{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:53:03Z","timestamp":1791244383056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T15:31:11Z","timestamp":1780155071000},"page":"117495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin does not improve diagnostic accuracy in adult urinary tract infections: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1090-0166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Dikmen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derya","family":"Seyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatice Nevg\u00fcn","family":"\u00d6zen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eda","family":"Karado\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"Dikmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287219832172","article-title":"An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections","volume":"11","author":"Medina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Adv Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-03646-9","article-title":"Serum neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin as a novel biomarker for diagnosing acute pyelonephritis in adults","volume":"15","author":"ElNahal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0003","article-title":"Biomarkers in urinary tract infections \u2013 which ones are suitable for diagnostics and follow-up?","volume":"8","author":"Horv\u00e1th","year":"2020","journal-title":"GMS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1279-6","article-title":"Early prediction of urinary tract infection with urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin","volume":"24","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol Berl Ger"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310470","article-title":"The review of current knowledge on neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)","volume":"24","author":"Romejko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55523-x","article-title":"Identification of clinical and urine biomarkers for uncomplicated urinary tract infection using machine learning algorithms","volume":"9","author":"Gadalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0007","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline by infectious diseases society of america (IDSA): 2025 guideline on management and treatment of complicated urinary tract infections: introduction and methods","author":"Trautner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000366","article-title":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin biomarker and urinary tract infections: a diagnostic case-control study","volume":"23","author":"Price","year":"2017","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2017_107","article-title":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a biomarker for early diagnosis of urinary tract infections in infants","volume":"1047","author":"Krzemie\u0144","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0010","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients with symptoms of urinary tract infections: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0011","article-title":"Discriminatory precision of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in detection of urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Abbasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1090","article-title":"Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections","volume":"140","author":"Lubell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0013","first-page":"235","article-title":"Are plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin levels diagnostic in uncomplicated urinary tract infections?","volume":"72","author":"Gulunay","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ank Univ Fac Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-0377","article-title":"Differentiation of acute pyelonephritis from other febrile states in children using urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL)","volume":"54","author":"Aramba\u0161i\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2845-0","article-title":"Predictive value of urinary and serum biomarkers in young children with febrile urinary tract infections","volume":"29","author":"Yim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol Berl Ger"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3390\/children11091081","article-title":"Plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as predictors of renal parenchymal involvement in children with febrile urinary tract infection: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Baranton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.19082\/1911","article-title":"Predictive accuracy of urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) for renal parenchymal involvement in children with acute pyelonephritis","volume":"8","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electron Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yapd.2025.03.004","article-title":"Renal physiology: from fetus to newborn and beyond","volume":"72","author":"Holland","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.01.001","article-title":"Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of adult pyelonephritis","volume":"29","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0831-x","article-title":"Upper and lower urinary tract infections can be detected early but not be discriminated by urinary NGAL in adults","volume":"46","author":"Urbschat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs331","article-title":"The search for perfect biomarkers in acute kidney damage: the case of NGAL, from AKI to acute pyelonephritis: back to the clinic?","volume":"27","author":"Piccoli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03776-6","article-title":"Evaluation of the serum level of lipocalin 2 in vitiligo","volume":"317","author":"Nassar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287220974133","article-title":"Increased urinary markers of kidney damage in the institutionalized frail elderly due to recurrent urinary tract infections","volume":"12","author":"Lorenzo-G\u00f3mez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Adv Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0024","article-title":"Persistent elevation in urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels can be a predictor of urinary tract infection recurrence or persistence in women","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-020-00552-x","article-title":"The association between urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and UTI in people with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction","volume":"59","author":"Forster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107257","article-title":"Plasma procalcitonin and urine interleukin-8, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and calprotectin in the diagnostic process of a urinary tract infection at the emergency department","volume":"149","author":"Middelkoop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-3933.ijam20171001","article-title":"Role of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in urinary tract infection diagnosis in adults","volume":"4","author":"Bharath","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Adv Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061776","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptors, and C-reactive protein in diagnosing urinary tract infections in the emergency department: a diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"13","author":"Hertz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2020.03.005","article-title":"Midstream urine sampling is necessary for accurate measurement of the urinary level of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in healthy female subjects","volume":"79","author":"Morita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"}],"container-title":["Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889326002452?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0732889326002452?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:04:07Z","timestamp":1791241447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0732889326002452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0732889326002452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-8893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-8893","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin does not improve diagnostic accuracy in adult urinary tract infections: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117495","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117495"}}