{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:23:34Z","timestamp":1781925814323,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korea government (MEST)","award":["2012R1A5A2051384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012R1A5A2051384"]}]},{"name":"ministry of health & welfare, republic of korea","award":["HI14C0175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI14C0175"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Differentiation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T16:43:58Z","timestamp":1441730638000},"page":"16-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Expression of thymosin beta-4 in human periodontal ligament cells and mouse periodontal tissue and its role in osteoblastic\/cementoblastic differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Sang-Im","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deok-Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Mun","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Jae","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheol-Hyeon","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eui-Sic","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3927-6656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun-Cheol","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-005-0040-x","article-title":"Possible functional involvement of thymosin beta 4 in developing tooth germ of mouse lower first molar","volume":"124","author":"Akhter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.2741\/s138","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of bone formation (Schol Ed.)","volume":"3","author":"Baek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2000.2240113.x","article-title":"Tissue engineering: a new paradigm for periodontal regeneration based on molecular and cell biology","volume":"24","author":"Bartold","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1997.1062","article-title":"Control of actin dynamics in cell motility","volume":"20","author":"Carlier","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.082735hc","article-title":"Over-expression of thymosin beta 4 promotes abnormal tooth development and stimulation of hair growth","volume":"54","author":"Cha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2012.02740.x","article-title":"Expression of thymosin \u03b24 in odontoblasts during mouse tooth development","volume":"29","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12136","article-title":"Deferoxamine promotes osteoblastic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway","volume":"49","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63661","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063661","article-title":"Actin microfilament mediates osteoblast Cbfa1 responsiveness to BMP2 under simulated microgravity","volume":"8","author":"Dai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1080\/08977190601060990","article-title":"Role of growth factors on periodontal repair","volume":"24","author":"Dereka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01147-6","article-title":"A quantitative analysis of G-actin binding proteins and the G-actin pool in developing chick brain","volume":"27","author":"Devineni","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.10141","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 triggers osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells via the NF-\u03baB signalling pathway","volume":"37","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.01046.x","article-title":"Cementum-periodontal ligament complex regeneration using the cell sheet technique","volume":"43","author":"Flores","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25251","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.110502","article-title":"Essential role of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-mediated Wnt signaling in osteoblast differentiation induced by strontium ranelate","volume":"285","author":"Fromigu\u00e9","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20956","article-title":"Thymosin beta-4 directs cell fate determination of human mesenchymal stem cells through biophysical effects","volume":"28","author":"Ho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1102703","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation by calcium, calcineurin, and NFAT","volume":"17","author":"Hogan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01597.x","article-title":"Validation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells as a reliable source for cytotherapeutic use","volume":"37","author":"Iwata","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21760","article-title":"Baicalein stimulates osteoblast differentiation via coordinating activation of MAP kinases and transcription factors","volume":"104","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.08.142","article-title":"Effect of F-spondin on cementoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"349","author":"Kitagawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2013.11.006","article-title":"Induction of dental epithelial cell differentiation marker gene expression in non-odontogenic human keratinocytes by transfection with thymosin beta 4","volume":"12","author":"Kiyoshima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1270","article-title":"NFAT and Osterix cooperatively regulate bone formation","volume":"11","author":"Koga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20958","article-title":"Regulation of osteoblast differentiation by transcription factors","volume":"99","author":"Komori","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2008.12.007","article-title":"Effects of substance P on osteoblastic differentiation and heme oxygenase-1 in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"33","author":"Kook","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61960","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061960","article-title":"The role of thymosin beta 4 on odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.32.1328","article-title":"Nitric oxide modulates osteoblastic differentiation with heme oxygenase-1 via the mitogen activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bio. Pharm Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01394.x","article-title":"The role of sirtuin 1 in osteoblastic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90124-H","article-title":"Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.1999.tb00144.x","article-title":"Development and regeneration of the periodontium: Parallels and contrasts","volume":"19","author":"MacNeil","year":"1999","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.6.9194528","article-title":"Thymosin beta 4 stimulates directional migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"11","author":"Malinda","year":"1997","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.05.025","article-title":"Promoting effects of thymosin \u03b24 on granulation tissue and new bone formation after tooth extraction in rats","volume":"114","author":"Matsuo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-010-9350-z","article-title":"Actin-sequestering protein, thymosin beta-4, is a novel hypoxia responsive regulator","volume":"27","author":"Moon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2003.11.005","article-title":"Thymosin beta 4 promotes angiogenesis, wound healing, and hair follicle development","volume":"125","author":"Philp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-0244fje","article-title":"Thymosin beta 4 increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells","volume":"18","author":"Philp","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e318199f326","article-title":"Thymosin beta4 induces endothelial progenitor cell migration via PI3K\/Akt\/eNOS signal transduction pathway","volume":"53","author":"Qiu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-167940","article-title":"Thymosin beta4 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation, IL-8 expression, and the sensitizing effects by its partners PINCH-1 and ILK","volume":"25","author":"Qiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4029","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)64278-8","article-title":"Thymosin beta 4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable","volume":"266","author":"Safer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22400","article-title":"Thymosin \u03b2 4 mediates oligodendrocyte differentiation by upregulating p38 MAPK","volume":"60","author":"Santra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.04.009","article-title":"Thymosin \u03b24 promotes the migration of endothelial cells without intracellular Ca2+ elevation","volume":"15","author":"Selmi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10290","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms of periodontal regeneration","volume":"60","author":"Shimono","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-20-71","article-title":"Inhibition of actin polymerization decreases osteogeneic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through p38 MAPK pathway","volume":"20","author":"Sonowal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.12.004","article-title":"Thymosin beta 4 suppression of corneal NFkappaB: a potential anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"84","author":"Sosne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.107797","article-title":"Modulation of cellular mechanics during osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Titushkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2011.0293","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced signaling and osteogenesis is regulated by cell shape, RhoA\/ROCK, and cytoskeletal tension","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2006.04.006","article-title":"Calcineurin\/NFAT signaling in osteoblasts regulates bone mass","volume":"10","author":"Winslow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1159\/000363005","article-title":"Depletion of thymosin \u03b24 promotes the proliferation, migration, and activation of human hepatic stellate cells","volume":"34","author":"Xiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem."}],"container-title":["Differentiation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301468115000560?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301468115000560?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:37:20Z","timestamp":1718066240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301468115000560"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0301468115000560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4681","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Expression of thymosin beta-4 in human periodontal ligament cells and mouse periodontal tissue and its role in osteoblastic\/cementoblastic differentiation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Differentiation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diff.2015.08.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 International Society of Differentiation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}