{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:08:09Z","timestamp":1790687289443,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eating Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,6]],"date-time":"2020-06-06T11:18:54Z","timestamp":1591442334000},"page":"101406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Classification of Orthorexia Nervosa: Further evidence for placement within the eating disorders spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"S.J.","family":"Bartel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.B.","family":"Sherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.R.","family":"Farthing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.H.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.08.001","article-title":"What is the association between obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and eating disorders?","volume":"29","author":"Altman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-016-0280-x","article-title":"The interrelationship between orthorexia nervosa, perfectionism, body image and attachment style","volume":"22","author":"Barnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0015","series-title":"Orthorektisches Ern\u00e4hrungsverhalten. Psychologische Untersuchungen zu einem neuen St\u00f6rungsbild","author":"Barthels","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20931","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the eating disorder examination and eating disorder examination-questionnaire: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"45","author":"Berg","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0025","first-page":"42","article-title":"The health food eating disorder","author":"Bratman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Yoga Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0030","series-title":"Health food junkies. Orthorexia nervosa: Overcoming the obsession with healthful eating","author":"Bratman","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0035","first-page":"55","article-title":"Orthorexia nervosa: An eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder or disturbed eating habit?","volume":"1","author":"Brytek-Matera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-015-0038-2","article-title":"Orthorexia nervosa and self-attitudinal aspects of body image in female and male university students","volume":"3","author":"Brytek-Matera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-018-0570-6","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the English version of the D\u00fcsseldorf Orthorexie Scale (DOS) and the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among a US student sample","volume":"24","author":"Chard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0050","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030697","article-title":"Are the motives for food choices different in orthorexia nervosa and healthy orthorexia?","volume":"11","author":"Depa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03327537","article-title":"Orthorexia nervosa: Validation of a diagnosis questionnaire","volume":"10","author":"Donini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2015.12.006","article-title":"On orthorexia nervosa: A review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria","volume":"21","author":"Dunn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eating Behaviors"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-016-0258-8","article-title":"Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa is less than 1%: Data from a US sample","volume":"22","author":"Dunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2007.00723.x","article-title":"Social physique anxiety and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance impact on orthorexia test in fitness participants","volume":"18","author":"Eriksson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199412)16:4<363::AID-EAT2260160405>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Assessment of eating disorders: Interview or self-report questionnaire?","volume":"16","author":"Fairburn","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0085","series-title":"Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders","first-page":"265","article-title":"Eating disorder examination","author":"Fairburn","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","article-title":"The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Development and validation of a short version","volume":"14","author":"Foa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01172967","article-title":"The dimensions of perfectionism","volume":"14","author":"Frost","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0100","first-page":"1","article-title":"Measuring \u201corthorexia\u201d: Development of the Eating Habits Questionnaire","volume":"12","author":"Gleaves","year":"2013","journal-title":"The International Journal of Educational and Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-88","article-title":"The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Guh","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0110","series-title":"Motivation and the relationship between orthorexia nervosa and depressive symptoms","author":"Haeberle-Savard","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S61665","article-title":"The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: Emerging perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Koven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0120","author":"Lee"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Markovina, J., Stewart-Knox, B. J., Rankin, A., Gibney, M., de Almeida, M. D. V., Fischer, A., \u2026 & Frewer, L. J. (2015). Food4Me study: Validity and reliability of the Food Choice Questionnaire in 9 European countries. Food Quality and Preference, 45, 26\u201332. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodqual.2015.05.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodqual.2015.05.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2019.104512","article-title":"Measuring orthorexia nervosa: A comparison of four self-report questionnaires","volume":"146","author":"Meule","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0135","first-page":"1","article-title":"Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI): Development and validation of a new measure of orthorexic symptomatology","author":"Oberle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-013-0015-1","article-title":"Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q): Norms for US college students","volume":"18","author":"Quick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/sjp.2017.36","article-title":"Measuring orthorexia nervosa: Psychometric limitations of the ORTO-15","volume":"20","author":"Roncero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spanish Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0150","first-page":"e226","article-title":"Orthorexia nervosa: A frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes","volume":"17","author":"Segura-Garc\u00eda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb9000","first-page":"161","article-title":"The prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among eating disorder patients after treatment","volume":"20","author":"Segura-Garc\u00eda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.87.2.245","article-title":"Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix","volume":"87","author":"Steiger","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1006\/appe.1995.0061","article-title":"Development of a measure of the motives underlying the selection of food: The food choice questionnaire","volume":"25","author":"Steptoe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.129","article-title":"Orthorexia nervosa: A behavioral complex or a psychological condition?","volume":"7","author":"Strahler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-013-0026-y","article-title":"Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa","volume":"18","author":"Varga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders: Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000075","article-title":"A contemporary psychometric evaluation of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory\u2014Revised (OCI-R)","volume":"27","author":"Wootton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2018.12.006","article-title":"Disentangling orthorexia nervosa from healthy eating and other eating disorder symptoms: Relationships with clinical impairment, comorbidity, and self-reported food choices","volume":"134","author":"Zickgraf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appetite"}],"container-title":["Eating Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471015320300581?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471015320300581?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T06:43:20Z","timestamp":1761461000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471015320300581"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S1471015320300581"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-0153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-0153","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Classification of Orthorexia Nervosa: Further evidence for placement within the eating disorders spectrum","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Eating Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2020.101406","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101406"}}