{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:30:15Z","timestamp":1786987815863,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eBioMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T07:35:29Z","timestamp":1700206529000},"page":"104877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nicotinamide mononucleotide impacts HIV-1 infection by modulating immune activation in T lymphocytes and humanized mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Yufei","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lok Yan","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runhong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3137-6736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunhao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiaoli","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsz-Yat","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Chung-Yan","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huarong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Yu Hubert","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youqiang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4511-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9939","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60164-1","article-title":"HIV infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"384","author":"Maartens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1086\/695852","article-title":"The absence of CD4+ T cell count recovery despite receipt of virologically suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy: clinical risk, immunological gaps, and therapeutic options","volume":"48","author":"Gazzola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1086\/598980","article-title":"Evaluation of the pathogenesis of decreasing CD4(+) T cell counts in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients receiving successfully suppressive antiretroviral therapy","volume":"199","author":"Nies-Kraske","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib4","first-page":"155","article-title":"Failure of CD4+ T-cell recovery upon Virally-effective cART: an enduring gap in the understanding of HIV+ immunological non-responders","volume":"45","author":"Bono","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.04.008","article-title":"Niacin cures systemic NAD(+) deficiency and improves muscle performance in adult-onset mitochondrial myopathy","volume":"31","author":"Pirinen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3199","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation decreases immune activation and exhaustion in HIV-1-infected youth","volume":"23","author":"Eckard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.05.014","article-title":"Effect of baseline micronutrient and inflammation status on CD4 recovery post-cART initiation in the multinational PEARLS trial","volume":"38","author":"Shivakoti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2020.1866846","article-title":"Impact of extended-release niacin on immune activation in HIV-infected immunological non-responders on effective antiretroviral therapy","volume":"21","author":"Lebouch\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"HIV Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0161-5","article-title":"NAD(+) homeostasis in health and disease","volume":"2","author":"Katsyuba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13334","article-title":"Implications of NAD(+) boosters in translational medicine","volume":"50","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2021.111567","article-title":"Preclinical and clinical evidence of NAD(+) precursors in health, disease, and ageing","volume":"199","author":"Reiten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2022.02.001","article-title":"NAD(+) in COVID-19 and viral infections","volume":"43","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00354-w","article-title":"NAD(+) metabolism, stemness, the immune response, and cancer","volume":"6","author":"Navas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.12.035","article-title":"SIRT1 and HIF1\u03b1 signaling in metabolism and immune responses","volume":"418","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15477","article-title":"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism in the immune response, autoimmunity and inflammageing","volume":"179","author":"Navarro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.597959","article-title":"CD38: an immunomodulatory molecule in inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"11","author":"Piedra-Quintero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00311-7","article-title":"NAD(+) metabolism: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"issue":"8a","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14b","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.02.028","article-title":"Niacin use and cutaneous flushing: mechanisms and strategies for prevention","volume":"101","author":"Davidson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.120758","article-title":"NAD+ and vitamin B3: from metabolism to therapies","volume":"324","author":"Sauve","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102439","article-title":"High dose of dietary nicotinamide riboside induces glucose intolerance and white adipose tissue dysfunction in mice fed a mildly obesogenic diet","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01510-17","article-title":"\u03b1(4)\u03b2(7)(+) CD4(+) effector\/effector memory T cells differentiate into productively and latently infected central memory T cells by transforming growth factor \u03b21 during HIV-1 infection","volume":"92","author":"Cheung","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1016","article-title":"Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclear phagocytes","volume":"206","author":"Connor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6705","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.11.6705-6711.1995","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R (Vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34cdc2 activity","volume":"69","author":"He","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.108","article-title":"A\u00a0universal real-time PCR assay for the quantification of group-M HIV-1 proviral load","volume":"3","author":"Malnati","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2016000638","article-title":"Latent human cytomegalovirus enhances HIV-1 infection in CD34(+) progenitor cells","volume":"1","author":"Cheung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96764","article-title":"Tandem bispecific neutralizing antibody eliminates HIV-1 infection in humanized mice","volume":"128","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-016-9654-0","article-title":"Brain invasion by CD4(+) T cells infected with a transmitted\/founder HIV-1BJZS7 during acute stage in humanized mice","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.01.068","article-title":"NAD+ and nicotinamide: sex differences in cerebral ischemia","volume":"237","author":"Siegel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.290","article-title":"The gender gap: discrepant human T-cell reconstitution after cord blood stem cell transplantation in humanized female and male mice","volume":"51","author":"Volk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2012.6","article-title":"Engineering humanized mice for improved hematopoietic reconstitution","volume":"9","author":"Drake","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-295584","article-title":"Sex-related efficiency in NSG mouse engraftment","volume":"116","author":"Martin-Padura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib32","author":"WHO"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-021-00540-5","article-title":"Tolerability and adherence of antiretroviral regimens containing long-acting fusion inhibitor albuvirtide for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis: a cohort study in China","volume":"10","author":"Nie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib34","first-page":"27","article-title":"A\u00a0simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human","volume":"7","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Basic Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.09.013","article-title":"Long-term administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide mitigates age-associated physiological decline in mice","volume":"24","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13055-y","article-title":"Automated optimized parameters for T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding improve visualization and analysis of large datasets","volume":"10","author":"Belkina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0308-4","article-title":"Fast interpolation-based t-SNE for improved visualization of single-cell RNA-seq data","volume":"16","author":"Linderman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22625","article-title":"FlowSOM: using self-organizing maps for visualization and interpretation of cytometry data","volume":"87","author":"Van Gassen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i884","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560","article-title":"fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0201-4","article-title":"Graph-based genome alignment and genotyping with HISAT2 and HISAT-genotype","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu638","article-title":"HTSeq--a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"31","author":"Anders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1945","article-title":"HIV infection decreases intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NAD]","volume":"212","author":"Murray","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1749","article-title":"Nicotinamide inhibits HIV-1 in both acute and chronic in\u00a0vitro infection","volume":"210","author":"Murray","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003161","article-title":"24 hours in the life of HIV-1 in a T cell line","volume":"9","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-019-0494-x","article-title":"Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency","volume":"16","author":"Telwatte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.2.431","article-title":"Monokine regulation of human immunodeficiency virus-1 expression in a chronically\u00a0infected human T cell clone","volume":"142","author":"Clouse","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2004.07.006","article-title":"Comparative analysis of lymphocyte activation marker expression and cytokine secretion profile in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures: an in\u00a0vitro model to monitor cellular immune function","volume":"293","author":"Reddy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5202","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.11.5202","article-title":"Role of CD25+ and CD25-T cells in acute HIV infection in\u00a0vitro","volume":"150","author":"Ramilo","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.112601","article-title":"CCR4 memory CD4+ T lymphocytes are increased in peripheral blood and lesional skin from patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"107","author":"Nakatani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7448","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.11.7448","article-title":"Loss of IL-7 receptor alpha on CD4+ T cells defines terminally differentiated B cell-helping effector T cells in a B cell-rich lymphoid tissue","volume":"179","author":"Lim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaw2707","article-title":"Conversion of antigen-specific effector\/memory T cells into Foxp3-expressing T(reg) cells by inhibition of CDK8\/19","volume":"4","author":"Akamatsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020101200202","article-title":"Differential susceptibility of retroviruses to nucleoside analogues","volume":"12","author":"Rosenblum","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antivir Chem Chemother"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx190","article-title":"HIV-1 non-group M phenotypic susceptibility to integrase strand transfer inhibitors","volume":"72","author":"Alessandri-Gradt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.11.009","article-title":"Approved HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past decade","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903058","article-title":"Peripheral blood CCR4+CCR6+ and CXCR3+CCR6+CD4+ T cells are highly permissive to HIV-1 infection","volume":"184","author":"Gosselin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.06.023","article-title":"Role of regulatory T cells and FOXP3 in human diseases","volume":"120","author":"Bacchetta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636435","article-title":"Transient expression of FOXP3 in human activated nonregulatory CD4+ T cells","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01371-3","article-title":"Profound phenotypic and epigenetic heterogeneity of the HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cell reservoir","volume":"24","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2103692118","article-title":"Shock-and-kill versus block-and-lock: targeting the fluctuating and heterogeneous HIV-1 gene expression","volume":"118","author":"Yeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200306010-00002","article-title":"Incomplete CD4 T cell recovery in HIV-1 infection after 12 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with ongoing increased CD4 T cell activation and turnover","volume":"33","author":"Anthony","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib62","article-title":"HIV-related immune activation and inflammation: current understanding and strategies","volume":"2021","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0844(199709)15:3<171::AID-CBF736>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Apoptotic DNA fragmentation, and its in\u00a0vitro prevention by nicotinamide, in lymphocytes from HIV-1-seropositive patients and in HIV-1-infected MT-4 cells","volume":"15","author":"Savarino","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"}],"container-title":["eBioMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396423004437?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396423004437?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T09:42:20Z","timestamp":1737366140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352396423004437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S2352396423004437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-3964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nicotinamide mononucleotide impacts HIV-1 infection by modulating immune activation in T lymphocytes and humanized mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eBioMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104877","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104877"}}