{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T22:55:47Z","timestamp":1767826547227,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dldjournalonline.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]],"date-time":"2016-01-15T13:42:21Z","timestamp":1452865341000},"page":"506-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Levofloxacin, bismuth, amoxicillin and esomeprazole as second-line Helicobacter pylori therapy after failure of non-bismuth quadruple therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liya","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.192757","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori treatment in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance","volume":"59","author":"Graham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-302084","article-title":"Management of Helicobacter pylori infection \u2013 the Maastricht IV\/Florence Consensus Report","volume":"61","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5385","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.5385","article-title":"\u201cRescue\u201d regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure","volume":"14","author":"Gisbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13128","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori second-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin- and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, after failure of standard triple or non-bismuth quadruple treatments","volume":"41","author":"Gisbert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318254ebdd","article-title":"Second-line therapy with levofloxacin after failure of treatment to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection: time trends in a Spanish multicenter study of 1000 patients","volume":"47","author":"Gisbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0195","first-page":"131","article-title":"Second-line and rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in clinical practice","volume":"19","author":"Zullo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2012.00960.x","article-title":"The efficacy of second-line anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy using an extended 14-day levofloxacin\/amoxicillin\/proton-pump inhibitor treatment \u2013 a pilot study","volume":"17","author":"Chuah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.09.013","article-title":"Second-line levofloxacin-based triple schemes for Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"41","author":"Di","year":"2009","journal-title":"Digestive and Liver Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0210","first-page":"139","article-title":"Efficacy of a second-line levofloxacin containing triple therapy after the failure of the non-bismuth sequential or concomitant treatments: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Marin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.131","article-title":"Infection: bismuth improves PPI-based triple therapy for H. pylori eradication","volume":"7","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0220","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori: lessons from China","volume":"25","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12052","article-title":"Effect of fluoroquinolone resistance on 14-day levofloxacin triple and triple plus bismuth quadruple therapy","volume":"18","author":"Liao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-007-0807-2","article-title":"High eradication rate of H. pylori with moxifloxacin-based treatment: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"119","author":"Bago","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03452.x","article-title":"Clinical trial: levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy was inferior to traditional quadruple therapy in the treatment of resistant Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"26","author":"Yee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2008.01951.x","article-title":"Quadruple rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection after two treatment failures","volume":"38","author":"Hsu","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4357","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i34.4357","article-title":"Standard triple, bismuth pectin quadruple and sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"16","author":"Gao","year":"2010","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.08.038","article-title":"Prospective multi-region study on primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Chinese patients","volume":"46","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Digestive and Liver Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0255","unstructured":"Clinical breakpoints-bacteria (v 3.1). http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/fileadmin\/src\/media\/PDFs\/EUCAST files\/Breakpoint tables\/Breakpoint table v 3.1.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198836020-00002","article-title":"Colloidal bismuth subcitrate. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and its therapeutic use in peptic ulcer disease","volume":"36","author":"Wagstaff","year":"1988","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02737.x","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: levofloxacin-based rescue regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure","volume":"23","author":"Gisbert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00637.x","article-title":"Levofloxacin-based triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy for persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Saad","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-010-1404-3","article-title":"Advantages of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin-based triple therapy for second-line treatments of persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta analysis","volume":"122","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1157\/13127103","article-title":"[Acid-related diseases: are higher doses of proton pump inhibitors more effective in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection?]","volume":"31","author":"Villoria","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterologia y Hepatologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1517\/17425250903386251","article-title":"CYP2C19 genotypes in the pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics of proton pump inhibitor-based therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.11.4","article-title":"Update on the pharmacogenomics of proton pump inhibitors","volume":"12","author":"Hagymasi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2010.08.007","article-title":"Pharmacologic aspects of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"39","author":"Furuta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0300","article-title":"Tailored versus triple plus bismuth or concomitant therapy as initial Helicobacter pylori treatment: a randomized trial","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-302254","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe and its relationship to antibiotic consumption","volume":"62","author":"Megraud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.215350","article-title":"Empirical levofloxacin-containing versus clarithromycin-containing sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomised trial","volume":"59","author":"Romano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.03.043","article-title":"Efficacy of 5-day levofloxacin-containing concomitant therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"143","author":"Federico","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7361","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.7361","article-title":"Adverse events with bismuth salts for Helicobacter pylori eradication: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Ford","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0124199","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124199","article-title":"The primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Taiwan after the national policy to restrict antibiotic consumption and its relation to virulence factors \u2013 a nationwide study","volume":"10","author":"Liou","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12031","article-title":"Prevalence of primary and secondary antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Korea from 2003 through 2012","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Helicobacter"}],"container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865815303650?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865815303650?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,16]],"date-time":"2018-09-16T01:20:09Z","timestamp":1537060809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1590865815303650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1590865815303650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-8658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-8658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Levofloxacin, bismuth, amoxicillin and esomeprazole as second-line Helicobacter pylori therapy after failure of non-bismuth quadruple therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Digestive and Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2016.01.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}