{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:09:41Z","timestamp":1792670981429,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101003653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003653"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["EBioMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,10]],"date-time":"2021-01-10T06:11:02Z","timestamp":1610259062000},"page":"103197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicits neutralizing antibodies and CD4 T cell responses after a single immunization in mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-4229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"W\u00f8rzner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Sheward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe Tandrup","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Hanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"McInerney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunilla B.","family":"Karlsson Hedestam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Murrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6872-3975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Kristian","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00131-10","article-title":"Correlates of protection induced by vaccination","volume":"17","author":"Plotkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9939","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01048-13","article-title":"Identification of a receptor-binding domain in the S protein of the novel human coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an essential target for vaccine development","volume":"87","author":"Du","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3197","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C300520200","article-title":"A 193-amino acid fragment of the SARS coronavirus S protein efficiently binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2","volume":"279","author":"Wong","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.04.023","article-title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity in COVID-19 Convalescent Individuals","volume":"52","author":"Ni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-020-0480-y","article-title":"Structural basis for the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by an antibody from a convalescent patient","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6506","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc7520","article-title":"Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model","volume":"369","author":"Rogers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.025","article-title":"Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of convalescent patients' B Cells","volume":"182","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7819","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2381-y","article-title":"A human neutralizing antibody targets the receptor-binding site of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"584","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.015","article-title":"Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals","volume":"181","author":"Grifoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd2071","article-title":"Phenotype and kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Weiskopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aay5552","article-title":"Long-lived T follicular helper cells retain plasticity and help sustain humoral immunity","volume":"5","author":"Kunzli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20121517","article-title":"Revealing the role of CD4(+) T cells in viral immunity","volume":"209","author":"Sant","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2022483","article-title":"An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 - preliminary report","author":"Jackson","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"555","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abc9396","article-title":"An Alphavirus-derived replicon RNA vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in mice and nonhuman primates","volume":"12","author":"Erasmus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc6284","article-title":"DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16505-0","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine candidate for COVID-19","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0017","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024671","article-title":"Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates","author":"Corbett","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6499","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc1932","article-title":"Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2","volume":"369","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-007-0071-6","article-title":"Understanding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine-enhanced disease","volume":"39","author":"Castilow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35421","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035421","article-title":"Immunization with SARS coronavirus vaccines leads to pulmonary immunopathology on challenge with the SARS virus","volume":"7","author":"Tseng","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7821","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2538-8","article-title":"A perspective on potential antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"584","author":"Arvin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2026920","article-title":"Phase 1-2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine","author":"Keech","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0024","series-title":"SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit vaccination elicits potent neutralizing antibody responses","author":"Mandolesi","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2018.05.001","article-title":"Correlates of adjuvanticity: a review on adjuvants in licensed vaccines","author":"Del Giudice","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"issue":"85","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002336","article-title":"MF59 adjuvant enhances diversity and affinity of antibody-mediated immune response to pandemic influenza vaccines","volume":"3","author":"Khurana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.06.049","article-title":"Relationship between the strength of antigen adsorption to an aluminum-containing adjuvant and the immune response","volume":"25","author":"Hansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-018-0089-x","article-title":"Optimizing the utilization of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines: you might just get what you want","volume":"3","author":"HogenEsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0753-3","article-title":"Engineered immunogen binding to alum adjuvant enhances humoral immunity","volume":"26","author":"Moyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.02.001","article-title":"Adsorption onto aluminum hydroxide adjuvant protects antigens from degradation","volume":"38","author":"Colaprico","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2622-0","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine design enabled by prototype pathogen preparedness","author":"Corbett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6483","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb2507","article-title":"Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation","volume":"367","author":"Wrapp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30279-8","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of the chlamydia vaccine candidate CTH522 adjuvanted with CAF01 liposomes or aluminium hydroxide: a first-in-human, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial","volume":"19","author":"Abraham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.10.036","article-title":"A novel liposomal adjuvant system, CAF01, promotes long-lived Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T-cell responses in human","volume":"32","author":"van Dissel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2005.10.011","article-title":"Characterization of cationic liposomes based on dimethyldioctadecylammonium and synthetic cord factor from M. tuberculosis (trehalose 6,6 '-dibehenate) - a novel adjuvant inducing both strong CMI and antibody responses","volume":"1718","author":"Davidsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bba-Biomembranes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0036","article-title":"Different human vaccine adjuvants promote distinct antigenin-dependent immunological signatures tailored to different pathogens","volume":"6","author":"Knudsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep-Uk"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv137","article-title":"Protection Against Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Upper Genital Tract Pathological Changes by Vaccine-Promoted Neutralizing Antibodies Directed to the VD4 of the Major Outer Membrane Protein","volume":"212","author":"Olsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2013.11.022","article-title":"Optimization and validation of the TZM-bl assay for standardized assessments of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1","volume":"409","author":"Sarzotti-Kelsoe","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4420","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18174-5","article-title":"An alpaca nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by blocking receptor interaction","volume":"11","author":"Hanke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2020.03.007","article-title":"Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Human Coronaviruses","volume":"41","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2665-2","article-title":"Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions","author":"Ke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202000121","article-title":"Physicochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2 for drug targeting, virus inactivation and attenuation, vaccine formulation and quality control","volume":"41","author":"Scheller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0043","series-title":"Expanded Programme on I. Manual for the production and control of vaccines: pertussis vaccine. Geneva:","author":"Organization","year":"1977"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22284","article-title":"Vaccines with aluminum-containing adjuvants: optimizing vaccine efficacy and thermal stability","volume":"100","author":"Clapp","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.07.019","article-title":"Control of antigen-binding to aluminum adjuvants and the immune response with a novel phosphonate linker","volume":"31","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.078","article-title":"Effect of the strength of adsorption of hepatitis B surface antigen to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant on the immune response","volume":"27","author":"Hansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606050113","article-title":"Sustained antigen availability during germinal center initiation enhances antibody responses to vaccination","volume":"113","author":"Tam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.024","article-title":"Germinal center B cell and T follicular helper cell development initiates in the interfollicular zone","volume":"34","author":"Kerfoot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"2302","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0049","article-title":"Vaccine adjuvants differentially affect kinetics of antibody and germinal center responses","volume":"11","author":"Pedersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120955","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants despite prior administration of antigenic inactivated vaccine","volume":"89","author":"Kim","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02980-14","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus vaccines formulated with delta inulin adjuvants provide enhanced protection while ameliorating lung eosinophilic immunopathology","volume":"89","author":"Honda-Okubo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0052","first-page":"9","article-title":"Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and their potential for therapeutic passive immunization","author":"Klasse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc7520","article-title":"Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model","author":"Rogers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3152","article-title":"Expanding roles for CD4(+) T cells in immunity to viruses","volume":"12","author":"Swain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12201","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06048-11","article-title":"A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge","volume":"85","author":"Bolles","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.08.065","article-title":"Overcoming CD4 Th1 Cell Fate Restrictions to Sustain Antiviral CD8 T cells and control persistent virus infection","volume":"16","author":"Snell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017011411","article-title":"Innate transcriptional effects by adjuvants on the magnitude, quality, and durability of HIV envelope responses in NHPs","volume":"1","author":"Francica","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"85","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002336","article-title":"MF59 adjuvant enhances diversity and affinity of antibody-mediated immune response to pandemic influenza vaccines","volume":"3","author":"Khurana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129520","article-title":"Selective induction of antibody effector functional responses using MF59-adjuvanted vaccination","volume":"130","author":"Boudreau","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1707304114","article-title":"Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen","volume":"114","author":"Pallesen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0061","article-title":"Neutralizing antibodies responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30076-X","article-title":"Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"10223","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0323-4","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine design: the Janus face of immune enhancement","volume":"20","author":"Hotez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3579","article-title":"Regulation of autoantibody activity by the IL-23-TH17 axis determines the onset of autoimmune disease","volume":"18","author":"Pfeifle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"}],"container-title":["EBioMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396420305739?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396420305739?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T19:02:51Z","timestamp":1762455771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352396420305739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S2352396420305739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-3964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicits neutralizing antibodies and CD4 T cell responses after a single immunization in mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"EBioMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103197","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103197"}}