{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:22:08Z","timestamp":1791303728076,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-12699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-12699"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GPG 102165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GPG 102165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmn.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Discovery Today"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]],"date-time":"2014-03-03T18:37:09Z","timestamp":1393871829000},"page":"990-996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Mechanisms of synaptic dysfunction and excitotoxicity in Huntington's disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marja D.","family":"Sepers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn A.","family":"Raymond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90585-E","article-title":"A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes","volume":"72","author":"The Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.128728","article-title":"Detection of Huntington's disease decades before diagnosis: the Predict\u2013HD study","volume":"79","author":"Paulsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.07.030","article-title":"Striatal volume contributes to the prediction of onset of Huntington disease in incident cases","volume":"71","author":"Aylward","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00012","article-title":"Refining the diagnosis of Huntington disease: the PREDICT-HD study","volume":"5","author":"Biglan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70245-3","article-title":"Huntington's disease: from molecular pathogenesis to clinical treatment","volume":"10","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.08.052","article-title":"Pathophysiology of Huntington's disease: time-dependent alterations in synaptic and receptor function","volume":"198","author":"Raymond","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90542-1","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the Huntington's disease gene results in embryonic lethality and behavioral and morphological changes in heterozygotes","volume":"81","author":"Nasir","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.12.013","article-title":"Protein aggregates in Huntington's disease","volume":"238","author":"Arrasate","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199805000-00001","article-title":"Huntington disease","volume":"57","author":"Vonsattel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.04.018","article-title":"Optogenetic insights into striatal function and behavior","author":"Lenz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0055","first-page":"26","article-title":"Dysregulated neuronal activity patterns implicate corticostriatal circuit dysfunction in multiple rodent models of Huntington's disease","volume":"5","author":"Miller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00036","DOI":"10.1042\/AN20100007","article-title":"Alterations in striatal synaptic transmission are consistent across genetic mouse models of Huntington's disease","volume":"2","author":"Cummings","year":"2010","journal-title":"ASN Neuro."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45646","article-title":"Brain networks in Huntington disease","volume":"121","author":"Eidelberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.06.008","article-title":"Striatal microcircuitry and movement disorders","volume":"35","author":"Gittis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10814","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2660-08.2008","article-title":"Dichotomous anatomical properties of adult striatal medium spiny neurons","volume":"28","author":"Gertler","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3188","article-title":"Transient stimulation of distinct subpopulations of striatal neurons mimics changes in action value","volume":"15","author":"Tai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.04.038","article-title":"Striatal dopamine release is triggered by synchronized activity in cholinergic interneurons","volume":"75","author":"Threlfell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7393","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2137-12.2013","article-title":"Multiple sources of striatal inhibition are differentially affected in Huntington's disease mouse models","volume":"33","author":"Cepeda","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11466","article-title":"Dopaminergic neurons inhibit striatal output through non-canonical release of GABA","volume":"490","author":"Tritsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2011.00046","article-title":"Altered balance of activity in the striatal direct and indirect pathways in mouse models of Huntington's disease","volume":"5","author":"Andr\u00e9","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-061010-113641","article-title":"Modulation of striatal projection systems by dopamine","volume":"34","author":"Gerfen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M582","article-title":"Role of tetrabenazine for Huntington's disease-associated chorea","volume":"44","author":"Poon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0115","first-page":"e00033","article-title":"Genetic mouse models of Huntington's disease: focus on electrophysiological mechanisms","volume":"2","author":"Cepeda","year":"2009","journal-title":"ASN Neuro."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3539-10.2011","article-title":"Differential electrophysiological changes in striatal output neurons in Huntington's disease","volume":"31","author":"Andr\u00e9","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.07.028","article-title":"Haloperidol protects striatal neurons from dysfunction induced by mutated huntingtin in vivo","volume":"29","author":"Charvin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07691.x","article-title":"Up-regulation of GLT1 reverses the deficit in cortically evoked striatal ascorbate efflux in the R6\/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"121","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baga.2012.04.029","article-title":"Corticostriatal dysfunction and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) in Huntington's disease: interactions between neurons and astrocytes","volume":"2","author":"Estrada-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Basal Ganglia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3053","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq212","article-title":"In vivo expression of polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin by mouse striatal astrocytes impairs glutamate transport: a correlation with Huntington's disease subjects","volume":"19","author":"Faideau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22480","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911503106","article-title":"Expression of mutant huntingtin in mouse brain astrocytes causes age-dependent neurological symptoms","volume":"106","author":"Bradford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8297","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1889-07.2007","article-title":"The use of knock-out mice unravels distinct roles for mGlu2 and mGlu3 metabotropic glutamate receptors in mechanisms of neurodegeneration\/neuroprotection","volume":"27","author":"Corti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2012.03.025","article-title":"The group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY379268 rescues neuronal, neurochemical and motor abnormalities in R6\/2 Huntington's disease mice","volume":"47","author":"Reiner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/321168a0","article-title":"Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid","volume":"321","author":"Beal","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.035","article-title":"Memantine reduces striatal cell death with decreasing calpain levelin 3\u2013nitropropionic model of Huntington's disease","volume":"1118","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5473-08.2009","article-title":"Differential susceptibility to excitotoxic stress in YAC128 mouse models of Huntington disease between initiation and progression of disease","volume":"29","author":"Graham","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01767.x","article-title":"Resistance to NMDA toxicity correlates with appearance of nuclear inclusions, behavioural deficits and changes in calcium homeostasis in mice transgenic for exon 1 of the Huntington gene","volume":"14","author":"Hansson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.142448","article-title":"Corticostriatal synaptic function in mouse models of Huntington's disease: early effects of huntingtin repeat length and protein load","volume":"585","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.01.008","article-title":"Early increase in extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signaling and expression contributes to phenotype onset in Huntington's disease mice","volume":"65","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5687-08.2009","article-title":"Age-dependent alterations of corticostriatal activity in the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease","volume":"29","author":"Joshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3504","article-title":"NMDA receptor subunit diversity: impact on receptor properties, synaptic plasticity and disease","volume":"14","author":"Paoletti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00089-9","article-title":"The messenger RNAs for the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits show region-specific expression of different subunit composition in the human brain","volume":"73","author":"Rigby","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0116-07.2007","article-title":"NMDA receptor subunits have differential roles in mediating excitotoxic neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.03.021","article-title":"The subtype of GluN2 C-terminal domain determines the response to excitotoxic insults","volume":"74","author":"Martel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0215","first-page":"211","article-title":"Differential roles of GluN2A- and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in neuronal survival and death","volume":"4","author":"Lujan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Physiol. Pathophysiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3768","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4356-06.2007","article-title":"Altered NMDA receptor trafficking in a yeast artificial chromosome transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"27","author":"Fan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.03.010","article-title":"Full length mutant huntingtin is required for altered Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of striatal neurons in the YAC mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3200","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5599-08.2009","article-title":"In vivo evidence for NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in a murine genetic model of Huntington disease","volume":"29","author":"Heng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2011.00028","article-title":"Dissecting the contribution of individual receptor subunits to the enhancement of N-methyl-d-aspartate currents by dopamine D1 receptor activation in striatum","volume":"5","author":"Jocoy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2911","article-title":"Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"11","author":"Hardingham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2056","article-title":"Balance between synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activity influences inclusions and neurotoxicity of mutant huntingtin","volume":"15","author":"Okamoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2012.05.013","article-title":"Mitigation of augmented extrasynaptic NMDAR signaling and apoptosis in cortico-striatal co-cultures from Huntington's disease mice","volume":"48","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1958","article-title":"Paradigm shift in neuroprotection by NMDA receptor blockade: memantine and beyond","volume":"5","author":"Lipton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2006.08.005","article-title":"A pilot study of the clinical efficacy and safety of memantine for Huntington's disease","volume":"13","author":"Ondo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(02)00164-3","article-title":"Why did NMDA receptor antagonists fail clinical trials for stroke and traumatic brain injury?","volume":"1","author":"Ikonomidou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3505","article-title":"BDNF-based synaptic repair as a disease-modifying strategy for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15491","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1212899109","article-title":"Conditional ablation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-TrkB signaling impairs striatal neuron development","volume":"109","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.06.018","article-title":"Huntingtin controls neurotrophic support and survival of neurons by enhancing BDNF vesicular transport along microtubules","volume":"118","author":"Gauthier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14708","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1637-10.2010","article-title":"BDNF overexpression in the forebrain rescues Huntington's disease phenotypes in YAC128 mice","volume":"30","author":"Xie","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2009","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutical targets in Huntington's disease","volume":"90","author":"Zuccato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6298","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2033-12.2013","article-title":"Mutant Huntingtin alters retrograde transport of TrkB receptors in striatal dendrites","volume":"33","author":"Liot","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.04590.x","article-title":"Reduced expression of the TrkB receptor in Huntington's disease mouse models and in human brain","volume":"23","author":"Gin\u00e9s","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2012.00858.x","article-title":"Relationship between BDNF expression in major striatal afferents, striatum morphology and motor behavior in the R6\/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"12","author":"Samadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-6-71","article-title":"Conditional BDNF release under pathological conditions improves Huntington's disease pathology by delaying neuronal dysfunction","volume":"6","author":"Giralt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.05137.x","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor over-expression in the forebrain ameliorates Huntington's disease phenotypes in mice","volume":"105","author":"Gharami","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt098","article-title":"Small-molecule TrkB receptor agonists improve motor function and extend survival in a mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.10.015","article-title":"Brief ampakine treatments slow the progression of Huntington's disease phenotypes in R6\/2 mice","volume":"41","author":"Simmons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4424","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5113-06.2007","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor restores synaptic plasticity in a knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"27","author":"Lynch","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14440","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3310-10.2010","article-title":"Presynaptic BDNF promotes postsynaptic long-term potentiation in the dorsal striatum","volume":"30","author":"Jia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.08.043","article-title":"Endocannabinoids potentiate synaptic transmission through stimulation of astrocytes","volume":"68","author":"Navarrete","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3053","article-title":"Mitochondrial CBi receptors regulate neuronal energy metabolism","volume":"15","author":"B\u00e9nard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01365.x","article-title":"Prospects for cannabinoid therapies in basal ganglia disorders","volume":"163","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ruiz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22809","article-title":"A pilot study using nabilone for symptomatic treatment in Huntington's disease","volume":"24","author":"Curtis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00008-7","article-title":"The pattern of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease: a comparative study of cannabinoid, dopamine, adenosine and GABA(A) receptor alterations in the human basal ganglia in Huntington's disease","volume":"97","author":"Glass","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.110.077156","article-title":"Widespread decrease of type 1 cannabinoid receptor availability in Huntington disease in vivo","volume":"51","author":"Van Laere","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.12.017","article-title":"Unbalance of CB1 receptors expressed in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease","volume":"45","author":"Chiodi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12045","article-title":"Downregulation of cannabinoid receptor 1 from neuropeptide Y interneurons in the basal ganglia of patients with Huntington's disease and mouse models","volume":"37","author":"Horne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200305060-00007","article-title":"Effects of cannabinoids in the rat model of Huntington's disease generated by an intrastriatal injection of malonate","volume":"14","author":"Lastres-Becker","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq278","article-title":"Loss of striatal type 1 cannabinoid receptors is a key pathogenic factor in Huntington's disease","volume":"134","author":"Bl\u00e1zquez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.12.002","article-title":"Endocannabinoid system and mood disorders: priming a target for new therapies","volume":"138","author":"Micale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."}],"container-title":["Drug Discovery Today"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359644614000580?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359644614000580?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T12:17:47Z","timestamp":1761221867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1359644614000580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1359644614000580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6446","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanisms of synaptic dysfunction and excitotoxicity in Huntington's disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Drug Discovery Today","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.02.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}