{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T02:28:49Z","timestamp":1768876129674,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020171","name":"UK Government Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"NIHR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009660","name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000267","name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AH\/X009580\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AH\/X009580\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000267","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T09:21:43Z","timestamp":1751534503000},"page":"103318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of health impacts of a disability-inclusive graduation programme among ultra-poor people with disabilities in Uganda: secondary analysis of a cluster randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4724-4892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanquan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena Morgon","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elijah","family":"Kipchumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calum","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6061-933X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munshi","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8952-0023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib1","series-title":"Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e756","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00042-1","article-title":"The association between disability and all-cause mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Smythe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e306","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(24)00054-9","article-title":"The association between disability and mortality: a mixed-methods study","volume":"9","author":"Kuper","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib4","series-title":"The missing billion","author":"Kuper","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib5","series-title":"Reimagining health systems that expect, accept and connect 1 billion people with disabilities: Missing billion initiative and Clinton health access inititiative","year":"2022"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091879","article-title":"A systematic review of access to general healthcare services for people with disabilities in low and middle income countries","volume":"15","author":"Bright","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1817984","article-title":"Barriers to accessing primary healthcare services for people with disabilities in low and middle-income countries, a Meta-synthesis of qualitative studies","volume":"44","author":"Hashemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/13600818.2016.1142960","article-title":"Disability and social protection programmes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Banks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxf Dev Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17523-5","article-title":"Links across disabilities: unveiling associations between functional domains","volume":"24","author":"Dalal","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189996","article-title":"Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Banks","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v6i0.280","article-title":"\u2018These are not luxuries, it is essential for access to life': disability related out-of-pocket costs as a driver of economic vulnerability in South Africa","volume":"6","author":"Hanass-Hancock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Afr J Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/13600818.2018.1515903","article-title":"Social protection for people with disabilities in Africa and Asia: a review of programmes for low- and middle-income countries","volume":"47","author":"Walsham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxf Dev Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2024.105018","article-title":"Health and health system effects on poverty: a narrative review of global evidence","volume":"142","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/issr.12195","article-title":"Access to social protection among people with disabilities: evidence from Viet Nam","volume":"72","author":"Banks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Soc Secur Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1057\/s41287-019-0194-3","article-title":"Access to social protection among people with disabilities: mixed methods research from Tanahun, Nepal","volume":"31","author":"Banks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Dev Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e394","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00290-9","article-title":"The effects of cash transfer programmes on HIV\/AIDS prevention and care outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies","volume":"10","author":"Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6337-1","article-title":"The impact of social assistance programs on population health: a systematic review of research in high-income countries","volume":"19","author":"Shahidi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib18","first-page":"Cd011135","article-title":"Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"3","author":"Pega","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7965","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06116-2","article-title":"The effects of cash transfers on adult and child mortality in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"618","author":"Richterman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-064673","article-title":"Impact of conditional cash transfer programmes on antenatal care service uptake in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Jacobs","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2011.11.015","article-title":"Promoting healthy behaviours and improving health outcomes in low and middle income countries: a review of the impact of conditional cash transfer programmes","volume":"55","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib22","article-title":"The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income countries","volume":"2009","author":"Lagarde","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17565-9","article-title":"Systematic review of cash plus or bundled interventions targeting adolescents in Africa to reduce HIV risk","volume":"24","author":"Rogers","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib24","article-title":"Experiences of conditional and unconditional cash transfers intended for improving health outcomes and health service use: a qualitative evidence synthesis","volume":"3","author":"Yoshino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193378","article-title":"The impact of poverty reduction and development interventions on non-communicable diseases and their behavioural risk factors in low and lower-middle income countries: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Pullar","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib26","article-title":"The effect of a disability-targeted cash transfer program on universal health coverage and universal access to education: a nationwide cohort study of Chinese children and adolescents with disabilities","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e933","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(23)00215-3","article-title":"The association of a disability-targeted cash transfer programme with disability status and health-care access: a quasi-experimental study using a nationwide cohort of 4\u00b73 million Chinese adults living with severe disabilities","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.35942\/ijcab.v3iIII.36","article-title":"Cash transfer and the economic well-being of persons with severe disability in Wajir County, Kenya","volume":"3","author":"Abdille","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Curr Asp"},{"issue":"6236","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260799","article-title":"Development economics. A multifaceted program causes lasting progress for the very poor: evidence from six countries","volume":"348","author":"Banerjee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2018.09.011","article-title":"Impact and spill-over effects of an asset transfer program on child undernutrition: evidence from a randomized control trial in Bangladesh","volume":"62","author":"Raza","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qjx003","article-title":"Labor markets and poverty in village economies","volume":"132","author":"Bandiera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Q J Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-08040-w","article-title":"Evaluation of a disability-inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme in Uganda: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial with process evaluation","volume":"25","author":"Kipchumba","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1S","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2022.03.022","article-title":"Anxiety and depression signs among adolescents in 26 low- and middle-income countries: prevalence and association with functional difficulties","volume":"72","author":"de Castro","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2018.06.005","article-title":"The development and testing of a module on child functioning for identifying children with disabilities on surveys. I: background","volume":"11","author":"Loeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45152-y","article-title":"Geographic pair matching in large-scale cluster randomized trials","volume":"15","author":"Arnold","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib36","series-title":"Disability inclusive ultra-poor graduation approach: considerations for implementing best practices, a case of Northern Uganda","author":"Rahman Ankhi","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3102\/1076998606298043","article-title":"Effect sizes in cluster-randomized designs","volume":"32","author":"Hedges","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Educ Behav Stat"},{"issue":"456","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1198\/016214501753382309","article-title":"A note on the efficiency of sandwich covariance matrix estimation","volume":"96","author":"Kauermann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01189-5","article-title":"Barriers in access to healthcare for women with disabilities: a systematic review in qualitative studies","volume":"21","author":"Matin","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib40","volume":"vol. 13","author":"Women","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib41","series-title":"Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities","year":"2022"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302182","article-title":"Differences in condom access and use and associated factors between persons with and without disabilities receiving social cash transfers in Luapula province, Zambia-A cross-sectional study","volume":"19","author":"Chipanta","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2013-101382","article-title":"Blinding: an essential component in decreasing risk of bias in experimental designs","volume":"16","author":"Forbes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid Based Nurs"}],"container-title":["eClinicalMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537025002500?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589537025002500?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T13:39:49Z","timestamp":1768829989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589537025002500"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S2589537025002500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5370","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of health impacts of a disability-inclusive graduation programme among ultra-poor people with disabilities in Uganda: secondary analysis of a cluster randomized trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"eClinicalMedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103318","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103318"}}