{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:08:43Z","timestamp":1790114923699,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,2]],"date-time":"2007-10-02T11:18:11Z","timestamp":1191323891000},"page":"208-216","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Severity of childhood trauma is predictive of cocaine relapse outcomes in women but not men"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Hyman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashni","family":"Paliwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara M.","family":"Chaplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn M.","family":"Mazure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Rounsaville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajita","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199703000-00012","article-title":"Validity of the childhood trauma questionnaire in an adolescent psychiatric population","volume":"36","author":"Bernstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib2","series-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Retrospective Self-Report Manual","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief screening version of the childhood trauma questionnaire","volume":"27","author":"Bernstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(01)00182-9","article-title":"Exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD among cocaine-dependent individuals: preliminary findings","volume":"21","author":"Brady","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Subst. Abuse Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib5","first-page":"34","article-title":"Gender differences in trauma and post-traumatic stress-disorder","volume":"5","author":"Breslau","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Gender Specific Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.3.264","article-title":"Efficacy of disulfiram and cognitive-behavioral therapy in cocaine-dependent outpatients","volume":"61","author":"Carroll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144029","article-title":"Child maltreatment","volume":"1","author":"Cicchetti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","article-title":"Regression models and life tables (with discussion)","author":"Cox","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00042-7","article-title":"Developmental traumatology: a contributory mechanism for alcohol and substance use disorders","volume":"27","author":"De Bellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendoclinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.1.134","article-title":"The timeline followback reports of psychoactive substance use by drug-abusing patients: psychometric properties","volume":"68","author":"Fals-Stewart","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"First, M., Spitzer, R., Gibbon, M., Williams, J., 1995. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Patient Edition. American Psychiatric Press Inc., Washington, DC.","DOI":"10.1037\/t07827-000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-0303-1","article-title":"Gender differences in cardiovascular and corticoadrenal response to stress and drug cues in cocaine dependent individuals","volume":"185","author":"Fox","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00072-8","article-title":"History of abuse and drinking outcomes following inpatient alcohol treatment: a prospective study","volume":"67","author":"Greenfield","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.592","article-title":"Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood","volume":"284","author":"Heim","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.67.1.37","article-title":"The validity of self-reported cocaine use in two groups of cocaine abusers","volume":"67","author":"Hersh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.8.1426","article-title":"Promising treatments for women with co-morbid PTSD and substance use disorders","volume":"161","author":"Hien","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950070060011","article-title":"Incentives improve outcome in outpatient behavioral treatment of cocaine dependence","volume":"51","author":"Higgins","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2004.08.009","article-title":"A gender specific psychometric analysis of the Early Trauma Inventory Short Form in cocaine dependent adults","volume":"30","author":"Hyman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/10623320600919193","article-title":"Gender specific associations between types of childhood maltreatment and the onset, escalation and severity of substance use in cocaine dependent adults","volume":"32","author":"Hyman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.21.2.233","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment, perceived stress, and stress-related coping in recently abstinent cocaine dependent adults","volume":"21","author":"Hyman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol. Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.5.630","article-title":"Outcomes for cocaine abusers after once-a-week psychosocial therapy","volume":"148","author":"Kang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.10.953","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women","volume":"57","author":"Kendler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.9.1445","article-title":"Gender differences in treatment response to sertraline versus imipramine in chronic depression","volume":"157","author":"Kornstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2003.08.010","article-title":"Neonatal isolation enhances acquisition of cocaine self-administration and food responding in female rats","volume":"151","author":"Kosten","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2004.11.009","article-title":"Sex differences in HPA axis responses to stress: a review","volume":"69","author":"Kudielka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib26","first-page":"56","article-title":"Influence of age and gender on affect, physiology, and their interrelations: a study of long-term marriages","volume":"67","author":"Levenson","year":"1994","journal-title":"JPSP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1183-2","article-title":"Biological basis of sex differences in drug abuse: preclinical and clinical studies","volume":"164","author":"Lynch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300656","article-title":"Decreased motivation to obtain cocaine following extended access: effects of sex and estrogen","volume":"30","author":"Lynch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300389","article-title":"Sex differences in the behavioral effects of 24-hr access to cocaine under a discrete trial procedure","volume":"29","author":"Lynch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701003877","article-title":"Sex differences in event-related risk for major depression","volume":"31","author":"Maciejewski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.11.1878","article-title":"Childhood abuse and lifetime psychopathology in a community sample","volume":"158","author":"MacMillan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/105504999305703","article-title":"Gender differences in treatment-seeking cocaine abusers-implications for treatment and prognosis","volume":"8","author":"McCance-Katz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Addict."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199610000-00006","article-title":"Gender differences in the relapse experiences of cocaine patients","volume":"184","author":"McKay","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Nervous Mental Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00040-3","article-title":"Environment regulation of the development of mesolimbic dopamine systems: a neurobiological mechanism for vulnerability to drug abuse?","volume":"27","author":"Meaney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib35","series-title":"Group Drug Counseling Manual","author":"Mercer","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.15288\/jsas.1994.s12.112","article-title":"Measurement of drinking behavior using the Form 90 family of instruments","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Stud. Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024496427434","article-title":"\u201cSeeking safety\u201d: outcome of a new cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for women with posttraumatic stress disorder and substance dependence","volume":"11","author":"Najavits","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/026988119801200103","article-title":"Conditioning factors in drug abuse: can they explain complusion?","volume":"12","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxf.)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.01.011","article-title":"Factor structure and reliability of the childhood trauma questionnaire in a canadian undergraduate student sample","volume":"28","author":"Paivio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(93)90189-V","article-title":"Early postnatal experience alters hypothalamic corticotrophon-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA, median eminence CRF content, and stress-induced release in adult rats","volume":"18","author":"Plotsky","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(96)00083-X","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in a clinical sample of adult survivors of sexual abuse","volume":"20","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib42","series-title":"Relapse and Recovery in Addictions","first-page":"355","article-title":"Relapse among cocaine abusers: theoretical, methodological, and treatment considerations","author":"Rohsenow","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013058625719","article-title":"The childhood trauma questionnaire in a community sample: psychometric properties and normative data","volume":"14","author":"Scher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(00)00088-X","article-title":"Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems: a review","volume":"22","author":"Simpson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100917","article-title":"How does stress increase risk of drug abuse and relapse?","volume":"158","author":"Sinha","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib46","series-title":"Handbook on Stress and the Brain. Part 2. Stress: integrative and clinical aspects","first-page":"333","article-title":"Stress and drug abuse","author":"Sinha","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.3.324","article-title":"Stress-induced cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of cocaine relapse outcomes","volume":"63","author":"Sinha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0715","article-title":"Sex differences in depressed substance abusers","volume":"63","author":"Sinha","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1525-8","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympatho-adreno-medullary responses during stress-induced and drug cue-induced cocaine craving states","volume":"170","author":"Sinha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib50","series-title":"Timeline Followback User's Guide: A Calendar Method for Assessing Alcohol and Drug Use","author":"Sobell","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01333-1","article-title":"Sex differences in stress responses: social rejection versus achievement stress","volume":"52","author":"Stroud","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.4.599","article-title":"Gender differences in long term health consequences of physical abuse of children: data from a nationally representative survey","volume":"94","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.01.005","article-title":"Gender differences in social reactions to abuse disclosures, post-abuse coping, and PTSD of child sexual abuse survivors","volume":"29","author":"Ullman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-003-0039-z","article-title":"Gender differences in the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse and in the development of pediatric PTSD","volume":"7","author":"Walker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Women's Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.816","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse as a risk factor for depression in women: psychosocial and neurobiological correlates","volume":"156","author":"Weiss","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199708000-00009","article-title":"Physical and sexual abuse during childhood and development of psychiatric illnesses during adulthood","volume":"185","author":"Wexler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.8.1223","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up","volume":"156","author":"Widom","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib58","first-page":"52","article-title":"Alcohol abuse as a risk factor for and consequence of child abuse","volume":"25","author":"Widom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Res. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.191","article-title":"Problem behaviors in abused and neglected children grown-up: prevalence and co-occurence of substance abuse, crime, and violence","volume":"7","author":"Widom","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crim. Behav. Ment. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.10.3.316","article-title":"Examining possible gender differences among cocaine-dependent outpatients","volume":"10","author":"Wong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/da.1034","article-title":"Factorial validity of the childhood trauma questionnaire in men and women","volume":"13","author":"Wright","year":"2001","journal-title":"Depression Anxiety"}],"container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871607002967?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871607002967?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T05:47:56Z","timestamp":1737438476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0376871607002967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0376871607002967"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0376-8716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0376-8716","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}}}