{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T23:11:54Z","timestamp":1790550714185,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]],"date-time":"2013-03-15T22:29:52Z","timestamp":1363386592000},"page":"101-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["The diabetic foot infections: Biofilms and antimicrobial resistance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Abida","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zubair","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.46.1.39-56.1943","article-title":"The effect of solid surfaces upon bacterial activity","volume":"46","author":"Zobell","year":"1943","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)00018-7","article-title":"Introduction to biofilm","volume":"11","author":"Costerton","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.56.012302.160705","article-title":"Biofilms as complex differentiated communities","volume":"56","author":"Stoodley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04234.x","article-title":"Quorum sensing and signal interference: diverse implications","volume":"53","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Molecular Microbiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002","article-title":"Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms","volume":"15","author":"Donlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)01913-2","article-title":"Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents","volume":"9","author":"Mah","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends in Microbiology"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro821","article-title":"Bacterial biofilms: from the natural environment to infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"Hall-Stoodley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2005.08.025","article-title":"Investigating the suitability of the Calgary Biofilm Device for assessing the antimicrobial efficacy of new agents","volume":"97","author":"Ali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioresource Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7456","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00845-07","article-title":"Detection of Escherichia coli in biofilms from pipe samples and coupons in drinking water distribution networks","volume":"73","author":"Juhna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Applied and Environment Microbiology"},{"issue":"June (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00041-08","article-title":"Signals, regulatory networks, and materials that build and break bacterial biofilms","volume":"73","author":"Karatan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews: MMBR"},{"issue":"August (7054)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03912","article-title":"Aminoglycoside antibiotics induce bacterial biofilm formation","volume":"436","author":"Hoffman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"June (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2007.05.011","article-title":"The promise and peril of transcriptional profiling in biofilm communities","volume":"10","author":"An","year":"2007","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.59.030804.121034","article-title":"Alternative Candida albicans life style: growth on surfaces","volume":"59","author":"Carol","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.61.080706.093316","article-title":"Biofilm formation by plant associated bacteria","volume":"61","author":"Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.023903-0","article-title":"A Pivotal role for the response regulator DegU in controlling multicellular behavior","volume":"155","author":"Murray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.4.999-1007.2001","article-title":"Riddle of biofilm resistance","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2397","article-title":"Antibiotics and prevention of microbial colonization of catheters","volume":"39","author":"Raad","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.4.939","article-title":"Effects of slime produced by clinical isolates of coagulase negative Staphylococci on activities of various antimicrobial agents","volume":"42","author":"Souli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2011.09.003","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors for amputation among patients with diabetic foot ulcer in a North Indian tertiary hospital","volume":"22","author":"Zubair","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Foot"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2010.10.003","article-title":"Clinico-microbiological study and antimicrobial drug resistance profile of diabetic foot infections in North India","volume":"21","author":"Zubair","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Foot"},{"issue":"Special issue (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0100","first-page":"147","article-title":"A study of biofilm production by gram negative organisms isolated from diabetic foot ulcer patients","volume":"3","author":"Zubair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01237.x","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcer and multidrug-resistant organisms: risk factors and impact","volume":"21","author":"Hartemann-Heurtier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2005.06.016","article-title":"Bacterial etiology of diabetic foot infections in South India","volume":"16","author":"Shankar","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2006.05.001","article-title":"Characterization of bacterial isolates from diabetic foot infections in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"16","author":"Ako-Nai","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Foot"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S283","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.Supplement_2.S283","article-title":"Foot infections in diabetic patients: the risk of anaerobes","volume":"20","author":"Gerding","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0116","article-title":"Clinico-microbiological study of diabetic foot ulcers in an Indian tertiary care hospital","volume":"29","author":"Gadepalli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1893-7","article-title":"Changing microbiological profile of pathogenic bacteria in diabetic foot infection: time for a rethink on which empirical therapy to choose?","volume":"54","author":"Ramakant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2003.00860.x","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the diabetic foot clinic: a worsening problem","volume":"20","author":"Dang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00551-07","article-title":"Bacteriology of moderate to severe diabetic foot infections and in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents","volume":"45","author":"Citron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30354-8","article-title":"The diabetic foot: soft tissue and bone infection","volume":"4","author":"Lipsky","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30645-0","article-title":"Diabetic foot infections: antimicrobial therapy","volume":"9","author":"Grayson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-8422(23)00381-6","article-title":"Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of diabetic foot infections","volume":"7","author":"Joseph","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(03)00119-1","article-title":"Fungal peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a single centre Indian experience","volume":"48","author":"Prasad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Infection"},{"issue":"February (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0165","first-page":"39","article-title":"Microbiology of diabetic foot infections in a teaching hospital in Malaysia: a retrospective study of 194 cases","volume":"40","author":"Raja","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7159.647","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries","volume":"317","author":"Hart","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144553","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199611073351907","article-title":"Antimicrobial drug resistance","volume":"335","author":"Gold","year":"1996","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.6.1185","article-title":"New aspects of antimicrobial resistance and the resulting the resulting therapeutic dilemmas","volume":"163","author":"Murray","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2001.00460.x","article-title":"The effect of diabetes and severe ischaemia on the penetration of Ceftazidime into tissues of the limb","volume":"18","author":"Raymakers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0195","first-page":"129","article-title":"Cutaneous biofilms: friend or foe?","volume":"15","author":"Mertz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6339L 6345","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.6339-6345.2002","article-title":"Human leukocytes adhere to, penetrate, and respond to Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"70","author":"Leid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0205","first-page":"234","article-title":"Biofilms and their potential role in wound healing","volume":"16","author":"Percival","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2002)075<0534:EEPDOA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Electrically enhanced percutaneous delivery of delta-aminolevulinic acid using electric pulses and DC potential","volume":"75","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-43","article-title":"Survey of bacterial diversity in chronic wounds using pyrosequencing, DGGE, and full ribosome shotgun sequencing","volume":"8","author":"Dowd","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.165-256.2006","article-title":"Real-time PCR in clinical microbiology: applications for routine laboratory testing","volume":"19","author":"Espy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200508000-00005","article-title":"Bacterial plurality as a general mechanism driving persistence in chronic infections","volume":"437","author":"Ehrlich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402113000076?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402113000076?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T13:54:02Z","timestamp":1715090042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1871402113000076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1871402113000076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2013.02.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-4021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-4021","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}