{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:04:43Z","timestamp":1790111083034,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002964","name":"Cukurova University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["THZ-2025-18288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["THZ-2025-18288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002964","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dmd.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:10:02Z","timestamp":1788221402000},"page":"100396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From systemic circulation to male gametes: Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in plasma, seminal plasma, and spermatozoa of Awassi rams"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3245-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep Ozdemir","family":"Kutahya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0131-5912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erkan","family":"Say","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebru Karakaya","family":"Bilen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Busra Aslan","family":"Akyol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0187-2615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00dcm\u00fct","family":"Cirit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4912-7307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cengiz","family":"Gokbulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib1","series-title":"Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles","first-page":"539","article-title":"Macrocyclic lactone endectocides","author":"Gwaltney-Brant","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.07.011","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ivermectin in domestic animal species","volume":"179","author":"Canga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112800399194","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic features of the antiparasitic macrocyclic lactones","volume":"13","author":"McKellar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Biotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100342","article-title":"Male genital tract pharmacology: developments in quantitative methods to better understand a complex peripheral compartment","volume":"83","author":"Cao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-22-690","article-title":"5-alpha reductase inhibitors use in prostatic disease and beyond","volume":"12","author":"Chislett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib6","first-page":"6412","article-title":"Drug transport across the blood-testis barrier","volume":"14","author":"Meng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.05.010","article-title":"The distribution of drug-efflux pumps, P-gp, BCRP, MRP1 and MRP2, in the normal blood\u2013testis barrier and in primary testicular tumours","volume":"40","author":"Bart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2010.11.007","article-title":"Emerging role for drug transporters at the blood\u2013testis barrier","volume":"32","author":"Mruk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2006.10.004","article-title":"Interaction of macrocyclic lactones with P-glycoprotein: structure\u2013affinity relationship","volume":"30","author":"Lespine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"82","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib10","first-page":"202","article-title":"Effect of ivermectin on the reproductive performance in rams","volume":"41","author":"El-Malak","year":"1999","journal-title":"Assiut Vet Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib11","first-page":"129","article-title":"Effect of Ivermectin on semen characteristics of Iraqi Awassi ram","volume":"5","author":"Naoman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Al-Anbar J Vet Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib12","first-page":"211","article-title":"Effect of ivermectin on the reproductive potential of breeding rams","volume":"57","author":"Schr\u00f6der","year":"1986","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1017\/S002202990400038X","article-title":"Comparative depletion of ivermectin and moxidectin milk residues in dairy sheep after oral and subcutaneous administration","volume":"71","author":"Imperiale","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dairy Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030701552972","article-title":"Pattern of ivermectin (sheep) and doramectin (cattle) residues in muscular tissue from various anatomical locations","volume":"25","author":"Moreno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00101a015","article-title":"Absorption, tissue distribution, and excretion of tritium-labeled ivermectin in cattle, sheep, and rat","volume":"38","author":"Chiu","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"1-4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2013.03.010","article-title":"Comparison of cryoprotective effects of iodixanol, trehalose and cysteamine on ram semen","volume":"139","author":"Cirit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib17","first-page":"1052","article-title":"Impacts of ivermectin (Mectizan (R)) on seminal electrolyte characteristics of Yankasa rams","author":"Samuel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nigerian Soci Anim Prod"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/86.2.412","article-title":"Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction\/partitioning and \u201cdispersive solid-phase extraction\u201d for the determination of pesticide residues in produce","volume":"86","author":"Anastassiades","year":"2003","journal-title":"J AOAC Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2007.00888.x","article-title":"Comparison of plasma pharmacokinetic profile of ivermectin following administration of subcutaneous injection (Baymec\u00ae) and oral tablet (Efektin\u00ae) in goats","volume":"30","author":"Gokbulut","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib20","series-title":"Quantitative Chemical Analysis","first-page":"AP20","author":"Harris","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2002.00390.x","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin after its subcutaneous administration in healthy sheep and sheep infected with mange","volume":"25","author":"Echeverria","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.1.101","article-title":"Bioavailability of a commercial formulation of ivermectin after subcutaneous administration to sheep","volume":"68","author":"Canga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-0915-6","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin alone and a novel formulation of ivermectin and rafoxanide in calves and sheep","volume":"102","author":"El-Banna","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2003.00526.x","article-title":"The comparative serum disposition kinetics of subcutaneous administration of doramectin, ivermectin and moxidectin in the Australian Merino sheep","volume":"26","author":"Barber","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2007.00926.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in pregnant and nonpregnant sheep","volume":"31","author":"Perez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2008.03.011","article-title":"Effect of ivermectin on male fertility and its interaction with P-glycoprotein inhibitor (verapamil) in rats","volume":"26","author":"El-Nahas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib27","series-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases","first-page":"519","article-title":"Drugs for helminths","author":"McCarthy","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib28","article-title":"Relevance of fatty acids to sperm maturation and quality","volume":"2020","author":"Collodel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1457638","article-title":"Lipid remodeling in acrosome exocytosis: unraveling key players in the human sperm","volume":"12","author":"Suhaiman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(88)90047-4","article-title":"Duration of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and daily sperm production of Brazilian hairy rams","volume":"17","author":"Cardoso","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.09.029","article-title":"Ivermectin does not interfere with seminal and hormonal parameters in male rabbits","volume":"124","author":"Moreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.56557\/ajorib\/2025\/v7i2115","article-title":"Ivermectin-induced reproductive toxicity in rabbit bucks and the protective role of Moringa Oleifera leaf extract and vitamin C","volume":"7","author":"Uko","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian J Res Biosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2009.08.015","article-title":"Drug transporter, P-glycoprotein (MDR1), is an integrated component of the mammalian blood\u2013testis barrier","volume":"41","author":"Su","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.087452","article-title":"The blood-testis and blood-epididymis barriers are more than just their tight junctions","volume":"84","author":"Mital","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.030700","article-title":"Role of P-glycoprotein in the disposition of macrocyclic lactones: a comparison between ivermectin, eprinomectin, and moxidectin in mice","volume":"38","author":"Kiki-Mvouaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4161\/21565562.2014.979619","article-title":"The blood-epididymis barrier and inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Gregory","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spermatogenesis"}],"container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955626006653?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955626006653?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:06:33Z","timestamp":1790107593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090955626006653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0090955626006653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-9556"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-9556","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"From systemic circulation to male gametes: Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in plasma, seminal plasma, and spermatozoa of Awassi rams","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Drug Metabolism and Disposition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dmd.2026.100396","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100396"}}