{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T12:47:04Z","timestamp":1772282824445,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T01:38:01Z","timestamp":1627263481000},"page":"102225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Diabetic foot self-care practice in women with diabetes in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Aalaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8316-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Yarmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1754-3450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Aghaei Meybodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Qorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossien","family":"Adibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faride","family":"Razi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Mehrdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Sanjari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2016.1231932","article-title":"Global epidemiology of diabetic foot ulceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108113","article-title":"Long term outcomes after incident diabetic foot ulcer: multicenter large cohort prospective study (EDI-FOCUS investigators) epidemiology of diabetic foot complications study: epidemiology of diabetic foot complications study","volume":"162","author":"Rastogi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib3","article-title":"Diagnosis of infection in the foot in diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Senneville","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.05.018","article-title":"Complications of type 2 diabetes in Iranian population: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Moradi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13461","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13379-z","article-title":"Diabetes in Iran: prospective analysis from first nationwide diabetes report of national program for prevention and control of diabetes (NPPCD-2016)","volume":"7","author":"Esteghamati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8335-3","article-title":"Urban-rural disparity in lower extremities amputation in patients with diabetes after nearly two decades of universal health Insurance in Taiwan","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13680","article-title":"Diabetes-related lower-extremity complications are a leading cause of the global burden of disability","author":"Lazzarini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib8","author":"Powers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Educat"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2694","article-title":"International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot. The 2015 IWGDF guidance documents on prevention and management of foot problems in diabetes: development of an evidence-based global consensus","volume":"32","author":"Bakker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2019.06.003","article-title":"Foot self-care in diabetes mellitus: evaluation of patient awareness","volume":"13","author":"Y\u0131lmaz Karada\u011f","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cost and mortality data of a regional limb salvage and hyperbaric medicine program for Wagner Grade 3 or 4 diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"43","author":"Eggert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Undersea Hyperb Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2695","article-title":"International working group on the diabetic foot. Prevention and management of foot problems in diabetes: a summary guidance for daily practice 2015, based on the IWGDF guidance documents","volume":"32","author":"Schaper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_163_18","article-title":"Knowledge and practice about the foot care and the prevalence of the neuropathy among a sample of type 2 diabetic patients in Erbil, Iraq","volume":"7","author":"Saber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib14","first-page":"17","article-title":"Assessment of knowledge and practices of diabetic patients regarding diabetic foot care, in Makkah, Saudi Arabia","volume":"3","author":"Goweda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Fam Med Health Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v8i1.1170","article-title":"Awareness of diabetic foot disease amongst patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the chronic outpatients department at a regional hospital in Durban, South Africa","volume":"8","author":"Goie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2014.11.001","article-title":"Validation and psychometric analysis of the diabetic foot self-care questionnaire of the University of Malaga, Spain (DFSQ-UMA)","volume":"24","author":"Navarro-Flores","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Tissue Viability"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.03.008","article-title":"Health literacy, knowledge and self-care behaviors to take care of diabetic foot in low-income individuals: application of extended parallel process model","volume":"13","author":"Lael-Monfared","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.14740\/jem388e","article-title":"Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice","volume":"6","author":"Solan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-016-0316-x","article-title":"Narrative review of women's health in Iran: challenges and successes","volume":"15","author":"Joulaei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib20","first-page":"153","article-title":"The effectiveness of a peer coaching education on control and management of type 2 diabetes in women: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Aalaa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v2i1.175","article-title":"Knowledge of and attitude to foot care amongst Type 2 diabetes patients attending a university-based primary care clinic in Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Ekore","year":"2010","journal-title":"African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2003.10.014","article-title":"Knowledge and practice of foot care in people with diabetes","volume":"64","author":"Pollock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib23","series-title":"Multivariate statistical methods: a primer","author":"Manly","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploratory factor analysis: current use, methodological developments and recommendations for good practice","author":"Goretzko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib25","first-page":"3730875","article-title":"Evaluating the effect of knowledge, attitude, and practice on self-management in type 2 diabetic patients on dialysis","volume":"2016","author":"Ghannadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib26","first-page":"279","article-title":"Factors associated with health literacy and self-care behaviors among Iranian diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Moeini","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Commun Healthc"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15215","article-title":"Factors related to self-care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-7599.12017","article-title":"Health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"25","author":"Bohanny","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Assoc Nurse Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-4903-y","article-title":"Foot self-care behavior and its predictors in diabetic patients in Indonesia","volume":"13","author":"Sari","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.06.016","article-title":"Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot care in Sudan: a cross sectional survey","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-04832-y","article-title":"The role of health literacy in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and glycemic control: a meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Marciano","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib32","first-page":"2","article-title":"Self-efficacy of foot care behaviour of elderly patients with diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Ahmad Sharoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays Fam Physician"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020647","article-title":"How do type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related complications and socioeconomic factors impact direct medical costs? A cross-sectional study in rural Southeast China","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-138","article-title":"The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ): development and evaluation of an instrument to assess diabetes self-care activities associated with glycaemic control","volume":"11","author":"Schmitt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S186758","article-title":"The role of concordant and discordant comorbidities on performance of self-care behaviors in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Aga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-017-1035-5","article-title":"Self-care, quality of life and clinical outcomes of type 2 diabetes patients: an observational cross-sectional study","volume":"54","author":"Ausili","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721716654008","article-title":"A\u00a0cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms and diabetes self-care in african Americans and hispanics\/latinos with diabetes: the role of self-efficacy","volume":"42","author":"Hernandez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Educat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib38","first-page":"471","article-title":"Depression influences the quality of diabetes-related self-management activities in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Mut-Vitcu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01302-z","article-title":"Association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviors in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"9","author":"Shrestha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2017.11.004","article-title":"Does insulin therapy matter? Determinants of diabetes care outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Andersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225_bib41","first-page":"553","article-title":"Diabetes self-care management practices among insulin-taking patients","volume":"23","author":"Gharaibeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Res Nurs"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402121002459?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402121002459?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T09:17:52Z","timestamp":1761729472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1871402121002459"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1871402121002459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-4021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-4021","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diabetic foot self-care practice in women with diabetes in Iran","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.102225","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Diabetes India.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102225"}}