{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T12:03:04Z","timestamp":1785585784905,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","earlyhumandevelopment.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Human Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,30]],"date-time":"2015-11-30T22:01:15Z","timestamp":1448920875000},"page":"45-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Using cluster analysis to provide new insights into development of very low birthweight (VLBW) premature infants"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Gail S.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.M.","family":"Foran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baptiste","family":"Barbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. Mark","family":"Sossin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Perlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2011.06.011","article-title":"Outcomes of preterm infants: morbidity replaces mortality","volume":"38","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2014.10.027","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcome after extreme prematurity: a review of the literature","volume":"52","author":"Jarjour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2007.05.004","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral outcomes following very preterm birth","volume":"12","author":"Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2816","article-title":"Meta-analysis of neurobehavioral outcomes in very preterm and\/or very low birth weight children","volume":"124","author":"Aarnoudse-Moens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.6.728","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-aged children who were born preterm. A meta-analysis","volume":"288","author":"Bhutta","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.156.6.615","article-title":"Pattern of learning disabilities in children with extremely low birth weight and broadly average intelligence","volume":"156","author":"Grunau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F224","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2002.019752","article-title":"Neurocognitive outcome after very preterm birth","volume":"89","author":"Marlow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1728","article-title":"Language function in preterm-born children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Van Noort-van der Spek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12585","article-title":"Children born extremely preterm show significant lower cognitive, language and motor function levels compared with children born at term, as measured by the Bayley\u2014III at 2.5years","volume":"103","author":"Mansson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0050","series-title":"Connecting early language and literacy to later reading (dis)abilities: evidence, theory, and practice","author":"Scarborough","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.38.6.934","article-title":"Oral language and code-related precursors to reading. Evidence from a longitudinal structural model","volume":"38","author":"Storch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F423","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.093674","article-title":"Behavioral and emotional problems in very preterm and very low birthweight infants at age 5","volume":"91","author":"Reijneveld","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e31819e6a16","article-title":"Behavioral outcomes of extremely low birth weight children at age 8","volume":"30","author":"Hack","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0070","first-page":"453","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children: longitudinal findings at age 11years in the EPICure study","volume":"49","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949703000607","article-title":"Academic underachievement in ADHD subtypes","volume":"30","author":"Marshall","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Learn Disabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-9091(98)80019-3","article-title":"The vulnerable preschool child: the impact of biomedical and social risks on neurodevelopmental function","volume":"5","author":"Msall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.9.1124","article-title":"Impact of bronchopumonary dysplasia, brain injury, and severe retinopathy on the outcome of extremely low-birth-weight infants at 18months: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms","volume":"289","author":"Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e358-e357","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3338","article-title":"Impact of sepsis on neurodevelopmental outcome in a Swiss national cohort of extremely premature infants","volume":"128","author":"Schlapbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1183-8","article-title":"Nature or nurture: a systematic review of the effect of socioeconomic status on the developmental and cognitive outcomes of children born preterm","volume":"17","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Matern Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-013-2016-5","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm neonates","volume":"172","author":"Trittman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0105","first-page":"19","article-title":"Preschool language outcomes of children with history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and very low birth weight","volume":"22","author":"Singer","year":"2001","journal-title":"JDBP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.059188","article-title":"Perinatal and postnatal factors in very preterm infants and subsequent cognitive and motor abilities","volume":"90","author":"Cooke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonat Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.979783","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes of premature infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage","volume":"17","author":"Calisici","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.1199","article-title":"Perinatal infections and neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm and very low-birth-weight infants: a meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"van Vliet","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.3786","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely pretern infants at 2.5years after active perinatal care in Sweden","volume":"309","author":"Serenius","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0130","first-page":"426 e1-e9","article-title":"Correlation between initial neonatal and early childhood outcomes following preterm birth","volume":"210","author":"Manuck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gyencol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.6.1216","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, 1993\u20131994","volume":"105","author":"Vohr","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0249","article-title":"National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"11","author":"Ehrenkranz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0145","series-title":"Neurology of the newborn","author":"Volpe","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0150","series-title":"Four-factor index of social status","author":"Hollingshead","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0155","series-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development","author":"Bayley","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0160","series-title":"Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms and profiles. Burlington","author":"Achenbach","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.08.006","article-title":"Attentional problems in children born with very preterm or with extremely low birth weight at 7\u20139","volume":"23","author":"Shum","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0170","first-page":"578","article-title":"Extreme prematurity and attention deficit: epidemiology and prevention","volume":"7","author":"O'Shea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Hum Neuro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0175","series-title":"Cluster analysis","first-page":"71","article-title":"Hierarchical clustering","author":"Everitt","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.049","article-title":"Functional connectivity to a right hemisphere language center in prematurely born adolescents","volume":"51","author":"Myers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.06.007","article-title":"Cortical recruitment patterns in children born prematurely compared with control subjects during a passive listening functional magnetic resonance imaging task","volume":"149","author":"Ment","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-11-88","article-title":"Atypical perceptual narrowing in prematurely born infants is associated with compromised language acquisition at 2years of age","volume":"11","author":"Jansson-Verkasalo","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.1108","article-title":"Late talkers: do good predictors of outcome exist?","volume":"17","author":"Rescorla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2782","article-title":"Late talking and the risk for psychosocial problems during childhood and adolescence","volume":"128","author":"Whitehouse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e152","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3217","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy in Norwegian children","volume":"130","author":"Suren","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0210","series-title":"Review of child development research","first-page":"187","article-title":"Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking causality","author":"Sameroff","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e624","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1566","article-title":"Cognitive outcomes after neonatal encephalopathy","volume":"135","author":"Pappas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005_bb0220","series-title":"Attention-deficit disorders and comorbidities in children, adolescents, and adults","first-page":"231","article-title":"Attention-deficit disorders with learning dis-orders in children and adolescents","author":"Tannock","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["Early Human Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378378215300505?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378378215300505?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]],"date-time":"2018-09-17T04:51:24Z","timestamp":1537159884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378378215300505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0378378215300505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-3782"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-3782","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using cluster analysis to provide new insights into development of very low birthweight (VLBW) premature infants","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Early Human Development","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.11.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}