{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:35:01Z","timestamp":1777458901254,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]],"date-time":"2011-12-03T16:49:08Z","timestamp":1322930948000},"page":"181-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Antinociceptive effects of herkinorin, a MOP receptor agonist derived from salvinorin A in the formalin test in rats: New concepts in mu opioid receptor pharmacology: From a symposium on new concepts in mu-opioid pharmacology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Lamb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tidgewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise S.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura M.","family":"Bohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Prisinzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.66.1.106","article-title":"Relative opioid efficacy is determined by the complements of the G protein-coupled receptor desensitization machinery","volume":"66","author":"Bohn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:5:1:041","article-title":"G protein-coupled receptor kinase\/beta-arrestin systems and drugs of abuse: psychostimulant and opiate studies in knockout mice","volume":"5","author":"Bohn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuromol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/35047086","article-title":"Mu-opioid receptor desensitization by beta-arrestin-2 determines morphine tolerance but not dependence","volume":"408","author":"Bohn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5449.2495","article-title":"Enhanced morphine analgesia in mice lacking beta-arrestin 2","volume":"286","author":"Bohn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.61.1.55","article-title":"Molecular components of tolerance to opiates in single hippocampal neurons","volume":"61","author":"Bushell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.108.140079","article-title":"The effects of herkinorin, the first mu-selective ligand from a salvinorin A-derived scaffold, in a neuroendocrine biomarker assay in nonhuman primates","volume":"327","author":"Butelman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)91214-9","article-title":"Unilateral analgesia produced by intraventricular morphine","volume":"303","author":"Cohen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.1998.1219","article-title":"Disposition of [14C]gamma-cyclodextrin in germ-free and conventional rats","volume":"27","author":"De Bie","year":"1998","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)38161-3","article-title":"Loperamide (ADL 2-1294), an opioid antihyperalgesic agent with peripheral selectivity","volume":"289","author":"DeHaven-Hudkins","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00051-S","article-title":"The development of opioid tolerance in the formalin test in the rat","volume":"63","author":"Detweiler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.69.022405.154749","article-title":"Beta-arrestins and cell signaling","volume":"69","author":"DeWire","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(77)90130-0","article-title":"The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats","volume":"4","author":"Dubuisson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-8051(02)00315-3","article-title":"Effect of vehicle on brain uptake of [11C]toluene","volume":"29","author":"Gerasimov","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.028258","article-title":"An opioid agonist that does not induce mu-opioid receptor-arrestin interactions or receptor internalization","volume":"71","author":"Groer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31731","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.248310","article-title":"Agonist-directed interactions with specific beta-arrestins determine mu-opioid receptor trafficking, ubiquitination, anddephosphorylation","volume":"286","author":"Groer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.01.004","article-title":"Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor agonist attenuates neuropathic pain in rats after L5 spinal nerve injury","volume":"138","author":"Guan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4765","DOI":"10.1021\/jm048963m","article-title":"Neoclerodane diterpenes as a novel scaffold for mu opioid receptor ligands","volume":"48","author":"Harding","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02968252","article-title":"Attenuation of morphine tolerance and withdrawal syndrome by coadministration of nalbuphine","volume":"29","author":"Jang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.049023","article-title":"Nonopioid actions of U50,488 enantiomers contribute to their peripheral cutaneous antinociceptive effects","volume":"305","author":"Joshi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)35347-9","article-title":"Intrathecally administered gabapentin inhibits formalin-evoked nociception and the expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of the rat","volume":"292","author":"Kaneko","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.12.057","article-title":"Morphine-induced receptor endocytosis in a novel knockin mouse reduces tolerance and dependence","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199704000-00021","article-title":"Nalbuphine coadministered with morphine prevents tolerance and dependence","volume":"84","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00057-1","article-title":"Protein kinases modulate the cellular adaptations associated with opioid tolerance and dependence","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0115","series-title":"Opioids in Pain Control: Basic and Clinical Aspects","first-page":"188","article-title":"Clincal pharmacology and adverse effects","author":"Mather","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.08.003","article-title":"The role of beta-arrestin2 in the severity of antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence induced by different opioid pain therapeutics","volume":"60","author":"Raehal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.087254","article-title":"Morphine side effects in \u03b2-arrestin 2 knockout mice","volume":"314","author":"Raehal","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.111.004598","article-title":"Functional selectivity at themu-opioid receptor: implications for understanding opioid analgesia and tolerance","volume":"63","author":"Raehal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)00194-J","article-title":"Antinociceptive profiles of non-peptidergic neurokinin1 and neurokinin2 receptor antagonists: a comparison to other classes of antinociceptive agent","volume":"61","author":"Seguin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600521003","article-title":"Use of nonaqueous solvents in parenteral products","volume":"52","author":"Spiegel","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)21323-4","article-title":"Potency of infused spinal antinociceptive agents is inversely related to magnitude of tolerance after continuous infusion","volume":"250","author":"Stevens","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1081\/PDT-100101388","article-title":"The preparation of soft gelatin capsules for a radioactive tracer study","volume":"4","author":"Tesconi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharm. Dev. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1021\/jm701162g","article-title":"Herkinorin analogues with differential beta-arrestin-2 interactions","volume":"51","author":"Tidgewell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90003-T","article-title":"The formalin test: an evaluation of the method","volume":"51","author":"Tjolsen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.59.8.0008","article-title":"Involvement of kappa opioid receptors in formalin-induced inhibition of analgesic tolerance to morphine in mice","volume":"59","author":"Tokuyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90073-M","article-title":"The rat paw formalin test: comparison of noxious agents","volume":"40","author":"Wheeler-Aceto","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9914","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.9914","article-title":"Morphine-activated opioid receptors elude desensitization by beta-arrestin","volume":"95","author":"Whistler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)91051-4","article-title":"Continuous intrathecal administration of morphine via an osmotic minipump in the rat","volume":"247","author":"Wiesenfeld","year":"1982","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1080\/0002889718506502","article-title":"The acute toxicity of dimethylamides in several animal species","volume":"32","author":"Wiles","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20356","article-title":"A comparison of noninternalizing (herkinorin) and internalizing (DAMGO) mu-opioid agonists on cellular markers related to opioid tolerance and dependence","volume":"61","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7157","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.12.7157","article-title":"Role for G protein-coupled receptor kinase in agonist-specific regulation of mu-opioid receptor responsiveness","volume":"95","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026_bib0195","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Chronic morphine use does not induce peripheral tolerance in a rat model of inflammatory pain","volume":"118","author":"Zollner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."}],"container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Dependence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871611004777?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0376871611004777?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T20:17:22Z","timestamp":1741983442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0376871611004777"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0376871611004777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0376-8716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0376-8716","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}}}