{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:17:11Z","timestamp":1778861831538,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dldjournalonline.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]],"date-time":"2018-04-03T14:58:04Z","timestamp":1522767484000},"page":"761-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Pecere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grainne","family":"Holleran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Ainora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Garcovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Scaldaferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasbarrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Assunta","family":"Zocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.082909","article-title":"The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications","volume":"55","author":"Satsangi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13475","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis: mucosal healing is associated with improved long-term outcomes in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/951526","article-title":"Application of the Montreal classification for Crohn\u2019s disease to a single clinician database of 1015 patients","volume":"21","author":"Freeman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2009.09.009","article-title":"European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO): the second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn\u2019s disease: special situations","volume":"4","author":"Van Assche","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjw168","article-title":"ECCO 3rd European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn\u2019s disease 2016: part 1: diagnosis and medical management","volume":"11","author":"Gomoll\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"July (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04710.x","article-title":"Systematic review: the use of ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis, assessment of activity and abdominal complications of Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Pan\u00e9s","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.14506","article-title":"Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters in Crohn disease: their role in disease activity determination with ultrasound","volume":"206","author":"Medellin-Kowalewski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"October (Suppl. 8)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0040","first-page":"11","article-title":"Technology overview: SonoVue (Bracco, Milan)","volume":"14","author":"Greis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-016-0230-5","article-title":"SICUS and CEUS imaging in Crohn\u2019s disease: an update","volume":"20","author":"Mocci","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"issue":"June (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0050","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Recommendations and guidelines for gastrointenstinale ultrasound","volume":"38","author":"Nylund","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"issue":"February (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0055","first-page":"33","article-title":"The EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical practice of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS): update 2011 on non-hepatic applications","volume":"33","author":"Piscaglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"issue":"July (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.03.062","article-title":"Contrast enhanced ultrasonographic evaluation of inflammatory activity in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"137","author":"Migaleddu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"November\u2013December (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-003-0157-0","article-title":"Activity of Crohn disease: value of color\u2013power-Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography","volume":"29","author":"Robotti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"April (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2006.11.027","article-title":"Ultrasound assessment of vascularization of the thickened terminal ileum wall in Crohn\u2019s diseasepatients using a low-mechanical index real-time scanning technique with a second generationultrasound contrast agent","volume":"62","author":"Serra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110440","article-title":"Ileal Crohn disease: mural microvascularity quantified with contrast-enhanced US correlates with disease activity","volume":"262","author":"De Franco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.09.013","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of patients suspected of having active Crohn\u2019s disease: meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"March (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv196","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for detection of Crohn\u2019s disease activity: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Serafin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"October (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2531082269","article-title":"Crohn disease: correlation of findings at contrast-enhanced US with severity at endoscopy","volume":"253","author":"Ripoll\u00e9s","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"March (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.03.002","article-title":"Effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for characterisation of intestinal inflammation in Crohn\u2019s disease: a comparison with surgical histopathology analysis","volume":"7","author":"Ripoll\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.05.012","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the bowel wall can predictdisease activity in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"83","author":"Romanini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"April (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0b013e3182802b87","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnosis of small bowel Crohn\u2019s disease: direct comparison of bowel sonographyand magnetic resonance enterography","volume":"19","author":"Castiglione","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"March (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-011-0783-5","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) vs. MRI of the small bowel in the evaluation of Crohn\u2019s disease activity","volume":"117","author":"Malag\u00f2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"issue":"July (7)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2017.04.010","article-title":"Gadolinium accumulation after contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: which implications in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease?","volume":"49","author":"Savarino Chianca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2002.21.2.149","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced power Doppler sonography of the intestinal wall in the differentiation of hypervascularized and hypovascularized intestinal obstructions in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Kratzer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"July (7)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.01.020","article-title":"Quantitative contrastenhanced ultrasound comparison between inflammatory and fibroticlesions in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Nylund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.008","article-title":"The value of small bowel wall contrast enhancement after sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubbleinjection to differentiate inflammatory from fibrotic strictures in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"38","author":"Quaia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.10.004","article-title":"Bowel sonoelastography in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Pescatori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000001020","article-title":"Ultrasound shear wave elastography and contrast enhancement: effective biomarkers in Crohn\u2019s disease strictures","volume":"23","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"June (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14141929","article-title":"US-based real-time elastography for the detection of fibrotic gut tissue in patients with stricturing crohn disease","volume":"275","author":"Baumgart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000536","article-title":"The role of ultrasound elasticity imaging in predicting ileal fibrosis in Crohn\u2019s disease patients","volume":"21","author":"Fraquelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"August","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0155","article-title":"Validity of contrast enhanced ultrasonography and dynamic contrast enhanced MR enterography in the assessment of transmural activity and fibrosis in Crohn\u2019s disease","author":"Wilkens","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200503000-00003","article-title":"Doppler ultrasound and intravenous contrast agents in gastrointestinal tract disorders: current role and future implications","volume":"17","author":"Schlottmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200303000-00008","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory abdominal masses in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Esteban","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.05.043","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differentiation between phlegmon and abscess in Crohn\u2019s disease and other abdominal condition","volume":"82","author":"Ripoll\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.1.112","article-title":"Transabdominal bowel sonography for the detection of intestinal complications in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"44","author":"Gasche","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00054.x","article-title":"Demonstration of a recto-vaginal fistula with the ultrasound contrast medium Echovist","volume":"15","author":"Henrich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"September (Suppl. 1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1159\/000437035","article-title":"Bowel ultrasonography in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"33","author":"Kucharzik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520902839659","article-title":"Predicting the clinical response to cytapheresis in steroid-refractory or -dependent ulcerativecolitis using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography","volume":"44","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-011-1300-y","article-title":"Comparison between quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularization by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and results of histopathological scoring in ulcerative colitis","volume":"27","author":"Girlich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"December (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld.2014.1121.244.chr","article-title":"Non-invasive assessment of inflammation and treatment response in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography quantification","volume":"24","author":"Socaciu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gastrointestin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0205","first-page":"23","article-title":"Contrast -enhanced ultrasonography with SonoVue after infliximab therapy in Crohn's disease","volume":"10","author":"Guidi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2008.10.029","article-title":"The diagnostic value of small bowel wall vascularity after sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble injection in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Correlation with the therapeutic effectiveness of specific anti-inflammatory treatment","volume":"69","author":"Quaia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000882","article-title":"Ultrasonographic changes at 12 weeks of anti-TNF drugs predict 1-year sonographic response and clinical outcome in Crohn\u2019s disease: a multicenter study","volume":"22","author":"Ripoll\u00e9s","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"November (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152461","article-title":"Time intensity curves obtained after microbubble injection can be used to differentiate responders from nonresponders among patients with clinically active crohn disease after 6 weeks of pharmacologic treatment","volume":"281","author":"Quaia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0225","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Westwood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess (Winchester, England)"},{"issue":"October (38)","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8605","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i38.8605","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the evaluation of incidental focal liver lesions: a cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"22","author":"Smajerova","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-007-0185-x","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the characterization of benign focal liver lesions: activity-based cost analysis","volume":"112","author":"Faccioli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"issue":"Suppl. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F99","DOI":"10.1007\/s10406-007-0234-5","article-title":"Economic assessment of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for evaluation of focal liver lesions: a multicentre Italian experience","volume":"17","author":"Romanini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"}],"container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865818306649?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865818306649?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T23:09:17Z","timestamp":1604099357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1590865818306649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1590865818306649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-8658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-8658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Digestive and Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2018.03.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}