{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T21:51:32Z","timestamp":1784670692283,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T09:32:56Z","timestamp":1736328776000},"page":"103045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Alcohol use and HIV suppression after completion of financial incentives for alcohol abstinence and isoniazid adherence: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6694-2645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winnie R.","family":"Muyindike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Fatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nneka I.","family":"Emenyonu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Kekibiina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Adong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Beesiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Marson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harsha","family":"Thirumurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"McDonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moses R.","family":"Kamya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Chamie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith A.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Duko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV\/AIDS in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Necho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Pol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000673","article-title":"Recommended use of terminology in addiction medicine","volume":"15","author":"Saitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Addiction Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-011-0088-2","article-title":"Adding fuel to the fire: alcohol's effect on the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"8","author":"Hahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr HIV AIDS Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02716-0","article-title":"Alcohol use and antiretroviral therapy non-adherence among adults living with HIV\/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Velloza","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181b18b6e","article-title":"Alcohol use and antiretroviral adherence: review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Hendershot","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Deficiency Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002380","article-title":"Adherence to tuberculosis preventive therapy measured by urine metabolite testing among people with HIV","volume":"34","author":"Kendall","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003082","article-title":"Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with suboptimal adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy in persons with HIV in southwestern Uganda","volume":"91","author":"Muyindike","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Deficiency Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.109005","article-title":"Alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences are associated with not being virally suppressed among persons living with HIV in the Rakai region of Uganda","volume":"228","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137492","article-title":"A\u00a0description of mortality associated with IPT plus ART compared to ART alone among HIV-infected individuals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Edessa","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib11","series-title":"Guidelines for intensified TB case finding and IPT for people living with HIV in resource constrained settings","year":"2011"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02742-y","article-title":"Changes in days of unhealthy alcohol use and antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV RNA levels, and condomless sex: a secondary analysis of clinical trial data","volume":"24","author":"Satre","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.2.250","article-title":"Give them prizes and they will come: contingency management for treatment of alcohol dependence","volume":"68","author":"Petry","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enhancing patient navigation to improve intervention session attendance and viral load suppression of persons with HIV and substance use: a secondary post hoc analysis of the Project HOPE study","volume":"12","author":"Stitzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction Sci Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.09.017","article-title":"Effect of incentives for medication adherence on health care use and costs in methadone patients with HIV","volume":"100","author":"Barnett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib16","series-title":"Global AIDS update 2020\u2014seizing the moment: tackling entrenched inequalities to end epidemics","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1886-3","article-title":"Behavioral interventions targeting alcohol use among people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Scott-Sheldon","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2023.2248647","article-title":"Brief interventions for alcohol misuse among people living with HIV: a meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Ghosh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1176-4","article-title":"Psychological interventions for alcohol use disorders in people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Madhombiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14655","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of the efficacy of gabapentin for treating alcohol use disorder","volume":"114","author":"Kranzler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.86a.18128","article-title":"Gabapentin for alcohol use disorder: a good option, or cause for concern","volume":"86","author":"Modesto-Lowe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1899","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00436-9","article-title":"Financial incentives for reduced alcohol use and increased isoniazid adherence during tuberculosis preventive therapy among people with HIV in Uganda: an open-label, factorial randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Chamie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12589","article-title":"Prize-based contingency management for the treatment of substance abusers: a meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Benishek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01581.x","article-title":"Contingency management for treatment of substance use disorders: a meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Prendergast","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000552","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of contingency management treatment based on objective indicators of abstinence from illicit substance use up to 1 year following treatment: a meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Ginley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.08.008","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the literature on contingency management in the treatment of substance use disorders, 2009\u20132014","volume":"92","author":"Davis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.6.1005","article-title":"Vouchers versus prizes: contingency management treatment of substance abusers in community settings","volume":"73","author":"Petry","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001833","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of novel nonmonetary incentives to promote HIV testing","volume":"32","author":"Chamie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aids"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib29","article-title":"Effectiveness of a psychological intervention delivered by general nurses for alcohol use disorders in people living with HIV in Zimbabwe: a cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Madhombiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05304-7","article-title":"The Drinkers' Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis (DIPT) trial among heavy drinkers living with HIV in Uganda: study protocol of a 2x2 factorial trial","volume":"22","author":"Lodi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.16.1789","article-title":"The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): an effective brief screening test for problem drinking","volume":"158","author":"Bush","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00403.x","article-title":"AUDIT-C as a brief screen for alcohol misuse in primary care","volume":"31","author":"Bradley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12407","article-title":"Ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate assays in clinical trials, interpretation, and limitations: results of a dose ranging alcohol challenge study and 2 clinical trials","volume":"38","author":"Jatlow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2015.1011743","article-title":"High levels of agreement between clinic-based ethyl glucuronide (EtG) immunoassays and laboratory-based mass spectrometry","volume":"41","author":"Leickly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000412","article-title":"High agreement between benchtop and point-of-care dipcard tests for ethyl glucuronide","volume":"39","author":"Leickly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib36","series-title":"Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib37","series-title":"Paper presented at: in25th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections (CROI 2018)","article-title":"Randomized trial of safety of isoniazid preventive therapy during or after pregnancy","author":"Gupta","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.185","article-title":"The effects of fixed versus escalating reinforcement schedules on smoking abstinence","volume":"48","author":"Romanowich","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Behav Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0326-7","article-title":"Evaluation of the single-item self-rating adherence scale for use in routine clinical care of people living with HIV","volume":"17","author":"Feldman","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ay00636j","article-title":"The detection of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol in human dried blood spots","volume":"3","author":"Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512175","article-title":"Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in blood as a marker of unhealthy alcohol use: a Systematic review with novel molecular insights","volume":"24","author":"Perilli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1290209","article-title":"Phosphatidylethanol confirmed alcohol use among ART-na\u00efve HIV-infected persons who denied consumption in rural Uganda","volume":"29","author":"Muyindike","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"39\u201340","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib43","first-page":"1747","article-title":"National harmonization of the alcohol biomarker PEth","volume":"110","author":"Helander","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib44","series-title":"Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. CROI 2023 Abstract eBook","first-page":"2023","article-title":"RCT of economic incentives for reduced alcohol use and INH adherence among PWH [CROI Abstract 112]","volume":"vol. 18","author":"Chamie","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.11.009","article-title":"Estimating risk of alcohol dependence using alcohol screening scores","volume":"108","author":"Rubinsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13874","article-title":"The PEth blood test in the security environment: what it is; why it is important; and interpretative guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Ulwelling","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1301300304","article-title":"Computing adjusted risk ratios and risk differences in Stata","volume":"13","author":"Norton","year":"2013","journal-title":"STATA J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.01.003","article-title":"Financial reinforcers for improving medication adherence: findings from a meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Petry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.04.017","article-title":"The use of incentives to reinforce medication adherence","volume":"55","author":"DeFulio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16050627","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial of ethyl glucuronide-based contingency management for outpatients with co-occurring alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness","volume":"174","author":"McDonell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e177","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000001116","article-title":"Investigating secondary alcohol outcomes in a contingency management intervention among American Indian and Alaska native adults","volume":"17","author":"Hirchak","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Addiction Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib52","first-page":"1989","article-title":"Effectiveness of contingency management using transdermal alcohol monitoring to reduce heavy drinking among driving while intoxicated (DWI) arrestees: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"47","author":"Dougherty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.4768","article-title":"Effect of incentives for alcohol abstinence in partnership with 3 American Indian and Alaska Native communities: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"78","author":"McDonell","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2023.2283691","article-title":"Feasibility of a telehealth-based contingency management intervention for alcohol use disorders using the phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16: 0\/18: 1 alcohol biomarker: a pilot randomized trial","volume":"50","author":"Jett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib55","series-title":"Intimate partner violence among HIV\/TB co-infected persons with unhealthy alcohol use in Uganda: qualitative study of an incentive-based alcohol\/medication adherence intervention. Research Society on Alcohol Annual Scientific Meeting","author":"Miller","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002472","article-title":"Participant perspectives on incentives for TB preventative therapy adherence and reduced alcohol use: a qualitative study","volume":"4","author":"Appa","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1332\/030557320X15907721287475","article-title":"Advancing behavioural public policies: in pursuit of a more comprehensive concept","volume":"49","author":"Ewert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pol Polit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1421-y","article-title":"Alcohol consumption in Ugandan HIV-infected household-brewers versus non-brewers","volume":"20","author":"Thakarar","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib59","article-title":"Adherence to and forgiveness of 3TC\/DTG in a real-world cohort","volume":"21","author":"Maggiolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Assoc Prov AIDS Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15031","article-title":"Impact of alcohol use disorder severity on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression and CD4 count in three international cohorts of people with HIV","volume":"47","author":"Bertholet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib61","series-title":"Consolidated guidelines for the prevention and treatment of HIV and AIDS in Uganda","year":"2020"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14218","article-title":"Social desirability bias impacts self-reported alcohol use among persons with HIV in Uganda","volume":"43","author":"Adong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113152","article-title":"Comparison of self-reported alcohol consumption to phosphatidylethanol measurement among HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral treatment in southwestern Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Bajunirwe","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13173","article-title":"Declining and rebounding unhealthy alcohol consumption during the first year of HIV care in rural Uganda, using phosphatidylethanol to augment self-report","volume":"111","author":"Hahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"}],"container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537024006242?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537024006242?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T00:56:27Z","timestamp":1740876987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589537024006242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S2589537024006242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Alcohol use and HIV suppression after completion of financial incentives for alcohol abstinence and isoniazid adherence: a randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eClinicalMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103045"}}