{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T01:29:45Z","timestamp":1794360585467,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100024172","name":"Schleswig-Holstein","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100024172","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004168","name":"Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CS01-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CS01-2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004168","name":"Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 2167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eBioMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T11:32:50Z","timestamp":1713267170000},"page":"105123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Increased cardiovascular risks and mortality in prurigo nodularis: a global cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0863-7148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henning","family":"Olbrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalaf","family":"Kridin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henner","family":"Zirpel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian D.","family":"Sadik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Terheyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diamant","family":"Tha\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf J.","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Boch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe1916733","article-title":"Breaking the Itch-Scratch Cycle in prurigo nodularis","volume":"382","author":"Kwatra","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.21698","article-title":"Chronic prurigo","volume":"187","author":"Misery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.183","article-title":"Prurigo nodularis: epidemiology and clinical features","volume":"83","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.182","article-title":"Prurigo nodularis: pathogenesis and management","volume":"83","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-020-02046-5","article-title":"Association of prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus with hospitalization for mental health disorders in US adults","volume":"312","author":"Singam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.02.756","article-title":"A\u00a0nationwide study of prurigo nodularis: disease burden and healthcare utilization in the United States","volume":"141","author":"Wongvibulsin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib7","first-page":"S63","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the current management and burden of prurigo nodularis in the United States","volume":"29","author":"Chisolm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.08.020","article-title":"Health-related QOL and economic burden of chronic pruritus","volume":"141","author":"Whang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.09.028","article-title":"Racial disparities in mortality among patients with prurigo nodularis: a multi-center cohort study","volume":"86","author":"Sutaria","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.04.033","article-title":"A\u00a0polygenic risk score for predicting racial and genetic susceptibility to prurigo nodularis","volume":"143","author":"Vasavda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.07.697","article-title":"Real-World prevalence of prurigo nodularis and burden of associated diseases","volume":"140","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02310.x","article-title":"Nodular prurigo: metabolic diseases are a common association","volume":"32","author":"Winhoven","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.04.047","article-title":"Ethnic differences and comorbidities of 909 prurigo nodularis patients","volume":"79","author":"Boozalis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17485","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and presence of comorbidities in patients with prurigo and pruritus in Germany: a population-based claims data analysis","volume":"35","author":"Augustin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.06.045","article-title":"Prevalence and comorbidity burden of prurigo nodularis in United States adults enrolled in the All of Us research program","volume":"89","author":"Joel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v103.8488","article-title":"Psychopathology associated with chronic pruritus: a systematic review","volume":"103","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4130","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084130","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of atopic dermatitis pathogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Sroka-Tomaszewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2023911","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"384","author":"St\u00e4nder","year":"2021","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1659479","article-title":"Dupilumab and prurigo nodularis-like phenotype in atopic dermatitis: our experience of efficacy","volume":"32","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib20","first-page":"97","article-title":"Diagnostic workup and evaluation of patients with prurigo nodularis","volume":"6","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicines (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-022-00782-2","article-title":"Prurigo nodularis: a review of IL-31ra blockade and other potential treatments","volume":"12","author":"Bewley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02320-9","article-title":"Dupilumab in patients with prurigo nodularis: two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials","volume":"29","author":"Yosipovitch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101826","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vixarelimab, a human monoclonal oncostatin M receptor \u03b2 antibody, in moderate-to-severe prurigo nodularis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a study","volume":"57","author":"Sofen","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908316","article-title":"Trial of nemolizumab in moderate-to-severe prurigo nodularis","volume":"382","author":"St\u00e4nder","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooad035","article-title":"A\u00a0global federated real-world data and analytics platform for research","volume":"6","author":"Palchuk","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMIA Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18700","article-title":"Mortality in eight autoimmune bullous diseases: a global large-scale retrospective cohort study","volume":"37","author":"Boch","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.10.031","article-title":"Isotretinoin and the risk of psychiatric disturbances: a global study shedding new light on a debatable story","volume":"88","author":"Kridin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104639","article-title":"Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is associated with an increased risk of cardiac and vascular diseases: a large-scale, propensity-matched global retrospective cohort study","volume":"93","author":"Olbrich","year":"2023","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15795-5","article-title":"Prevalence of cardiovascular disease among Asian, Pacific Islander and multi-race populations in Hawai'i and California","volume":"23","author":"Waitzfelder","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-04058-2","article-title":"Impact of congenital heart disease on outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection","volume":"23","author":"Ghimire","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.060","article-title":"Comparison of propensity score methods and covariate adjustment: evaluation in 4 cardiovascular studies","volume":"69","author":"Elze","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579","article-title":"General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"117","author":"D'Agostino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib33","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Machine Learning Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-015-0141-4","article-title":"Management of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Lindhardsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102211","article-title":"Psoriasis and cardiovascular comorbidities: focusing on severe vascular events, cardiovascular risk factors and implications for treatment","volume":"18","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15091101","article-title":"Looking beyond the skin: pathophysiology of cardiovascular comorbidity in psoriasis and the protective role of biologics","volume":"15","author":"And\u00fajar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15426","article-title":"The impact of type 2 immunity and allergic diseases in atherosclerosis","volume":"77","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Gallego","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1281302","article-title":"Accurate diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid requires multiple health care visits","volume":"14","author":"Leisti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3107","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14859","article-title":"Vascular inflammation in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis is associated with enhanced Th2 response","volume":"76","author":"Villani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.02.004","article-title":"Racial differences in dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with prurigo nodularis","volume":"105","author":"Sutaria","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib41","first-page":"00021","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals dysregulated POSTN+WNT5A+ fibroblast subclusters in prurigo nodularis","volume":"S0022-202X","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12967","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of cardiovascular disease","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123_bib43","first-page":"12267","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and skin disorders: a comprehensive review of the available literature","volume":"24","author":"Guarneri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"}],"container-title":["eBioMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396424001580?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352396424001580?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T19:36:11Z","timestamp":1778873771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352396424001580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S2352396424001580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-3964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased cardiovascular risks and mortality in prurigo nodularis: a global cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eBioMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105123"}}