{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T21:39:35Z","timestamp":1789767575436,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T20:37:07Z","timestamp":1668544627000},"page":"114292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Elevated NO2 induces leaf defensive mechanisms in Bougainvillea spectabilis seedlings"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"248","author":[{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Sheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zunling","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.00734","article-title":"Abiotic stress signaling in wheat-an inclusive overview of hormonal interactions during abiotic stress responses in wheat","volume":"9","author":"Abhinandan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00709-016-1037-0","article-title":"Potassium up-regulates antioxidant metabolism and alleviates growth inhibition under water and osmotic stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"254","author":"Ahanger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Protoplasma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.338","article-title":"Personal exposure to traffic-related air pollutants and relationships with respiratory symptoms and oxidative stress: a pilot cross-sectional study among urban green space workers","volume":"649","author":"Ariane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13518","article-title":"The role of amino acid metabolism during abiotic stress release","volume":"42","author":"Batista-Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.07.021","article-title":"Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) uptake by vegetation controlled by atmospheric concentrations and plant stomatal aperture","volume":"45","author":"Chaparro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of spraying lanthanum nitrate on osmotic regulation substances in navel orange leaves","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib7","article-title":"Ethylene insensitive mutation improves Arabidopsis plant tolerance to NO2 exposure","volume":"189","author":"Chuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.15446\/acag.v64n3.42970","article-title":"Rooting stem cuttings of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. using indolbutyric acid Enraizaimento de estacas de Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. com o uso de \u00e1cido indolbut\u00edrico","volume":"64","author":"Costa Elias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Agron\u00f3m."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib9","first-page":"2123","article-title":"A model-based analysis of foliar NOx deposition","volume":"20","author":"Erin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib10","series-title":"Experimental Guidance of Plant Physiology","first-page":"61","author":"Gao","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.08.057","article-title":"Variation and co-variation of PM10, particle number concentration, NOx and NO2 in the urban air--relationships with wind speed, vertical temperature gradient and weather type","volume":"120","author":"Grundstrom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1041","article-title":"A proposed framework for the description of plant metabolomics experiments and their results","volume":"22","author":"Helen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.11.049","article-title":"Responses of herbaceous plants to urban air pollution: Effects on growth, phenology and leaf surface characteristics","volume":"157","author":"Honour","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib14","first-page":"28","article-title":"Effects of five endophytic fungi on maize seedling resistance to drought stress","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bact. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2018.08.019","article-title":"Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the reasons why Hordeum marinum has higher salt tolerance than Hordeum vulgare","volume":"156","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12848","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312848","article-title":"Integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed molecular mechanism for salt resistance in soybean roots","volume":"22","author":"Jie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib17","series-title":"Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology","first-page":"4","author":"Kapuganti","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3372\/wi.42.42114","article-title":"The discovery, naming and typification of\u00a0Bougainvillea spectabilis (Nyctaginaceae)","volume":"42","author":"Lack","year":"2012","journal-title":"Willdenowia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.12.001","article-title":"Effect of air pollutant NO2 on Betula pendula, Ostrya carpinifolia and Carpinus betulus pollen fertility and human allergenicity","volume":"186","author":"L\u00e1zaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2015.12.004","article-title":"Reduced light and moderate water deficiency sustain nitrogen assimilation and sucrose degradation at low temperature in durum wheat","volume":"191","author":"Majl\u00e1th","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Plant Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.1998.00255.x","article-title":"More than a 600-fold variation in nitrogen dioxide assimilation among 217 plant taxa","volume":"21","author":"Morikawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant, Cell Environ."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib22","first-page":"1386","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of Trifolium Caucasian under different cooling patterns","volume":"29","author":"Mou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Agrestia Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2012.08.021","article-title":"Environmental nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure inflfluences development and progression of ischemic stroke","volume":"214","author":"Na","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib24","series-title":"Air Pollution and Plant Biotechnology","first-page":"3","article-title":"Responses of whole plants to air pollution","author":"Nouchi","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib25","series-title":"Air Pollution and Plant Biotechnology","first-page":"3","article-title":"Responses of whole plants to air pollution","author":"Nouchi","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib26","first-page":"111","article-title":"Analytical procedures of N, P, K contents and manure materials using H2SO4-H2O2 Kjeldahl digestion method","volume":"43","author":"Oyahama","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull. Fac. Agric. Niigata Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2018.02.003","article-title":"Multiple biological processes involved in the regulation of salicylic acid in Arabidopsis response to NO2 exposure","volume":"149","author":"Qu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12050754","article-title":"Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of rare Carpinus putoensis plants under NO2 stress","volume":"12","author":"Sheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of two precious Carpinus species to high-concentration NO2 stress and their natural recovery","author":"Sheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3390\/f9090561","article-title":"Photosynthetic capacity, stomatal behavior and chloroplast ultrastructure in leaves of the endangered plant Carpinus putoensis W.C. Cheng during gaseous NO2 exposure and after recovery","volume":"9","author":"Sheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Forests"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of nitrogen dioxide on biochemical responses in 41 garden plants","volume":"8","author":"Sheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.21273\/JASHS04489-18","article-title":"Physiological response of European hornbeam Leaves to nitrogen dioxide stress and self-recovery","volume":"144","author":"Sheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib33","unstructured":"Song Min, Sheng Qianqian, Zhu Zunling. A device for monitoring gas concentration of fumigating device: China, CN211825964U. 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2020.104361","article-title":"Carbon-nitrogen metabolism and oxidative stress in young plants of Dipteryx alata Vog. subjected to seasonal water regimes in the Cerrado","volume":"183","author":"Vieira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib35","article-title":"Comparison of the suitability of plant species for greenbelt construction based on particulate matter capture capacity, air pollution tolerance index, and antioxidant system","volume":"263","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.03.074","article-title":"Traffic-related dust fall and NOx, but not NH3, seriously affect nitrogen isotopic compositions in soil and plant tissues near the roadside","volume":"249","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib37","series-title":"Physiological response of Taxus chinensis to SO2 and CH2O stress","author":"Zhang","year":"2014"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.5846\/stxb201205080669","article-title":"Physiological response of four golden leaf trees to SO2 stress","volume":"33","author":"Zhong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Ecol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_bib39","unstructured":"Zhou Qi Plant Physiology, China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 2000: 163\u2013166. (in Chinese)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292_fur1","article-title":"Elevated NO2 damages the photosynthetic apparatus by inducing the accumulation of superoxide anions and peroxynitrite in tobacco seedling leaves","volume":"196","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."}],"container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651322011320?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651322011320?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T06:00:40Z","timestamp":1758952840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147651322011320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0147651322011320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-6513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-6513","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Elevated NO2 induces leaf defensive mechanisms in Bougainvillea spectabilis seedlings","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114292","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114292"}}