{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:15:56Z","timestamp":1773832556218,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,2]],"date-time":"2024-11-02T17:32:57Z","timestamp":1730568777000},"page":"103145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gestational diabetes mellitus - Neonatal and maternal outcomes in women treated with insulin or diet: A propensity matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sunil S.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shlok S.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Chawla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kavita S.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parvinder R.","family":"Bamrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rutul A.","family":"Gokalani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108642","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus when implementing the IADPSG criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"172","author":"Saeedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109050","article-title":"IDF diabetes Atlas: estimation of global and regional gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence for 2021 by international association of diabetes in pregnancy study group's criteria","volume":"183","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib3","unstructured":"IDF South-East Asia. Diabetes in SEA 2021 [Internet]. Belgium: IDF. c2023 [updated 2023; cited 2023 Jun. 27]. Available from: https:\/\/idf.org\/our-network\/regions-and-members\/south-east-asia\/."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18024-9","article-title":"National and regional prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in India: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Mantri","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Publ Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib5","first-page":"240","article-title":"Effects of insulin on placental, fetal and maternal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"Arshad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pakistan J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.200","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated with diet, metformin or insulin","volume":"6","author":"Simeonova-Krstevska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"issue":"9 Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.06.005","article-title":"Insulin therapy and its consequences for the mother, foetus, and newborn in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"1864","author":"Subiabre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta, Mol Basis Dis"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8544","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1988563","article-title":"Prevalence of maternal obesity at delivery and association with maternal and neonatal outcomes","volume":"35","author":"Castaneda","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcdhc.2020.546256","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: long-term consequences for the mother and child grand challenge: how to move on towards secondary prevention?","volume":"1","author":"Sheiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Clin Diabetes Healthc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1586\/17474108.3.1.73","article-title":"Current management of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Menato","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expet Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4863.161331","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes: a retrospective cohort study from Southern India","volume":"4","author":"Sreelakshmi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042973","article-title":"Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes","volume":"352","author":"Crowther","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0902430","article-title":"A multicenter, randomized trial of treatment for mild gestational diabetes","volume":"361","author":"Landon","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nutrition management of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"Kapur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v6.i8.1033","article-title":"Exercise guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"Padayachee","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0102","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and diet: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the impact of modified dietary interventions on maternal glucose control and neonatal birth weight","volume":"41","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib17","first-page":"S282","article-title":"15. Management of diabetes in pregnancy: Standards of care in diabetes-2024","volume":"47","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2023.2250005","article-title":"Differences in neonatal adverse outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus managed by diet or medication: a propensity score matched analysis of a population-based sample","volume":"39","author":"Mnatzaganian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4882061","article-title":"Exercise-diet therapy combined with insulin Aspart injection for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: a study on clinical effect and its impact","volume":"2022","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput Math Methods Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41387-021-00173-0","article-title":"Prediction of insulin treatment in women with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Eleftheriades","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib21","series-title":"National guidelines for diagnosis & management of gestational diabetes mellitus","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib22","series-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy [Internet]","year":"2013"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation","volume":"15","author":"Alberti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-016-0136-4","article-title":"Neonatal and obstetric outcomes in diet- and insulin-treated women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study","volume":"16","author":"Koning","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2023-0170","article-title":"Advanced maternal age (AMA) and 75 g oGTT glucose levels are pedictors for insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes (GDM)","volume":"51","author":"Koenigbauer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib26","article-title":"Screening for gestational diabetes in low-risk women: effect of maternal age","volume":"34","author":"Kalok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Invest"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6936","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18136936","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk for declared family history of diabetes, in combination with BMI categories","volume":"18","author":"Lewandowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2016.12.016","article-title":"Family history of diabetes and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Moosazadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metabol Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.799625","article-title":"Impact of prepregnancy overweight and obesity on treatment modality and pregnancy outcome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Linder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-017-2269-0","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): relationship between higher cutoff values for 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin requirement during pregnancy","volume":"21","author":"Ares","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1424820","article-title":"Can we stratify the risk for insulin need in women diagnosed early with gestational diabetes by fasting blood glucose?","volume":"32","author":"Souza","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib32","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"377","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3364","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14163364","article-title":"Diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus is an underestimated risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: a Swedish population-based cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Valgeirsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.183469","article-title":"Comparison of maternal and fetal outcomes among Asian Indian pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus: a situational analysis study (WINGS-3)","volume":"20","author":"Mahalakshmi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2011.01329.x","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: who requires insulin therapy?","volume":"51","author":"Wong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0048","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia following diet-controlled and insulin-treated gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"41","author":"Voormolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.01.024","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome (HAPO) study: preeclampsia","volume":"202","author":"Yogev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2003-0211","article-title":"Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia may be associated with insulin requirement in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"55","author":"Topalo\u011flu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib39","first-page":"29","article-title":"Relationship between hypothyroidism and gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"28","author":"Moosazadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Metabol Diabetes S Afr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2023.05.003","article-title":"Association of a pro-inflammatory diet and gestational diabetes mellitus with maternal anemia and hemoglobin levels during pregnancy: a prospective observational case-control study","volume":"115","author":"Hayashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Res"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &amp; Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402124002066?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871402124002066?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:30:21Z","timestamp":1733790621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1871402124002066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1871402124002066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-4021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-4021","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gestational diabetes mellitus - Neonatal and maternal outcomes in women treated with insulin or diet: A propensity matched analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.103145","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Research Trust of DiabetesIndia (DiabetesIndia) and National Diabetes Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103145"}}