{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T07:33:40Z","timestamp":1782891220899,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T08:24:45Z","timestamp":1545207885000},"page":"882-888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Fibroblast growth factor 21 association with subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Saeed","family":"Yafei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fathy","family":"Elsewy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ayman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Shafei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040","volume":"128","author":"Ogurtsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aogh.2015.12.011","article-title":"Epidemiology of and risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Egypt","volume":"81","author":"Hegazi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/35025203","article-title":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"407","author":"Lusis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182051bab","article-title":"ACCF\/AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"122","author":"Greenland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.11.014","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in cardiovascular risk assessment","volume":"7","author":"Naqvi","year":"2014","journal-title":"JaCC Cardiovasc Imag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2017.028","article-title":"Pulse wave analysis and diabetes mellitus. A systematic review","volume":"161","author":"Gajdova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.023","article-title":"Arterial stiffness in diabetes mellitus","volume":"238","author":"Prenner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4781(00)00067-1","article-title":"Identification of a novel FGF, FGF-21, preferentially expressed in the liver","volume":"1492","author":"Nishimura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00107","article-title":"FGF21 as a hepatokine, adipokine, and myokine in metabolism and diseases","volume":"5","author":"Itoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.11.033","article-title":"The role of fibroblast growth factor 21 in atherosclerosis","volume":"257","author":"Kokkinos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.301599","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor-21 levels are associated with carotid atherosclerosis independent of established cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"33","author":"Chow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015534","article-title":"Serum levels of FGF-21 are increased in coronary heart disease patients and are independently associated with adverse lipid profile","volume":"5","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.01.004","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 was elevated in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was associated with the presence of carotid artery plaques","volume":"96","author":"An","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0229-9","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"14","author":"Xiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2007.00757.x","article-title":"Methodological considerations of ultrasound measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness and lumen diameter","volume":"27","author":"Wikstrand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318276fbcb","article-title":"Measurement and interpretation of the ankle-brachial index: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"126","author":"Aboyans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7120-9-13","article-title":"Doppler ultrasound in the measurement of pulse wave velocity: agreement with the Complior method","volume":"9","author":"Calabia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000033","article-title":"Recommendations for improving and standardizing vascular research on arterial stiffness: a scientific statement from the American heart association","volume":"66","author":"Townsend","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc","article-title":"ESH\/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European society of hypertension (ESH) and of the European society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"31","author":"Mancia","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib20","article-title":"Role of circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 measurement in primary prevention of coronary heart disease among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3458-7","article-title":"The relationship of fibroblast growth factor 21 with cardiovascular outcome events in the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes study","volume":"58","author":"Ong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.01.017","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 in cardio-metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Lakhani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23606","article-title":"FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator","volume":"115","author":"Kharitonenkov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2016.40.1.22","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects against atherosclerosis via fine-tuning the multiorgan crosstalk","volume":"40","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib25","first-page":"3417","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 as a possible endogenous factor inhibits apoptosis in cardiac endothelial cells","volume":"123","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3630-8","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects the heart from apoptosis in a diabetic mouse model via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2-dependent signalling pathway","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015308","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 prevents atherosclerosis by suppression of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and induction of adiponectin in mice","volume":"131","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3652-2","article-title":"Relationship of fibroblast growth factor 21 with baseline and new on-study microvascular disease in the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes study","volume":"58","author":"Ong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0190-7","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels is associated with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease in Chinese female diabetic patients","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.41731","article-title":"Low plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 in patients with peripheral artery disease","volume":"25","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4886","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2308","article-title":"Association between serum fibroblast growth factor 21 and mortality among patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"101","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04078.x","article-title":"Effects of a three-month combined exercise programme on fibroblast growth factor 21 and fetuin-A levels and arterial stiffness in obese women","volume":"75","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1476","article-title":"Serum FGF21 levels are increased in obesity and are independently associated with the metabolic syndrome in humans","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12134","article-title":"Serum FGF21 concentration is associated with hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and pericardial fat accumulation, independently of obesity, but not with current coronary artery status","volume":"80","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.02.034","article-title":"Serum FGF21 levels are increased in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and associated with hsCRP levels independently","volume":"93","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib36","first-page":"50","article-title":"Evaluation of concentrations of FGF-21 - a new adipocytokine in type 2 diabetes","volume":"61","author":"Matuszek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4701","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2267","article-title":"Long-term fenofibrate therapy increases fibroblast growth factor 21 and retinol-binding protein 4 in subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"97","author":"Ong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-017-0730-5","article-title":"The potential role of fibroblast growth factor 21 in lipid metabolism and hypertension","volume":"19","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.08.005","article-title":"The effects of LY2405319, an FGF21 analog, in obese human subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"18","author":"Gaich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.02.001","article-title":"A\u00a0long-acting FGF21 molecule, PF-05231023, decreases body weight and improves lipid profile in non-human primates and type 2 diabetic subjects","volume":"23","author":"Talukdar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12095","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 as an emerging metabolic regulator: clinical perspectives","volume":"78","author":"Woo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib42","first-page":"110","article-title":"The FGF21-adiponectin axis in controlling energy and vascular homeostasis","volume":"8","author":"Hui","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.03.019","article-title":"Distinct association of serum FGF21 or adiponectin levels with clinical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"89","author":"Eto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.932602","article-title":"Evaluation of total adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein and fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in individuals with metabolic syndrome","volume":"63","author":"Novotny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Res"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402118305538?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402118305538?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T05:31:24Z","timestamp":1605677484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1871402118305538"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1871402118305538"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-4021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-4021","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 association with subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.12.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}