{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:24:13Z","timestamp":1788024253908,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T10:20:23Z","timestamp":1784110823000},"page":"120506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mitigating heavy metal stress in plants: Combined effects of cold plasma seed treatment and dopamine on the physio-chemical response of fenugreek under chromium toxicity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"322","author":[{"given":"Mitra","family":"Nazemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3420-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Ebrahimibasabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11223069","article-title":"Simultaneous action of silymarin and dopamine enhances defense mechanisms related to antioxidants, polyamine metabolic enzymes, and tolerance to cadmium stress in Phaseolus vulgaris","volume":"11","author":"Abdulmajeed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.003","article-title":"Cold plasma seed priming modulates growth, redox homeostasis and stress response by inducing reactive species in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)","volume":"156","author":"Adhikari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free. Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2022.111506","article-title":"Dopamine-induced abiotic stress tolerance in horticultural plants","volume":"307","author":"Ahammed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.125949","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide signaling mediates dopamine-induced chromium stress tolerance in tomato","volume":"371","author":"Ahammed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib5","first-page":"1981","article-title":"Cold plasma and foliar-applied selenium nanoparticles modulated cadmium toxicity through changes in physio-biochemical properties and essential oil profile of sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"23","author":"Alawamleh","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25132","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10281-x","article-title":"The effect of cold plasma treatment on the phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of whole buckwheat grain and flour","volume":"15","author":"Amiri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2024.108382","article-title":"The amelioration of salt stress-induced damage in fenugreek through the application of cold plasma and melatonin","volume":"207","author":"Arabasadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant. Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"5088","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1038\/214562a0","article-title":"Ferredoxin and photosynthetic phosphorylation","volume":"214","author":"Arnon","year":"1967","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00018060","article-title":"Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies","volume":"39","author":"Bates","year":"1973","journal-title":"Plant. Soil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00741","article-title":"Cold radiofrequency plasma treatment modifies wettability and germination speed of plant seeds","volume":"2","author":"Bormashenko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14223411","article-title":"Dopamine Spraying Protects Against Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Stimulates Photosynthesis in Soybean Plants","volume":"14","author":"Carmo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.01.004","article-title":"Melatonin and dopamine mediate the regulation of nitrogen uptake and metabolism at low ammonium levels in Malus hupehensis","volume":"171","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant. Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/seeds5010002","article-title":"Surface Chemical and Structural Modifications of Barley Seeds Induced by Low-Temperature Oxygen and Nitrogen Plasma Treatments","volume":"5","author":"Gard","year":"2025","journal-title":"Seeds"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1554","article-title":"New spectrophotometric assay for polyphenol oxidase activity","volume":"215","author":"Gauillard","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35897","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-18630-3","article-title":"Cold plasma can alleviate cadmium stress by optimizing growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through changes in physio-biochemical properties and fatty acid profile","volume":"29","author":"Ghasemzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1080\/00103628009367096","article-title":"A nitric acid plant tissue digest method for use with inductively coupled plasma spectrometry","volume":"11","author":"Havlin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2025.113815","article-title":"Cold plasma treatment maintains antioxidant capacity and cell membrane integrity in apricot fruit by inducing reactive oxygen species scavenging systems","volume":"230","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Postharvest Biol. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib19","first-page":"385","article-title":"Monodehydroascorbate reductase in spinach chloroplasts and its participation in regeneration of ascorbate for scavenging hydrogen peroxide","volume":"25","author":"Hossain","year":"1984","journal-title":"Plant. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7256","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157256","article-title":"Investigating Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, and Enzymatic Activity in Onion (Allium cepa) Under the Influence of Plasma-Treated Water","volume":"26","author":"Khanam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib21","first-page":"34","article-title":"The influence of water deficit on vegetative growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality in eggplants","volume":"27","author":"Kirnak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bulg. J. Plant. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(78)90479-4","article-title":"Generation of superoxide radical during autoxidation of hydroxylamine and an assay for superoxide dismutase","volume":"186","author":"Kono","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1109\/TPS.2024.3497133","article-title":"Rice seed germination improvement by atmospheric pressure plasma surface modification with water buffer","volume":"52","author":"Lai","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.7202\/030266ar","article-title":"Les parents d\u2019un enfant handicap\u00e9 (Revue de la litt\u00e9rature am\u00e9ricaine)","volume":"10","author":"Lamarche","year":"1985","journal-title":"St. \u00e9 Ment. au Qu\u00e9bec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.011","article-title":"Cold plasma seed treatment improves chilling resistance of tomato plants through hydrogen peroxide and abscisic acid signaling pathway","volume":"172","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free. Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11070856","article-title":"Biochemical and physiological plant processes affected by seed treatment with non-thermal plasma","volume":"11","author":"Mildaziene","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171567","article-title":"Complexity of responses to ionizing radiation in plants, and the impact on interacting biotic factors","volume":"924","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076232","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts","volume":"22","author":"Nakano","year":"1981","journal-title":"Plant. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2023.107981","article-title":"Melatonin supplementation combats nickel-induced phytotoxicity in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants through metal accumulation reduction, upregulation of NO generation, antioxidant defence machinery and secondary metabolites","volume":"202","author":"Parwez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant. Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6486","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c09650","article-title":"Ion mobility and segregation in seed surfaces subjected to cold plasma treatments","volume":"73","author":"Perea-Brnes","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00196-3","article-title":"Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour","volume":"72","author":"Quettier-Deleu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0176-1617(00)80316-8","article-title":"Differential stimulation of ascorbate peroxidase isoforms by ozone exposure in sunflower plants","volume":"156","author":"Ranieri","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Plant. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-28941-3","article-title":"Unravelling the role of silica nanoparticles in alleviating chromium heavy metal stress in Mexican marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)","author":"Raza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2016.06.010","article-title":"The effect of sandblasting on surface properties for adhesion","volume":"70","author":"Rudawska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Adhes. Adhes."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30200-7","article-title":"Amelioration of photosynthesis and quality of wheat under non-thermal radio frequency plasma treatment","volume":"8","author":"Saberi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib36","series-title":"Medicinal Plants of South Asia","first-page":"257","article-title":"Chapter 20 - Fenugreek","author":"Sarwar","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10343-025-01210-z","article-title":"Cold plasma as an innovative seed priming method enhances seedling growth and salinity tolerance in yellow maize","volume":"77","author":"Saudy","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Crop. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3054.1998.1040433.x","article-title":"Changes in activity of antioxidative enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings under cold acclimation","volume":"104","author":"Scebba","year":"1998","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01935418","article-title":"Die verwertung organischer s\u00e4uren durch Chlorella im licht","volume":"47","author":"Schlegel","year":"1956","journal-title":"Planta"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15090586","article-title":"Investigating the utility of dopamine in agricultural practices: a review","volume":"15","author":"Semida","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4355","DOI":"10.1007\/s42729-025-02401-3","article-title":"Cold Plasma enhances melatonin and brassinosteroids efficacy by regulating physio-biochemical characteristics in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) exposed to soil chromium toxicity","volume":"25","author":"Shirkhani","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Soil. Sci. Plant. Nutr."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2006.03.008","article-title":"A snake-based approach to accurate determination of both contact points and contact angles","volume":"286","author":"Stalder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.68.2.516","article-title":"Protein synthesis and phospholipids in soybean axes in response to imbibitional chilling","volume":"68","author":"Stewart","year":"1981","journal-title":"Plant. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.117955","article-title":"Exogenous proline mediates OsNPR1 to regulate the innate pool of IAA in response to Cr exposure in rice plants","volume":"294","author":"Ullah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2025.102509","article-title":"Surveying the utilization of cold plasma and plasma-activated water on food pigments, bioactive compounds, enzymes, vitamins, fatty acid, and essential oils: Considerations, mechanisms, and future trends","volume":"28","author":"Vedaei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2025.162674","article-title":"Hydrophilization of rice seeds by plasma treatments\u2013Super-hydrophilic surface finish and hydrophobic recovery","volume":"691","author":"Vesel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.2307\/1141830","article-title":"Patterns in criminal homicide in Chicago","volume":"59","author":"Voss","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Crim. Law Criminol. Police Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-024-07140-2","article-title":"A review of chromium behavior in soil and its remediation techniques","volume":"235","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Air & Soil. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2023.105264","article-title":"Dopamine confers cadmium tolerance in apples by improving growth, reducing reactive oxygen species, and changing secondary metabolite levels","volume":"208","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-006-9000-2","article-title":"A simple colorimetric method for determination of hydrogen peroxide in plant tissues","volume":"49","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant. Growth Regul."}],"container-title":["Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651326008365?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147651326008365?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T20:32:06Z","timestamp":1786221126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147651326008365"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0147651326008365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-6513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-6513","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mitigating heavy metal stress in plants: Combined effects of cold plasma seed treatment and dopamine on the physio-chemical response of fenugreek under chromium toxicity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120506","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120506"}}