{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:30:04Z","timestamp":1786987804636,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12TR004522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12TR004522"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005400","name":"American Society of Echocardiography","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007856","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","onlinejase.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T17:00:02Z","timestamp":1767027602000},"page":"410-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Left Atrial Strain in Pediatric Cardiology: Evidence to Date and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Aparna","family":"Panatpur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donnchadh Martin","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candice S.","family":"Vacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh B.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8256-1535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tam T.","family":"Doan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.000175","article-title":"Interpretation of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with cardiomyopathy by echocardiography: problems and limitations","volume":"6","author":"Dragulescu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.10.055","article-title":"Left atrial size and function","volume":"63","author":"Hoit","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.03.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography and for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction diagnosis: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography","volume":"38","author":"Nagueh","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.124.016896","article-title":"Left atrial conduit volume provides insights into left ventricular diastolic function","volume":"17","author":"Nagueh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.07.007","article-title":"Clinical applications of strain echocardiography: a clinical consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiography developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardiovascular imaging of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"38","author":"Thomas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-76411-z","article-title":"Normal ranges of left atrial phasic strains and strain rates by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Davarpasand","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2012.12.016","article-title":"Functional maturation of left and right atrial systolic and diastolic performance in infants, children, and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Kutty","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-020-01594-0","article-title":"Normal reference values for left atrial strains and strain rates in school children assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography","volume":"35","author":"Jimbo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey042","article-title":"Standardization of left atrial, right ventricular, and right atrial deformation imaging using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography: a consensus document of the EACVI\/ASE\/industry task force to standardize deformation imaging","volume":"19","author":"Badano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14111093","article-title":"Left atrial strain: state of the art and clinical implications","volume":"14","author":"Javadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.10.016","article-title":"Atrial strain assessment in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction","volume":"11","author":"Backhaus","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.870014","article-title":"Cardiac computed tomography-derived left atrial strain and volume in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: a comparative analysis with transthoracic echocardiography","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu184","article-title":"Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: consensus document of the EACVI\/ASE\/industry task force to standardize deformation imaging","volume":"16","author":"Voigt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.10.011","article-title":"Left atrial volumes and strain in healthy children measured by three-dimensional echocardiography: normal values and maturational changes","volume":"31","author":"Ghelani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeab201","article-title":"Normal values and reference ranges for left atrial strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography: the Copenhagen city heart study","volume":"23","author":"Nielsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15244","article-title":"Pediatric ranges of normality for 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography atrial strain: differences between p- and r-gating and among new (Atrial Designed) and conventional (Ventricular Specific) software\u2019s","volume":"38","author":"Marchese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02298-w","article-title":"Atrial function in the Fontan circulation: comparison with invasively assessed systemic ventricular filling pressure","volume":"37","author":"Veldtman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-020-02484-y","article-title":"Atrial reservoir strain is associated with decreased cardiac index and adverse outcomes post Fontan operation","volume":"42","author":"Peck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-020-02435-7","article-title":"The influence of atrial strain on functional capacity in patients with the Fontan circulation","volume":"41","author":"Rato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-022-02992-z","article-title":"Diastolic function and left atrial strain in young patients with history of aortic coarctation repair","volume":"44","author":"Lemos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02302-3","article-title":"Impairment of left atrial function in pediatric patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"37","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12611","article-title":"Atrial mechanics after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"32","author":"Hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951114002108","article-title":"Assessment of inter-atrial, inter-ventricular, and atrio-ventricular interactions in tetralogy of Fallot patients after surgical correction. Insights from two-dimensional speckle tracking and three-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"25","author":"Abd El Rahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72175-8","article-title":"Abnormal left atrial strain and left atrial stiffness index are associated with adverse outcomes in children with cardiomyopathies: a pilot study","volume":"14","author":"\u0141uczak-Wo\u017aniak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2021.04.014","article-title":"Left atrial strain and function in pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"34","author":"Jhaveri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-020-04884-x","article-title":"Diagnostic value of left atrial strain in pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with normal maximum left atrial volume index: preliminary cardiac magnetic resonance study","volume":"51","author":"Alis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8081243","article-title":"Left atrial strain to identify diastolic dysfunction in children with cardiomyopathies","volume":"8","author":"Sabatino","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2019.11.004","article-title":"Left atrial strain correlates with elevated filling pressures in pediatric heart transplantation recipients","volume":"33","author":"Loar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2020.04.029","article-title":"Altered biatrial phasic function after heart transplantation in children","volume":"33","author":"Parthiban","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12679","article-title":"Left atrial deformation predicts pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in pediatric heart transplant recipients","volume":"32","author":"Yeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2023.05.005","article-title":"Diastolic function assessment with left atrial strain in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"77","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Avil\u00e9s","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-020-01970-x","article-title":"Assessing the left atrium of childhood cancer survivors","volume":"37","author":"Loar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1163664","article-title":"Assessment of left heart dysfunction to predict doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in children with lymphoma","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.07.027","article-title":"Left atrial size and function in patients with congenital aortic valve stenosis","volume":"122","author":"Shakti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-5276.19.05459-8","article-title":"Left atrial subclinical dysfunction in children with Kawasaki disease: a two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography study","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.11.012","article-title":"Clinical utility of left atrial strain in children in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease","volume":"31","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-024-03417-9","article-title":"Left atrial strain in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and associations with systemic inflammation and cardiac injury","volume":"45","author":"Jepson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-022-03021-9","article-title":"Clinical predictors of subacute myocardial dysfunction in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19","volume":"45","author":"McAree","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jead087","article-title":"Left atrial stiffness and strain are novel indices of left ventricular diastolic function in children: validation followed by application in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children due to COVID-19","volume":"24","author":"Zuckerberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.023251","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of cardiac outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 infections","volume":"11","author":"Matsubara","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.11.031","article-title":"Association of childhood blood pressure with left atrial size and function: study of high blood pressure in pediatrics\u2013adult hypertension in youth (SHIP AHOY)","volume":"255","author":"Binka","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54597-6","article-title":"Lower left atrial function in young individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy controls: an echocardiographic study","volume":"14","author":"Fridolfsson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12824","article-title":"Relation of left atrial stiffness to insulin resistance in obese children: doppler strain imaging study","volume":"32","author":"Mahfouz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-023-02232-1","article-title":"Assessment of left atrial deformation in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography","volume":"38","author":"Numata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.19-173","article-title":"Influence of percutaneous occlusion of atrial septal defect on left atrial function evaluated using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography","volume":"61","author":"Suzuki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-022-02996-9","article-title":"Assessing non-invasive studies to evaluate resynchronization pacing effectiveness in the young","volume":"45","author":"Menon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15910","article-title":"Common atrial reservoir strain during the interstage period is a predictor of poor outcomes prior to Fontan completion in hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-024-03687-3","article-title":"Predictive role of atrial strain, aortic stiffness, and muscle-related factors for maximal and submaximal exercise capacity in Fontan patients","volume":"46","author":"Tekerlek","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14100","article-title":"Left atrial function in children and young adult cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines","volume":"35","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib50","first-page":"774.e1","article-title":"Survivors of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation exhibit progressive diastolic dysfunction over years of follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Harrison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transpl Cell Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021428","article-title":"Skewed cytokine responses rather than the magnitude of the cytokine storm may drive cardiac dysfunction in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.apc_93_22","article-title":"Strain in children with MIS-C and acute COVID-19","volume":"15","author":"Minocha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-023-03394-5","article-title":"Baseline echocardiography and laboratory findings in MIS-C and associations with clinical illness severity","volume":"45","author":"Beaver","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3605","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-240768","article-title":"Chronic mild to moderate mitral regurgitation will not have an impact on left atrial strain parameters in the pediatric population","volume":"32","author":"Begic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technol Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-023-03033-3","article-title":"Left atrial and left ventricular strain dynamics with echocardiography in asymptomatic children with mitral regurgitation","volume":"40","author":"Dedeo\u011flu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-024-03719-y","article-title":"Left atrial size and strain in hypertensive children compared to age-, sex-, and race\/ethnicity-matched controls","volume":"47","author":"Kaplinski","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02278-0","article-title":"Impaired left atrial strain in the presence of interatrial block in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"37","author":"Dogdus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01139-9","article-title":"Left atrial strain and diastolic function abnormalities in obese and type 2 diabetic adolescents and young adults","volume":"19","author":"Steele","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/XCE.0000000000000301","article-title":"Myocardial function, mechanics and work by echocardiography in adolescents with severe obesity","volume":"13","author":"Larios","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2023.11.025","article-title":"Modeling the relationship between diastolic phenotype and outcomes in pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"37","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20230131i","article-title":"Speckle-tracking: incremental role in diastolic assessment of pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"121","author":"Penachio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02350-9","article-title":"Left ventricular strain and left atrial strain are impaired during hemodialysis in children","volume":"37","author":"Doan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-022-02788-5","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of left atrial strain for predicting iron overload in pediatric patients with \u03b2-thalassemia with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"39","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1404350","article-title":"Left atrial strain in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and length of stay in pediatric intensive care unit","volume":"12","author":"Tyd\u00e9n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102762","article-title":"Cardiac mechanics evaluation in preschool-aged children with preterm birth history: a speckle tracking and 4D echocardiography study","volume":"13","author":"Savio","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-515","article-title":"Left atrial remodelling among Turner syndrome patients: novel insights from non-invasive 3D echocardiography","volume":"12","author":"Abd El Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.13069","article-title":"The effects of obesity on longitudinal ventricular and atrial strain in a rural population of Spanish children and adolescents, evaluated by a new strain software","volume":"18","author":"Aristiz\u00e1bal-Duque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.09.014","article-title":"Mechanobiology of cardiomyocyte development","volume":"43","author":"Jacot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20784","article-title":"Association of left atrial myocardial function with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in subjects with preserved systolic function: a strain rate imaging study","volume":"33","author":"Guan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.10.038","article-title":"Left ventricular diastolic function","volume":"13","author":"Nagueh","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2022.03.017","article-title":"Understanding complex interactions in pediatric diastolic function assessment","volume":"35","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0894731725007151?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0894731725007151?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T20:56:00Z","timestamp":1777323360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0894731725007151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0894731725007151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-7317","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Left Atrial Strain in Pediatric Cardiology: Evidence to Date and Future Directions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2025.12.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Echocardiography.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}