{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T20:59:49Z","timestamp":1794344389590,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T12:24:58Z","timestamp":1751372698000},"page":"118597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Molecular mechanisms of diquat-induced brain injury: Insights from network toxicology and single-cell RNA sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"302","author":[{"given":"Minqi","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huahao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinmin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101619","article-title":"Oxidative stress: the core pathogenesis and mechanism of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"77","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-023-10634-6","article-title":"Recent updates on structural insights of MAO-B inhibitors: a review on target-based approach %J","volume":"28","author":"Baweja","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Divers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003946","article-title":"Nrf2, cellular redox regulation, and neurologic implications","volume":"88","author":"Benarroch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.11.013","article-title":"Impact of the redox-cycling herbicide diquat on transcript expression and antioxidant enzymatic activities of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis","volume":"126","author":"Bou\u00e9tard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-012-0977-1","article-title":"Pyrosequencing-based transcriptomic resources in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, with a focus on genes involved in molecular response to diquat-induced stress","volume":"21","author":"Bou\u00e9tard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22552","article-title":"NF-\u03baB\/p53-activated inflammatory response involves in diquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis","volume":"33","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115310","article-title":"Study on the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoids on acute kidney injury in rats exposed to diquat","volume":"166","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1178272","article-title":"Case report: Reversible splenial lesion syndrome caused by diquat poisoning","volume":"14","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8891373","article-title":"Albumin reduces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis via the ERK\/Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats","volume":"2021","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3657","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03805-x","article-title":"Environmental toxins and Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive analysis of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic modulation","volume":"61","author":"Dhapola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.02.041","article-title":"Celecoxib attenuates systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced brain inflammation and white matter injury in the neonatal rats","volume":"240","author":"Fan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s002449900391","article-title":"Spatial and temporal trends of paraquat, diquat, and difenzoquat contamination in water from marsh areas of the valencian community (Spain)","volume":"35","author":"Fernandez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12767","article-title":"Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: from mechanistic view to targeted therapeutic opportunities","volume":"36","author":"Hakiminia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116866","article-title":"Elucidating the mechanism of plasticizers inducing breast cancer through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis","volume":"284","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142711","article-title":"Network toxicological and molecular docking to investigate the mechanisms of toxicity of agricultural chemical Thiabendazole","volume":"363","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2824","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1738","article-title":"Effects of oxidative stress and testosterone on pro-inflammatory signaling in a female rat dopaminergic neuronal cell line","volume":"157","author":"Holmes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.929290","article-title":"Non-coding RNAs: The Neuroinflammatory Regulators in Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2021.101957","article-title":"The role of monoamine oxidase enzymes in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders","volume":"114","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103268","article-title":"BSA-stabilized selenium nanoparticles ameliorate intracerebral hemorrhage's-like pathology by inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated neurotoxicology via Nrf2\/GPX4 axis activation","volume":"75","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105252","article-title":"Dicaffeoylquinic acids alleviate memory loss via reduction of oxidative stress in stress-hormone-induced depressive mice","volume":"161","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1039\/C5FO01486G","article-title":"Changes in the metabolome of rats after exposure to arginine and N-carbamylglutamate in combination with diquat, a compound that causes oxidative stress, assessed by 1H NMR spectroscopy","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113434","article-title":"Neurotoxicity induced by the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin: alterations in monoaminergic systems and dopaminergic and serotoninergic pathways in the rat brain","volume":"169","author":"Lopez-Torres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327118765330","article-title":"Human and experimental toxicology of diquat poisoning: toxicokinetics, mechanisms of toxicity, clinical features, and treatment","volume":"37","author":"Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111611","article-title":"Dysregulation of prostaglandine E2 and BDNF signaling mediated by estrogenic dysfunction induces primary hippocampal neuronal cell death after single and repeated paraquat treatment","volume":"144","author":"Moyano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.676239","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: a review of their anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action %J","volume":"12","author":"Ostadkarampour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11122467","article-title":"Association between heavy metal exposure and parkinson's disease: a review of the mechanisms related to oxidative stress","volume":"11","author":"Pyatha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9272","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04172-x","article-title":"Imaging findings and toxicological mechanisms of nervous system injury caused by diquat","volume":"61","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib28","article-title":"Nrf2\/HO-1 mediates the neuroprotective effects of pramipexole by attenuating oxidative damage and mitochondrial perturbation after traumatic brain injury in rats","volume":"13","author":"Salman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dis. Model Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.9b00073","article-title":"Serotonin regulation of the prefrontal cortex: cognitive relevance and the impact of developmental perturbation","volume":"10","author":"Sargin","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2019.06.006","article-title":"Anesthetics influence concussive head injury induced blood-brain barrier breakdown, brain edema formation, cerebral blood flow, serotonin levels, brain pathology and functional outcome","volume":"146","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107779","article-title":"COX-2 inhibition rescues depression-like behaviors via suppressing glial activation, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in rats","volume":"160","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-01040-7","article-title":"Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics to explore the mechanism of compound Dihuang granule (CDG) protects dopaminergic neurons by regulating the Nrf2\/HMOX1 pathway in the 6-OHDA\/MPP(+)-induced model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2020.08.004","article-title":"Paraquat induces pulmonary fibrosis through Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway and myofibroblast differentiation","volume":"333","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy257","article-title":"Developmental regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factors (nrfs) by AHR1b in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"167","author":"Ulin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231169133","article-title":"CRTC1 is a potential target to delay aging-induced cognitive deficit by protecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier via inhibiting inflammation","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117188","article-title":"Diquat exacerbates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation by blocking the autophagic flux of microglia in the hippocampus","volume":"286","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib37","article-title":"Novel pathways of fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity: P53-dependent ferroptosis induced by the SIRT1\/FOXOs pathway and Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway","volume":"264","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Phys. Tox. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.235250","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of genistein on SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing A53T mutant \u03b1-synuclein %J","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0687-7","article-title":"C\/EBP\u03b2\/\u03b4-secretase signaling mediates Parkinson's disease pathogenesis via regulating transcription and proteolytic cleavage of \u03b1-synuclein and MAOB","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-011-9246-x","article-title":"Behavioral and neurochemical effects of proline","volume":"26","author":"Wyse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520943824","article-title":"Lethal diquat poisoning manifesting as central pontine myelinolysis and acute kidney injury: A case report and literature review","volume":"48","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13040395","article-title":"The interplay between ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in central neurological disorders","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131236","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics promote liver inflammation by inducing the formation of macrophages extracellular traps","volume":"452","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119449","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics up-regulates liver glutamine and glutamate synthesis and promotes autophagy-dependent ferroptosis and apoptosis in the cerebellum through the liver-brain axis","volume":"307","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2021.2013495","article-title":"Acute diquat poisoning resulting in toxic encephalopathy: a report of three cases","volume":"60","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003135","article-title":"Paraquat- and diquat-induced oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidation in rat brain microsomes","volume":"131","author":"Yumino","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101609","article-title":"Lethal diquat poisoning manifests as acute central nervous system injury and circulatory failure: a retrospective cohort study of 50 cases","volume":"52","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"}],"container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014765132500942X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014765132500942X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T14:57:10Z","timestamp":1755615430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014765132500942X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S014765132500942X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-6513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-6513","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Molecular mechanisms of diquat-induced brain injury: Insights from network toxicology and single-cell RNA sequencing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118597","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118597"}}