{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T03:04:54Z","timestamp":1774321494123,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000267","name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000267","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020171","name":"UK Government Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T19:02:28Z","timestamp":1702580548000},"page":"102373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Long-term physical and psychological symptoms in Syrian men subjected to detention, conflict-related sexual violence and torture: cohort study of self-reported symptom evolution"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2325-579X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coleen","family":"Kivlahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"AlSharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agustin Garcia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zina","family":"Hallak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Yonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Odaimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naser","family":"AlHafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Aswad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"353","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib1","article-title":"Classifying the conflict in Syria","volume":"92","author":"Gill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Law Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib4","series-title":"Arbitrary imprisonment and detention - report of the commission of inquiry of the Syrian arab republic","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib5","series-title":"Syria refugee crisis explained","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib6","series-title":"The 11th annual report on enforced disappearance in Syria on the international day of the victims of enforced disappearances; the number of victims is rising","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib7","series-title":"Civilians under attack in Syria towards preventing further civilian harm","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1093\/jicj\/mqx012","article-title":"\u2018A meaningful step towards accountability\u2019? A view from the field on the united nations international, impartial and independent mechanism for Syria","volume":"15","author":"Elliott","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Crim Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib9","author":"United Nations"},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1080\/09688080.2017.1401895","article-title":"Sexual violence against men and boys in conflict and forced displacement: implications for the health sector","volume":"25","author":"Chynoweth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3149\/jmh.0601.22","article-title":"Effects of sexual assaults on men: physical, mental and sexual consequences","volume":"6","author":"Tewksbury","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Men's Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib12","series-title":"Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Istanbul Protocol: Manual on the effective investigation and documentation of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment","author":"United Nations","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib13","series-title":"The soul has died: male sexual violence report","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13031-019-0238-5","article-title":"Post-Traumatic stress disorder and depression among Syrian refugees residing in the Kurdistan region of Iraq","volume":"13","author":"Mahmood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Confl Health"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2003.07.008","article-title":"Torture and its sequel - a comparison between victims from six countries","volume":"137","author":"Moisander","year":"2003","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib16","article-title":"War can harm intimacy: consequences for refugees who escaped Syria","volume":"9","author":"Rizkalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glob Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509334288","article-title":"Mental health consequences in men exposed to sexual abuse during the war in Croatia and Bosnia","volume":"25","author":"Loncar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP7470","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520967132","article-title":"Characteristics and impacts of sexual violence against men and boys in conflict and displacement: a multicountry exploratory study","volume":"37","author":"Chynoweth","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Interpers Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib20","series-title":"Care and support of male survivors of conflict-related sexual violence","author":"Russell","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.07.019","article-title":"Physical, mental and social consequences in civilians who have experienced war-related sexual violence: a systematic review (1981\u20132014)","volume":"142","author":"Ba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)23115-9","article-title":"Sexual torture of men in\u00a0Croatia and other conflict situations: an open secret","volume":"12","author":"Oosterhoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1080\/14678802.2017.1338422","article-title":"Masculinity and male survivors of wartime sexual violence: a Bosnian case study","volume":"17","author":"Clark","year":"2017","journal-title":"Conflict Secur Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib24","article-title":"Torture and maltreatment in prison: a medico-legal perspective","volume":"11","author":"Albano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13040304","article-title":"Male victims of sexual assault: a review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Thomas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11131868","article-title":"Male victims of sexual abuse: impact and resilience processes, a qualitative study","volume":"11","author":"Poirson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib27","series-title":"Understanding and addressing sexual violence against women","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib28","series-title":"Women's initiatives for gender Justice. The Hague principles","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib29","series-title":"International criminal court","author":"ICC Elements of a Crime","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1017\/S0260210519000391","article-title":"Torture and sexual violence in war and conflict: the unmaking and remaking of subjects of violence","volume":"46","author":"Gray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Int Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib31","series-title":"Our epidemic of loneliness and isolation: the U.S. Surgeon general's advisory on the healing effects of social connection and community","author":"Murthy","year":"2023"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib32","first-page":"130","article-title":"Sexual violence and mental health in male and female refugees newly arrived in Germany","volume":"118","author":"Nesterko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373_bib33","first-page":"573","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"147","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann\u00a0Intern Med"}],"container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537023005503?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537023005503?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T22:22:28Z","timestamp":1762899748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589537023005503"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S2589537023005503"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term physical and psychological symptoms in Syrian men subjected to detention, conflict-related sexual violence and torture: cohort study of self-reported symptom evolution","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eClinicalMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102373","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102373"}}