988-0","article-title":"The polio-eradication programme and issues of the end game","volume":"93","author":"Minor","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0010","first-page":"131","article-title":"Acute flaccid paralysis and its differential diagnosis in in kurdistan province, Western iran; an 11-year surveillance","volume":"24","author":"Soltani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32723-9","article-title":"Acute flaccid myelitis: cause, diagnosis, and management","volume":"397","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1953.13.1081","article-title":"STUDIES IN HUMAN SUBJECTS ON ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION AGAINST POLIOMYELITIS","volume":"151","author":"Salk","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0013","first-page":"51","article-title":"Oral Poliovirus Vaccine","volume":"82","author":"Sabin","year":"1962","journal-title":"R Soc Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2006.0071","article-title":"Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously","volume":"20","author":"Nates","year":"2007","journal-title":"Viral Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2702.203173","article-title":"Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses, Central African Republic, 2019","volume":"27","author":"Joffret","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.15537\/1658-3175.4409","article-title":"Vaccine - associated paralytic poliomyelitis in a pre-vaccinated infant","volume":"29","author":"Kakish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2023.102386","article-title":"Lessons learned from the successful polio vaccine experience not learned or applied with the development and implementation of the COVID-19 vaccines","volume":"84","author":"Pavia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.04.007","article-title":"Immunity to enteric viruses","volume":"55","author":"Lockhart","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09389-8","article-title":"Immunogenicity evaluation of primary polio vaccination schedule with inactivated poliovirus vaccines and bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit671","article-title":"Intestinal Immunity Is a Determinant of Clearance of Poliovirus After Oral Vaccination","volume":"209","author":"Wright","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix556","article-title":"Intestinal Immune Responses to Type 2 Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) Challenge in Infants Previously Immunized With Bivalent OPV and Either High-Dose or Standard Inactivated Polio Vaccine","volume":"217","author":"Brickley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S294","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu384","article-title":"Environmental Surveillance for Polioviruses in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative","volume":"210 suppl 1","author":"Asghar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13040323","article-title":"The Last Mile in Polio Eradication: Program Challenges and Perseverance","volume":"13","author":"Lopez Cavestany","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix117","article-title":"Addressing the Challenges and Opportunities of the Polio Endgame: Lessons for the Future","volume":"216 suppl_1","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06212-3","article-title":"Genetic stabilization of attenuated oral vaccines against poliovirus types 1 and 3","volume":"619","author":"Te","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5740","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.13.5740-5751.2001","article-title":"Genomic Features of Intertypic Recombinant Sabin Poliovirus Strains Excreted by Primary Vaccinees","volume":"75","author":"Cuervo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix110","article-title":"Immune Serum From Sabin Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Immunization Neutralizes Multiple Individual Wild and Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses","volume":"64","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09731-0","article-title":"Monitoring the VDPV2 outbreak in Egypt during 2020-2021 highlights the crucial role of environmental surveillance and boosting immunization in combating Poliovirus","volume":"24","author":"Shabana","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881000316X","article-title":"Role of environmental poliovirus surveillance in global polio eradication and beyond","volume":"140","author":"HOVI","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.02.035","article-title":"Neutralization capacity of highly divergent type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses from immunodeficient patients","volume":"38","author":"McDonald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0034","first-page":"16","article-title":"Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses: current state of knowledge","volume":"82","author":"Kew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6928a4","article-title":"Update on Immunodeficiency-Associated Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses \u2014 Worldwide, July 2018\u2013December 2019","volume":"69","author":"Macklin","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.11.027","article-title":"Immunoglobulin treatment in primary antibody deficiency","volume":"37","author":"LJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00685","article-title":"Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies Are a Reservoir of Poliovirus and a Risk to Polio Eradication","volume":"8","author":"Aghamohammadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e295","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881900181X","article-title":"Updated modelling of the prevalence of immunodeficiency-associated long-term vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) excreters","volume":"147","author":"Kalkowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005114","article-title":"Twenty-Eight Years of Poliovirus Replication in an Immunodeficient Individual: Impact on the Global Polio Eradication Initiative","volume":"11","author":"Dunn","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0040","first-page":"269","article-title":"Poliomyelitis Eradication\u2013a Dangerous Endgame","volume":"296","author":"Nathanson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sci (1979)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112848","article-title":"The epidemiology of poliomyelitis: enigmas surrounding its appearance, epidemicity, and disappearance","volume":"110","author":"Nathanson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12032","article-title":"World Health Organization Regional Assessments of the Risks of Poliovirus Outbreaks","volume":"33","author":"Lowther","year":"2013","journal-title":"Risk Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0043","first-page":"278","article-title":"Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication\u2013Nigeria, 2005-2006","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00582-5","article-title":"A novel tool to eradicate an ancient scourge: the novel oral polio vaccine type 2 story","volume":"23","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.10.005","article-title":"The global polio eradication initiative: Lessons learned and prospects for success","volume":"29","author":"Aylward","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1611028","article-title":"Advances and challenges in poliomyelitis vaccines: a comprehensive review of development, production, and global deployment","volume":"13","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199906)58:2<188::AID-JMV15>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"L20B cells simplify culture of polioviruses from clinical samples","volume":"58","author":"Wood","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thorley BR, Roberts JA. Isolation and Characterization of Poliovirus in Cell Culture Systems. 2016. p. 29\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-3292-4_4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3292-4_4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05225-11","article-title":"Development of a Poliovirus Neutralization Test with Poliovirus Pseudovirus for Measurement of Neutralizing Antibody Titer in Human Serum","volume":"18","author":"Arita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00920-20","article-title":"Rapid and Sensitive Direct Detection and Identification of Poliovirus from Stool and Environmental Surveillance Samples by Use of Nanopore Sequencing","volume":"58","author":"Shaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8973","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.16.8973-8984.2003","article-title":"Complete genomic sequencing shows that polioviruses and members of human enterovirus species C are closely related in the noncapsid coding region","volume":"77","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2020.104006","article-title":"An environmental and health perspective for COVID-19 outbreak: Meteorology and air quality influence, sewage epidemiology indicator, hospitals disinfection, drug therapies and recommendations","volume":"8","author":"Barcelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Env Chem Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262761","article-title":"Persistence of poliovirus types 2 and 3 in waste-impacted water and sediment","volume":"17","author":"Kline","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5978","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29245978","article-title":"RNA Stability: A Review of the Role of Structural Features and Environmental Conditions","volume":"29","author":"Kornienko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8653","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00370-06","article-title":"Rational Design of Genetically Stable, Live-Attenuated Poliovirus Vaccines of All Three Serotypes: Relevance to Poliomyelitis Eradication","volume":"80","author":"Macadam","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mc15h01s29","article-title":"Poliovirus: Generation, Quantification, Propagation, Purification, and Storage","volume":"29","author":"Burrill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mc15h02s29","article-title":"Poliovirus: Generation and Characterization of Mutants","volume":"29","author":"Burrill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11670","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01560-13","article-title":"Global RNA Structure Analysis of Poliovirus Identifies a Conserved RNA Structure Involved in Viral Replication and Infectivity","volume":"87","author":"Burrill","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.02.050","article-title":"Enabling accelerated vaccine roll-out for Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEICs): Novel Oral Polio Vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) experience","volume":"41","author":"Macklin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.04.003","article-title":"Engineering the Live-Attenuated Polio Vaccine to Prevent Reversion to Virulence","volume":"27","author":"Te","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0061","series-title":"Molecular cloning: a Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15H.4.1","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmc.47","article-title":"Poliovirus Replicon RNA Generation, Transfection, Packaging, and Quantitation of Replication","volume":"48","author":"Viktorova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02397-2","article-title":"Evaluation of the safety, immunogenicity, and faecal shedding of novel oral polio vaccine type 2 in healthy newborn infants in Bangladesh: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"401","author":"Zaman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31279-6","article-title":"The safety and immunogenicity of two novel live attenuated monovalent (serotype 2) oral poliovirus vaccines in healthy adults: a double-blind, single-centre phase 1 study","volume":"394","author":"Van Damme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32540-X","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of two novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine candidates compared with a monovalent type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine in children and infants: two clinical trials","volume":"397","author":"S\u00e1ez-Llorens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13030224","article-title":"Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine: Recent Developments and the Tortuous Path to Global Acceptance","volume":"13","author":"Sutter","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-021-00428-0","article-title":"Mucosal immunity to poliovirus","volume":"15","author":"Connor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.3390\/v13071355","article-title":"Environmental Surveillance for Risk Assessment in the Context of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Type 2 Novel Oral Polio Vaccine in Panama","volume":"13","author":"Rojas-Bonilla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad222","article-title":"Impact of Supplementary Immunization Activities using Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 during a Large outbreak of Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria","volume":"229","author":"Voorman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04300-22","article-title":"Protease-Independent Production of Poliovirus Virus-like Particles in Pichia pastoris: Implications for Efficient Vaccine Development and Insights into Capsid Assembly","volume":"11","author":"Sherry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15060379","article-title":"The Use of CRISPR-Cas Systems for Viral Detection: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review","volume":"15","author":"Jeddoub","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.113055","article-title":"Paper-based CRISPR-Cas diagnostics: A comprehensive review of advances and applications in disease detection","volume":"211","author":"Lapee-e","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microchem J"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889325005437?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889325005437?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T17:22:18Z","timestamp":1778692938000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889325005437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889325005437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Insights on vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 outbreaks and novel oral polio vaccine candidates","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117221","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117221"}}