{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:44:18Z","timestamp":1790801058387,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20-RRG-134\/RGM\/R&D\/HEC\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-RRG-134\/RGM\/R&D\/HEC\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["EClinicalMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T20:44:04Z","timestamp":1622839444000},"page":"100926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hyperimmune anti-COVID-19 IVIG (C-IVIG) treatment in severe and critical COVID-19 patients: A phase I\/II randomized control trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6513-2560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaukat","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Muneeb","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisha","family":"Shalim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muneeba Ahsan","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheikh Muhammad","family":"Muhaymin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mir Rashid","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqra","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tehreem","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadaf","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal","family":"Shahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shobha","family":"Luxmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suneel","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habiba","family":"Arain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mujtaba","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Samad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Mehmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdur","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Jahangeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SaifUllah","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Quraishy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0001","series-title":"Remarks on media briefing on COVID-19 11th March 2020","author":"Ghebreyesus","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0002","unstructured":"Worldometer. COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC. https:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/coronavirus. (accessed March 17, 2021)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0003","article-title":"Intravenous Immunoglobulin plus methylprednisolone mitigate respiratory morbidity in Coronavirus Disease 2019","volume":"2","author":"Sakoulas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Critical Care Explor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1005.030640","article-title":"Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-2486","article-title":"Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection","volume":"160","author":"Arabi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2020-0263","article-title":"Production of hyperimmune anti-SARS-CoV-2 intravenous immunoglobulin from pooled COVID-19 convalescent plasma","volume":"13","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2021.03.015","article-title":"Treatment with IgM-enriched immunoglobulin in sepsis: a matched case-control analysis","author":"Martinez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072272","article-title":"Could Intravenous immunoglobulin collected from recovered coronavirus patients protect against COVID-19 and strengthen the immune system of new patients?","volume":"21","author":"Jawhara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0010","article-title":"Impact of immune enhancement on Covid-19 polyclonal hyperimmune globulin therapy and vaccine development","volume":"16","author":"de Alwis","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04839-5","article-title":"Hyperimmune anti-COVID-19 IVIG (C-IVIG) Therapy for Passive Immunization of Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0012","unstructured":"Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations & Coordination, Government of Pakistan. Clinical Management Guidelines for COVID-19 Infections. http:\/\/covid.gov.pk\/new_guidelines\/04July2020_20200704_Clinical_Management_Guidelines_for_COVID-19_infections_1203.pdf (accessed August 02, 2020.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1974.01350270079014","article-title":"Pulmonary response to major injury","volume":"108","author":"Horovitz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26408","article-title":"Convalescent plasma is a clutch at straws in COVID-19 management! A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Sarkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2031304","article-title":"A randomized trial of convalescent plasma in Covid-19 severe pneumonia","volume":"384","author":"Simonovich","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035002","article-title":"REGN-COV2, a neutralizing antibody cocktail, in outpatients with Covid-19","author":"Weinreich","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2029849","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody LY-CoV555 in outpatients with Covid-19","volume":"384","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.4103\/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_192_20","article-title":"What's new in critical illness and injury science? Intravenous immunoglobulin for COVID-19 with severe or critical illness","volume":"10","author":"Miller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3390\/life11020144","article-title":"The Road towards Polyclonal Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulins (Hyperimmune Serum) for passive immunization in COVID-19","volume":"11","author":"Focosi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0020","article-title":"Convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID-19: a living systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Chai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2020.04.002","article-title":"Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"53","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1192","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in critical patients with COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.03.044","article-title":"Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19","volume":"81","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033700","article-title":"Early high-titer plasma therapy to prevent severe Covid-19 in older adults","author":"Libster","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0025","article-title":"Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19-preliminary report","author":"Horby","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007764","article-title":"Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19","author":"Beigel","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028836","article-title":"Efficacy of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with Covid-19","author":"Stone","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2020.08.001","article-title":"Treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 patients with convalescent plasma reveals a signal of significantly decreased mortality","volume":"190","author":"Salazar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117788","article-title":"The role of biomarkers in diagnosis of COVID-19\u2013A systematic review","author":"Kermali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.04.001","article-title":"Portable chest X-ray in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): a pictorial review","author":"Jacobi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"}],"container-title":["EClinicalMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537021002066?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537021002066?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T19:06:00Z","timestamp":1762887960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589537021002066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S2589537021002066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hyperimmune anti-COVID-19 IVIG (C-IVIG) treatment in severe and critical COVID-19 patients: A phase I\/II randomized control trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"EClinicalMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100926","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100926"}}