{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:01:13Z","timestamp":1785528073477,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009702","name":"La Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009702","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","dldjournalonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T23:30:42Z","timestamp":1662766242000},"page":"235-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical features of type 1 and 2 refractory celiac disease: Results from a large cohort over a decade"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0873-0759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Elli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Soru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leda","family":"Roncoroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca Gaia","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Ferla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Baldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4450-2593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Nandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Scaramella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Scricciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Rimondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio Alberto","family":"Croci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Gianelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilla","family":"Cro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenza","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Costantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Ferrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Eugenio","family":"Tontini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Barigelletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Fabiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Doneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Vecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619844125","article-title":"European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease (ESsCD) guideline for coeliac disease and other gluten-related disorders","volume":"7","author":"Al-Toma","year":"2019","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.11.012","article-title":"Management of celiac disease in daily clinical practice","volume":"61","author":"Elli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.155","article-title":"Mechanisms and management of refractory coeliac disease","volume":"12","author":"van Gils","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.195131","article-title":"Classification and management of refractory coeliac disease","volume":"59","author":"Rubio-Tapia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.12.006","article-title":"Etiologies and predictors of diagnosis in nonresponsive celiac disease 2007","volume":"5","author":"Leffler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05917.x","article-title":"Etiology of nonresponsive celiac disease: results of a systematic approach","volume":"97","author":"Abdulkarim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2018.09.010","article-title":"Refractory celiac disease","volume":"48","author":"Malamut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.18701.1","article-title":"Recent advances in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease","volume":"8","author":"Malamut","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.114512","article-title":"Survival in refractory coeliac disease and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma: retrospective evaluation of single-centre experience","volume":"56","author":"Al-toma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2005.02.001","article-title":"Refractory coeliac disease","volume":"19","author":"Daum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.12.001","article-title":"Enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma in celiac disease: a large retrospective study","volume":"45","author":"Malamut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000629","article-title":"Protein-losing enteropathy","volume":"36","author":"Elli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01380.x","article-title":"Budesonide in the treatment of refractory celiac disease","volume":"102","author":"Brar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01687.x","article-title":"Azathioprine and prednisone combination therapy in refractory coeliac disease","volume":"18","author":"Goerres","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i4.506","article-title":"Evaluation of cladribine treatment in refractory celiac disease type II","volume":"17","author":"Tack","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199910000-00019","article-title":"The histopathology of coeliac disease: time for a standardized report scheme for pathologists","volume":"11","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.09.002","article-title":"Flow cytometric determination of aberrant intra-epithelial lymphocytes predicts T-cell lymphoma development more accurately than T-cell clonality analysis in Refractory Celiac Disease","volume":"126","author":"Verbeek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569","article-title":"The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms","volume":"127","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0020","article-title":"Role of enteroscopic techniques in malignant complications of celiac disease","volume":"2","author":"Tomba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Celiac Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0021","first-page":"188","article-title":"Small bowel capsule endoscopy in refractory celiac disease: a luxury or a necessity?","volume":"34","author":"Zammit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.069","article-title":"Presentation and long-term follow-up of refractory celiac disease: comparison of type I with type II","volume":"136","author":"Malamut","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2017.12.001","article-title":"Risk of complications in coeliac patients depends on age at diagnosis and type of clinical presentation","volume":"50","author":"Biagi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2020.1725472","article-title":"Progress in the serology-based diagnosis and management of adult celiac disease","volume":"14","author":"Penny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.11.010","article-title":"Effectiveness of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in suspected complicated celiac disease","volume":"20","author":"Ferretti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.04.006","article-title":"Use of enteroscopy for the detection of malignant and premalignant lesions of the small bowel in complicated celiac disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Elli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.02.015","article-title":"Enteroscopy and radiology for the management of celiac disease complications: time for a pragmatic roadmap","volume":"48","author":"Branchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1391855","article-title":"Small-bowel capsule endoscopy and device-assisted enteroscopy for diagnosis and treatment of small-bowel disorders: european Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) clinical guideline","volume":"47","author":"Pennazio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endoscopy"}],"container-title":["Digestive and Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865822006508?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1590865822006508?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T04:20:07Z","timestamp":1761625207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1590865822006508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1590865822006508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-8658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-8658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical features of type 1 and 2 refractory celiac disease: Results from a large cohort over a decade","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Digestive and Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2022.08.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}