{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T17:37:22Z","timestamp":1787938642456,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1139557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1139557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T09:44:05Z","timestamp":1634636645000},"page":"101164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A systematic review of clinical prediction rules to predict hospitalisation in children with lower respiratory infection in primary care and their validation in a new cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6281-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dermot M","family":"Wildes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Master","family":"Chisale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"Drew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris J","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark T","family":"Ledwidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"suppl_3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S179","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix142","article-title":"Introduction to the Epidemiologic Considerations, Analytic Methods, and Foundational Results From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health Study","volume":"64","author":"O'Brien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7159.637","article-title":"Understanding the culture of prescribing: qualitative study of general practitioners' and patients' perceptions of antibiotics for sore throats","volume":"317","author":"Butler","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.05.027","article-title":"It's safer to \u2026\u201d parent consulting and clinician antibiotic prescribing decisions for children with respiratory tract infections: an analysis across four qualitative studies","volume":"136\u2013137","author":"Cabral","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0004","article-title":"Public Health England English surveillance programme for antimicrobial utilisation and resistance (ESPAUR)","year":"2017","journal-title":"Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjinnov-2015-000045","article-title":"et alInnovating to improve primary care in less developed countries: towards a global model","volume":"1","author":"Fairall","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Innovations"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.1.79","article-title":"Users' guides to the medical literature: XXII: how to use articles about clinical decision rules. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group","volume":"284","author":"McGinn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0007","series-title":"Evidence base of clinical diagnosis","first-page":"213","article-title":"Producing and using clinical prediction rules","author":"Fahey","year":"2008"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001744","article-title":"Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies: The CHARMS Checklist","volume":"11","author":"Moons","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1640","article-title":"Developing an international register of clinical prediction rules for use in primary care: a descriptive analysis","volume":"12","author":"Keogh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046633","article-title":"On behalf of BIOTOPE team, et\u00a0al Aetiology and severity of childhood pneumonia in primary care in Malawi: a cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Gallagher","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0012","unstructured":"Recommendations for management of common childhood conditions, Evidence for technical update of pocket book recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/maternal_child_adolescent\/documents\/management_childhood_conditions\/en)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hay, A. D., et\u00a0al. \"Development and internal validation of a clinical rule to improve antibiotic use in children presenting to primary care with acute respiratory tract infection and cough: a prognostic cohort study.\" The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 4(11): 902-910.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30223-5"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405870","article-title":"Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization among U.S. Children","volume":"372","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008998.pub2","article-title":"Rapid diagnostic tests versus clinical diagnosis for managing people with fever in malaria endemic settings","author":"Odaga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0016","first-page":"j1054","article-title":"Impact of introduction of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria on antibiotic prescribing: analysis of observational and randomised studies in public and private healthcare settings","volume":"356","author":"Heidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0017","first-page":"i2416","article-title":"Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk in the general population: systematic review","volume":"353","author":"G","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30448-5","article-title":"Clinical Information Network Author G. Appropriateness of clinical severity classification of new WHO childhood pneumonia guidance: a multi-hospital, retrospective, cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Agweyu","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet Global health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164_bib0019","article-title":"Clinical prediction rules in primary care: what can be done to maximise their implementation?","author":"Keogh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Evidence"}],"container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537021004442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537021004442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T19:08:38Z","timestamp":1762888118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589537021004442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["S2589537021004442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A systematic review of clinical prediction rules to predict hospitalisation in children with lower respiratory infection in primary care and their validation in a new cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eClinicalMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101164","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101164"}}