{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T16:59:07Z","timestamp":1774025947292,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,19]],"date-time":"2011-06-19T12:36:16Z","timestamp":1308486976000},"page":"444-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Strategies for characterizing complex phenotypes and environments: General and specific family environmental predictors of young adult tobacco dependence, alcohol use disorder, and co-occurring problems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl G.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meredith C.","family":"Meacham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. David","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.11.3.259","article-title":"Adolescent modeling of parent substance use: the moderating effect of the relationship with the parent","volume":"11","author":"Andrews","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.05.007","article-title":"Addressing common risk and protective factors can prevent a wide range of adolescent risk behaviors","volume":"45","author":"Bailey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-006-9033-z","article-title":"Linking substance use and problem behavior across three generations","volume":"34","author":"Bailey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Child Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.85.1.125","article-title":"On measures of explained variance in nonrecursive structural equation models","volume":"85","author":"Bentler","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3464","article-title":"Participation in a family-centered prevention program decreases genetic risk for adolescents\u2019 risky behaviors","volume":"124","author":"Brody","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.22.6.723","article-title":"Ecology of the family as a context for human development: research perspectives","volume":"22","author":"Bronfenbrenner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015632709461","article-title":"A case control study of adolescent risky sexual behavior and its relationship to personality dimensions, conduct disorder, and substance use","volume":"31","author":"Bryan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.07.012","article-title":"The role of conduct disorder in explaining the comorbidity between alcohol and illicit drug dependence in adolescence","volume":"87","author":"Button","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0050","series-title":"Delinquency and Crime: Current Theories","first-page":"149","article-title":"The social development model: a theory of antisocial behavior","author":"Catalano","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/27.6.485","article-title":"Parental smoking cessation and adolescent smoking","volume":"27","author":"Chassin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.34.6.1189","article-title":"Maternal socialization of adolescent smoking: the intergenerational transmission of parenting and smoking","volume":"34","author":"Chassin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.449","article-title":"Substance use and symptomatology among adolescent children of alcoholics","volume":"100","author":"Chassin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1086\/342999","article-title":"Identifying and predicting offending trajectories among poor children","volume":"76","author":"Chung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soc. Serv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0075","first-page":"923","article-title":"Novel approaches to phenotyping drug abuse","volume":"31","author":"Conway","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.027","article-title":"Psychiatric predictors of adolescent and young adult drug use and abuse: what have we learned?","volume":"88S","author":"Costello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.20452","article-title":"Gene, region and pathway level analyses in whole-genome studies","volume":"34","author":"De la Cruz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.31089","article-title":"Evidence for genes on chromosome 2 contributing to alcohol dependence with conduct disorder and suicide attempts","volume":"153B","author":"Dick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018795417956","article-title":"Exploring associations in developmental trends of adolescent substance use and risky sexual behavior in a high-risk population","volume":"22","author":"Duncan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2008.12.022","article-title":"Long-term effects of drug prevention on risky sexual behavior among young adults","volume":"45","author":"Ellickson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2307\/2136858","article-title":"Parental and peer characteristics as modifiers of the bond\u2013behavior relationship: an elaboration of control theory","volume":"33","author":"Foshee","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.11.215","article-title":"A review of positive youth development programs that promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health","volume":"46","author":"Gavin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000057944.57330.65","article-title":"G\u00d7E: a NIAAA workshop on gene\u2013environment interactions","volume":"27","author":"Gunzerath","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.153.3.226","article-title":"Preventing adolescent health-risk behaviors by strengthening protection during childhood","volume":"153","author":"Hawkins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.64","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance-abuse prevention","volume":"112","author":"Hawkins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0130","series-title":"Stages and Pathways of Drug Involvement. Examining the Gateway Hypothesis","first-page":"42","article-title":"Substance use norms and transitions in substance use: implications for the gateway hypothesis","author":"Hawkins","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01325432","article-title":"The social development model: an integrated approach to delinquency prevention","volume":"6","author":"Hawkins","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Primary Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.9.922","article-title":"Family transmission and heritability of externalizing disorders","volume":"61","author":"Hicks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.005","article-title":"Person\u2013environment interaction in the prediction of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence in adulthood","volume":"110","author":"Hill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2004.08.014","article-title":"Family influences on the risk of daily smoking initiation","volume":"37","author":"Hill","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490050148026","article-title":"Is dependence on one drug associated with dependence on other drugs? The cases of alcohol, caffeine and nicotine","volume":"9","author":"Hughes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Addict."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579499002369","article-title":"Behavioral disinhibition and the development of substance-use disorders: findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study","volume":"11","author":"Iacono","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.612","article-title":"Conjoint developmental trajectories of young adult alcohol and tobacco use","volume":"114","author":"Jackson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.9.929","article-title":"The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women","volume":"60","author":"Kendler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.3.360","article-title":"The dynamics of alcohol and marijuana initiation: patterns and predictors of first use in adolescence","volume":"90","author":"Kosterman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1583","article-title":"Genetic influences on impulsivity, risk taking, stress responsivity and vulnerability to drug abuse and addiction","volume":"8","author":"Kreek","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0040002","article-title":"Genes and (common) pathways underlying drug addiction","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Computat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0190","first-page":"179","article-title":"A versatile gene-based test for genome-wide association studies","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.60.5.766","article-title":"General deviance syndrome: expanded hierarchical evaluations at four ages from early adolescence to adulthood","volume":"60","author":"McGee","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-006-9061-z","article-title":"The association of early adolescent problem behavior and adult psychopathology: a multivariate behavioral genetic perspective","volume":"36","author":"McGue","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2009.133","article-title":"An integrated phenomic approach to multivariate allelic association","volume":"18","author":"Medland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.5.473","article-title":"Strategy for investigating interactions between measured genes and measured environments","volume":"62","author":"Moffitt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0215","unstructured":"Muth\u00e9n, B.O., 2006. Reply to P. Sturgis on the Mplus Discussion Board."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0220","series-title":"Mplus User's Guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.4.614","article-title":"Influence of sensation seeking on general deviance and specific problem behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood","volume":"61","author":"Newcomb","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2307\/2095734","article-title":"The generality of deviance in late adolescence and early adulthood","volume":"53","author":"Osgood","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. Sociol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.7.1086","article-title":"The validity of self-reported smoking: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Patrick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2009.115","article-title":"Gene and pathway-based second-wave analysis of genome-wide association studies","volume":"18","author":"Peng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327795jra0402_3","article-title":"Disentangling the effects of parental drinking, family management, and parental alcohol norms on current drinking by Black and White adolescents","volume":"4","author":"Peterson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Res. Adolesc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/YPG.0b013e3283208026","article-title":"Role of GABRA2 on risk for alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis dependence in the Iowa Adoption Studies","volume":"19","author":"Philibert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0255","series-title":"NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Version III (May 1981)","author":"Robins","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01557.x","article-title":"Gene\u2013environment interplay and psychopathology: multiple varieties but real effects","volume":"47","author":"Rutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.2.147","article-title":"Missing data: our view of the state of the art","volume":"7","author":"Schafer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.03.017","article-title":"A prospective study of familial conflict, psychological stress, and the development of substance use disorders in adolescence","volume":"104","author":"Skeer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/10673220127912","article-title":"The Harvard Twin Study of Substance Abuse: what we have learned","volume":"9","author":"Tsuang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Harv. Rev. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.11.967","article-title":"Co-occurrence of abuse of different drugs in men: the role of drug-specific and shared vulnerabilities","volume":"55","author":"Tsuang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.4","article-title":"Interaction between dopamine D2 receptor genotype and parental rule-setting in adolescent alcohol use: evidence for a gene\u2013parenting interaction","volume":"15","author":"van der Zwaluw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1086\/522374","article-title":"Pathway-based approaches for analysis of genomewide association studies","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014657","article-title":"Behavioral disinhibition: liability for externalizing spectrum disorders and its genetic and environmental relation to response inhibition across adolescence","volume":"118","author":"Young","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-006-9066-7","article-title":"Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities underlying adolescent substance use and problem use: general or specific?","volume":"36","author":"Young","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20001009)96:5<684::AID-AJMG16>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Genetic and environmental influences on behavioral disinhibition","volume":"96","author":"Young","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."}],"container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871611002122?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871611002122?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,7]],"date-time":"2024-04-07T19:36:17Z","timestamp":1712518577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0376871611002122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0376871611002122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0376-8716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0376-8716","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}}}