{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T17:55:15Z","timestamp":1755798915468,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]],"date-time":"2025-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T04:35:48Z","timestamp":1753245348000},"page":"118728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Serum \u03b1-Klotho mediates the association between blood toluene and BUN: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"302","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5456-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhu","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaorui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3374-3375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440802026307","article-title":"U-shaped dose response in behavioral pharmacology: historical foundations","volume":"38","author":"Calabrese","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.22.1.15","article-title":"U-shaped dose-responses in biology, toxicology, and public health","volume":"22","author":"Calabrese","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b03511","article-title":"Automated dual-chamber sampling system to follow dynamics of volatile organic compounds emitted by biological specimens","volume":"90","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1082504","article-title":"A cross-sectional analysis of association between visceral adiposity index and serum anti-aging protein Klotho in adults","volume":"14","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00323","article-title":"New insights into the mechanism of action of soluble Klotho","volume":"8","author":"Dalton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020239","article-title":"Klotho, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage in kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Donate-Correa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114386","article-title":"The research hotspots and trends of volatile organic compound emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources: a systematic quantitative review","volume":"216","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.05.004","article-title":"Effects of plasticizers and their mixtures on estrogen receptor and thyroid hormone functions","volume":"189","author":"Ghisari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1435","article-title":"Immunohistochemical studies on early stage of hepatic damage induced by subacute inhalation of toluene vapor in rats","volume":"29","author":"Gotohda","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170639","article-title":"Exposure to BTEX is associated with cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and leukocytosis in national US population","volume":"919","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12010088","article-title":"Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.173083","article-title":"The association between exposure to volatile organic chemicals and serum \u03b1-Klotho in USA middle to old aged population: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2016","volume":"934","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib13","first-page":"934","article-title":"The association between exposure to volatile organic chemicals and serum \u03b1-Klotho in USA middle to old aged population: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2016","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-011-0950-5","article-title":"Klotho: a novel regulator of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis","volume":"462","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pflug Arch. Eur. J. Phy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib15","article-title":"National health and nutrition examination survey: analytic guidelines, 1999-2010","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vital.. Health Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118644","article-title":"Epigenetic and non-epigenetic regulation of Klotho in kidney disease","volume":"264","author":"Kale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib17","first-page":"23","article-title":"Systemic immune-inflammation mediates the association between Klotho protein and metabolic syndrome: findings from a large-scale population-based study","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119894","article-title":"Risk assessment and dose-effect of co-exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene (BTEXS) on pulmonary function: a cross-sectional study","volume":"310","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib19","first-page":"14","article-title":"Association of volatile organic compound levels with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in NHANES 2013-2016","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib20","article-title":"Health risk assessment of occupational exposure to styrene in Neyshabur electronic industries","volume":"26","author":"Mohammadyan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. R."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib21","article-title":"Bisphenol-A exposure alters liver, kidney, and pancreatic Klotho expression by HSP60-activated mTOR\/autophagy pathway in male albino rats","volume":"69","author":"Morsi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151704","article-title":"Diurnal variability in urinary volatile organic compound metabolites and its association with oxidative stress biomarkers","volume":"818","author":"Pal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2017.11.041","article-title":"Oxidative stress in urea cycle disorders: findings from clinical and basic research","volume":"477","author":"Parmeggiani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib24","first-page":"10","article-title":"Blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio is associated with congestion and mortality in heart failure patients with renal dysfunction","author":"Parrinello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intern Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib25","article-title":"Pathobiology of the Klotho Antiaging Protein and Therapeutic Considerations","volume":"3","author":"Prud'homme","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib26","first-page":"4","article-title":"Occupational exposures in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review","author":"Quintero Santofimio","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS Glob. Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001268","article-title":"for the STROCSS Group. The STROCSS 2024 guideline: strengthening the reporting of cohort, cross-sectional, and case\u2013control studies in surgery","volume":"110","author":"Rashid","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib28","first-page":"14","article-title":"Global air pollution exposure and poverty","author":"Rentschler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000064","article-title":"Protein turnover, ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis","volume":"81","author":"Schutz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0000000000000876","article-title":"Occupational benzene exposure and risk of kidney and bladder cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Seyyedsalehi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J. Cancer. prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2022.2030359","article-title":"The blood urea nitrogen\/creatinine (BUN\/cre) ratio was U-shaped associated with all-cause mortality in general population","volume":"44","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ren. Fail."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1989.tb00606.x","article-title":"Effects of toluene on protein synthesis and the interaction with ethanol in hepatocytes isolated from fed and fasted rats","volume":"64","author":"Smith-Kielland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib33","first-page":"241","article-title":"On the embryotoxic effects of benzene and its alkyl derivatives in mice, rats, and rabbits","volume":"58","author":"Ungv\u00e1ry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib34","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody-directed assessment of toluene induction of rat hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.292","article-title":"Klotho: a tumor suppressor and a modulator of the IGF-1 and FGF pathways in human breast cancer","volume":"27","author":"Wolf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.124669","article-title":"Moderate BMI accumulation modified associations between blood benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) and phenotypic aging: mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress","volume":"360","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib37","article-title":"Evidence for cellular protein covalent binding derived from styrene metabolite","volume":"186","author":"Yuan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chembiol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/es901688e","article-title":"Speciated VOC emission inventory and spatial patterns of ozone formation potential in the Pearl River Delta, China","volume":"43","author":"Zheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.137489","article-title":"Environmental and human health impacts of volatile organic compounds: a perspective review","volume":"313","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728_bib40","first-page":"19","article-title":"The role of klotho in chronic kidney disease","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."}],"container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651325010735?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651325010735?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T15:15:15Z","timestamp":1755616515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147651325010735"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0147651325010735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-6513"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0147-6513"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Serum \u03b1-Klotho mediates the association between blood toluene and BUN: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013\u20132016","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118728","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118728"}}