{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:37:36Z","timestamp":1780587456217,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Economics & Human Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]],"date-time":"2020-11-22T10:05:34Z","timestamp":1606039534000},"page":"100941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Inequality in mortality in pre-industrial southern Europe during an epidemic episode: socio-economic determinants (eighteenth - nineteenth centuries Spain)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor A.","family":"Luque de Haro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana M.","family":"Pujadas-Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0005","series-title":"Linking Individuals Across Historical Sources: a Fully Automated Approach (N.o 24324)","author":"Abramitzky","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1006\/exeh.2001.0775","article-title":"The great divergence in European wages and prices from the middle ages to the First World War","volume":"38","author":"Allen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0015","series-title":"Life Under Pressure: Mortality and Living Standards in Europe and Asia, 1700-1900","first-page":"327","article-title":"Gender differences in mortality","author":"Alter","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-00857-9","article-title":"Scientists rise up against statistical significance","volume":"567","author":"Amrhein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0025","series-title":"Population Reconstruction (pp. 217-241)","article-title":"Dancing with dirty data: problems in the extraction of life-Course evidence from historical censuses","author":"Antonie","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2307\/3348839","article-title":"Social class, life expectancy and overall mortality reviewed work","volume":"45","author":"Antonovsky","year":"1967","journal-title":"Milbank Mem. Fund Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0035","first-page":"23","article-title":"La identificaci\u00f3n de las causas de muerte en la Europa pre-industrial: algunas consideraciones historiogr\u00e1ficas","volume":"XI","author":"Arrizabalaga","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn de la ADEH"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4391","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7501","article-title":"Practical recommendations for reporting Fine-Gray model analyses for competing risk data","volume":"36","author":"Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7545.808","article-title":"Life expectancy: women now on top everywhere","volume":"332","author":"Barford","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0050","first-page":"49","article-title":"Teor\u00edas m\u00e9dicas y la clasificaci\u00f3n de las causas de muerte","volume":"XI","author":"Barona Vilar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn de la ADEH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2017.08.004","article-title":"Where are the missing girls? Gender discrimination in 19th-century Spain","volume":"66","author":"Beltr\u00e1n Tapia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0060","series-title":"Life Under Pressure: Mortality and Living Standards in Europe and Asia, 1700-1900","first-page":"27","article-title":"Living standards and economic stress","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.005","article-title":"The late emergence of socioeconomic mortality differentials: a micro-level study of adult mortality in southern Sweden 1815-1968","volume":"48","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/713779096","article-title":"Childhood misery and disease in later life: the effects on mortality in old age of hazards experienced in early life, southern Sweden, 1760-1894","volume":"54","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Popul. Stud. (Camb)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.004","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequalities in death from past to present: an introduction","volume":"48","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-020-00877-5","article-title":"When did the health gradient emerge? Social class and adult mortality in Southern Sweden, 1813-2015","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0085","series-title":"Las estad\u00edsticas demogr\u00e1fico-sanitarias","author":"Bernabeu-Mestre","year":"1992"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0090","first-page":"11","article-title":"Expresiones diagn\u00f3sticas y causas de muerte. Algunas reflexiones sobre su utilizaci\u00f3n en el an\u00e1lisis demogr\u00e1fico de la mortalidad","volume":"11","author":"Bernabeu-Mestre","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revista de Demograf\u00eda Hist\u00f3rica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0095","series-title":"Nomenclatura De Las Enfermedades (causas De Las Defunciones Por\u2026)","first-page":"3","article-title":"Reglas que deben seguirse para la clasificaci\u00f3n de las enfermedades en la nomenclatura","author":"Bertillon","year":"1899"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0100","series-title":"Techniques of Event History Modeling: New Approaches to Casual Analysis","author":"Blossfeld","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.006","article-title":"Socioeconomic conditions, health and mortality from birth to adulthood, Alghero 1866-1925","volume":"48","author":"Breschi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0110","series-title":"Life Under Pressure: Mortality and Living Standards in Europe and Asia, 1700-1900","first-page":"61","article-title":"Economic stress and mortality","author":"Campbell","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0115","series-title":"Castillo En La Traza","article-title":"Historia urbana de vera","author":"Cano","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0120","series-title":"La tierra de Vera: Nuevas contribuciones sobre la historia de un territorio de frontera","first-page":"245","article-title":"Historia urbana de vera. Castill@ en la traza","author":"Cano","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112281","article-title":"The contributution of the social environment to host resistance: the fourth Wada Hampton Frost lecture","volume":"104","author":"Cassel","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680609901113","article-title":"British maternal mortality in the 19th and early 20th centuries","volume":"99","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0135","series-title":"Concepts and Techniques for Record Linkage, Entity Resolution, and Duplicate Detection","article-title":"Data matching","author":"Christen","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0140","series-title":"Population Reconstruction","first-page":"87","article-title":"Advanced record linkage methods and privacy aspects for population reconstruction\u2014a survey and case studies","author":"Christen","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0145","series-title":"Population Reconstruction","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Danish demographic database\u2014principles and methods for cleaning and standardisation of data","author":"Clausen","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0150","series-title":"An Introduction to Survival Analysis Using Stata","author":"Cleves","year":"2008"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-016-0495-5","article-title":"A social history of disease: contextualizing the rise and fall of social inequalities in Cause-Specific Mortality","volume":"53","author":"Clouston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","article-title":"Regression models and life-tables","volume":"34","author":"Cox","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0165","series-title":"Policies and Strategies to Promote Social Equity in healthInstitute for Future Studies","author":"Dahlgren","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0170","series-title":"El Gran Escape: Salud, Riqueza Y Los Or\u00edgenes De La Desigualdad","author":"Deaton","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0175","article-title":"Social class inequalities in cause-specific adult mortality in a long-term perspective","volume":"4","author":"Debiasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lund Papers in Economic Demography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2012.26.23","article-title":"Old age, health, and social inequality: exploring the social patterns of mortality in 19th century northern Sweden","volume":"26","author":"Edvinsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0185","series-title":"Life Course and Long-term Perspectives of Social Inequality in Mortality Among Elderly and Adults in Northern Sweden 1801-2013","author":"Edvinsson","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.007","article-title":"Wealth and health in 19th Century Sweden. A study of social differences in adult mortality in the Sundsvall region","volume":"48","author":"Edvinsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0195","series-title":"Population Reconstruction","first-page":"129","article-title":"Multi-source entity Resolution for genealogical data","author":"Efremova","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2232","DOI":"10.1002\/psp.2232","article-title":"Infant mortality in mid-19th century Amsterdam: religion, social class, and space","volume":"25","author":"Ekamper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Popul. Space Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.11.037","article-title":"Socioeconomic status across the life course and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Finland","volume":"119","author":"Elo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckn053","article-title":"Social class and cause of death","volume":"18","author":"Erikson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0215","first-page":"13","article-title":"Volviendo a un viejo debate : el nivel de vida de la clase obrera brit\u00e1nica durante la Revoluci\u00f3n Industrial","volume":"21","author":"Escudero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revista de Historia Industrial"},{"issue":"328","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1969.10501049","article-title":"A theory for record linkage","volume":"64","author":"Fellegi","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0225","series-title":"Health and Labor Force Participation Over the Life Cycle: Evidence from the Past","first-page":"11","article-title":"The rich and the dead socioeconomic Status and mortality in the U. S., 1850-1860","author":"Ferrie","year":"2003"},{"issue":"446","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","article-title":"A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0235","series-title":"Second Thoughts on the European Escape From Hunger: Famines, Price Elasticities, Entitlements, Chronic Malnutrition, and Mortality Rates (N.o 1; NBER Historical Working Paper)","author":"Fogel","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0240","series-title":"New Approaches to Death in Cities During the Health Transition","first-page":"43","article-title":"). Environment, housing, and infant mortality: Udine, 1807\u20131815","author":"Fornasin","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0245","series-title":"Handbook of the Sociology of Health, Illness, and Healing","first-page":"67","article-title":"Fundamental causality: challenges of an animating concept for medical sociology","author":"Freese","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.008","article-title":"Once were farmers: occupation, social mobility, and mortality during industrialization in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec 1840-1971","volume":"48","author":"Gagnon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0255","first-page":"11","article-title":"El padr\u00f3n municipal de habitantes: origen, evoluci\u00f3n y significado","volume":"7","author":"Garc\u00eda P\u00e9rez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hispania Nova: Revista de historia contempor\u00e1nea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0260","series-title":"XX&XY?: The Changing Female Advantage in Life Expectancy (NBER Working Paper Series, N\u00famero 24716)","author":"Goldin","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0265","series-title":"Una Historia Econ\u00f3mica Hasta 1910","article-title":"Las migraciones almerienses","author":"G\u00f3mez D\u00edaz","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1093\/shm\/17.3.379","article-title":"Public health, nutrition, and the declinein mortality: the McKeown Thesis Revisited","volume":"17","author":"Harris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Hist. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-3268(08)26003-9","article-title":"Gender, health, and welfare in England and Wales since industrialisation","volume":"26","author":"Harris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0280","series-title":"Gender and Well-Being in Europe: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives","article-title":"Anthropometric history, gender and the measurement of well-being","author":"Harris","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0285","article-title":"Anthropometric historiy and the measurement of wellbeing","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anual Conference of the Economic History Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/1081602X.2019.1605923","article-title":"Urban sanitation and the decline of mortality","volume":"24","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hist. Fam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.cje.a035183","article-title":"Bread and a pennyworth of treacle\u2019: excess female mortality in England in the 1840s","volume":"15","author":"Humphries","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cambridge J. Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0300","series-title":"La Epidemia Gaditana De Fiebre Amarilla De 1800","author":"Iglesias Rodr\u00edguez","year":"1987"},{"issue":"406","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1989.10478785","article-title":"Advances in record-linkage methodology as applied to matching the 1985 census of Tampa, Florida","volume":"84","author":"Jaro","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0310","series-title":"Survival Analysis, A Self-Learning Text","author":"Kleinbaum","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp107","article-title":"Competing risk regression models for epidemiologic data","volume":"170","author":"Lau","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1006\/exeh.1996.0661","article-title":"Socioeconomic background, disease, and mortality among union army recruits: implications for economic and demographic history","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0325","series-title":"Life Under Pressure: Mortality and Living Standards in Europe and Asia, 1700-1900","first-page":"85","article-title":"Family and Community","author":"Lee","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2015.33.36","article-title":"The effects of wealth, occupation, and immigration on epidemic mortality from selected infectious diseases and epidemics in Holyoke township, Massachusetts, 1850\u22121912","volume":"33","author":"Leonard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.2307\/2626958","article-title":"Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease","volume":"35","author":"Link","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.4.471","article-title":"Understanding sociodemographic differences in health--the role of fundamental social causes","volume":"86","author":"Link","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.5.730","article-title":"McKeown and the idea that social conditions are fundamental causes of disease","volume":"92","author":"Link","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0350","series-title":"La Estad\u00edstica: Una Orquesta Hecha Instrumento","author":"Llopis P\u00e9rez","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0355","series-title":"La Estad\u00edstica: Una Orquesta Hecha Instrumento","author":"Llopis P\u00e9rez","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0360","series-title":"La tierra de Vera: Nuevas contribuciones sobre la historia de un territorio de frontera","first-page":"345","article-title":"Veratenses ante la muerte: transici\u00f3n demogr\u00e1fica y epidemias a principios del siglo XIX","author":"Luque de Haro","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0365","series-title":"Desigualdad Social Y Mortalidad: Ensayo Interpretativo Y Estudio Emp\u00edrico De Un Caso En El Sureste Espa\u00f1ol","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis hist\u00f3rico del nivel de vida en andaluc\u00eda","author":"Luque de Haro","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.06.051","article-title":"A socially neutral disease? Individual social class, household wealth and mortality from Spanish influenza in two socially contrasting parishes in Kristiania 1918\u201319","volume":"62","author":"Mamelund","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-9713.2004.00058.x","article-title":"Status syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Marmot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Significance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71146-6","article-title":"Public Health Social determinants of health inequalities","volume":"365","author":"Marmot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0385","series-title":"The Modern Rise of Population","author":"McKeown","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0390","series-title":"Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean","first-page":"1620","article-title":"Mosquito empires: ecology and war in the greater Caribbean, 1620\u20131914","author":"McNeill","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/ereh\/hev023","article-title":"Industrialization and inequality revisited: mortality differentials and vulnerability to economic stress in Stockholm, 1878-1926","volume":"20","author":"Molitoris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0400","series-title":"La poblaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola: Siglos XVI a XX","author":"Nadal","year":"1966"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0405","first-page":"65","article-title":"Causas de muerte y relaci\u00f3n entre conocimiento cient\u00edfico y conocimiento popular","volume":"XI","author":"Perdiguero Gil","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn de la ADEH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0410","article-title":"Las crisis de mortalidad en la espa\u00f1a interior","volume":"vol. 36","author":"P\u00e9rez Moreda","year":"1980"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3917\/popu.p1975.30n1.0243","article-title":"L\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9 sociale devant la mort \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle","volume":"30","author":"Perrenoud","year":"1975","journal-title":"Population"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3406\/adh.1981.1490","article-title":"Surmortalit\u00e9 f\u00e9minine et condition de la femme (XVIIe-XIXe si\u00e8cles). Une v\u00e9rification empirique","author":"Perrenoud","year":"1981","journal-title":"Annales de d\u00e9mographie historique"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146510383498","article-title":"Social conditions as fundamental causes of health inequalities: theory, evidence, and policy implications","volume":"51","author":"Phelan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0430","series-title":"Capital in the Twenty-First Century","author":"Piketty","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006182029835","article-title":"Mortality peaks in Italy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries: trends by age and sex","volume":"14","author":"Pinnelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Europ. J. Populat. Revue europenne de Dmographie"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2011.03.017","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis de riesgos competitivos","volume":"64","author":"Pintilie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Espa Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0445","series-title":"Introducci\u00f3n a La Demograf\u00eda","author":"Pressat","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0450","series-title":"Fatal Years","author":"Preston","year":"1991"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1006\/exeh.1995.1022","article-title":"Strangers\u2032 disease: determinants of yellow fever mortality during the new orleans epidemic of 1853","volume":"32","author":"Pritchett","year":"1995","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0460","first-page":"181","article-title":"Propuestas metodol\u00f3gicas para la aplicaci\u00f3n de HISCO en el caso de Catalu\u00f1a, siglos XV-XX","volume":"32","author":"Pujadas-Mora","year":"2014","journal-title":"Revista de Demograf\u00eda Hist\u00f3rica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0465","first-page":"167","article-title":"De expresiones diagn\u00f3sticas a causas de muerte: una propuesta metodol\u00f3gica para el an\u00e1lisis de la mortalidad","volume":"21","author":"Ramiro Fari\u00f1as","year":"2003","journal-title":"Revista de Demograf\u00eda Hist\u00f3rica"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/shm\/hkl048","article-title":"The hazards of wealth: adult mortality in Pre-Twentieth-Century England","volume":"19","author":"Razzell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc. Hist. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0475","first-page":"121","article-title":"Revisitando Garcia Faria: un estudio de los factores espaciales y medioambientales de la mortalidad en la Barcelona de finales del siglo XIX","volume":"XXIV","author":"Reca\u00f1o","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista de Demograf\u00eda Hist\u00f3rica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0480","volume":"13","author":"Reher","year":"1995"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0485","first-page":"69","article-title":"Fiebre amarilla","volume":"18","author":"Restrepo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revista CES MEDICINA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0490","first-page":"1","article-title":"Salud p\u00fablica en Espa\u00f1a: de la Edad Media al siglo XXI","author":"Rodr\u00edguez Oca\u00f1a","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nueva Salud P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1080\/0032472031000146486","article-title":"Migration, marriage, and mortality: correcting sources of Bias in english family reconstitutions","volume":"46","author":"Ruggles","year":"1992","journal-title":"Popul. Stud. (Camb)"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3366\/hac.2002.14.1-2.213","article-title":"Linking historical censuses: a new approach","volume":"14","author":"Ruggles","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hist. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073117-041447","article-title":"Historical census record linkage","volume":"44","author":"Ruggles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0510","series-title":"Homenaje Al Padre Tapia","article-title":"Marchar a las andaluc\u00edas. Un episodio migratorio en la almer\u00eda del siglo XIX","author":"S\u00e1nchez Pic\u00f3n","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0515","first-page":"261","article-title":"Ejes de desarrollo en el Sureste y la Andaluc\u00eda mediterr\u00e1nea (1800-2000)","volume":"42","author":"S\u00e1nchez Pic\u00f3n","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hist. Contemp."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv322","article-title":"Probabilistic record linkage","volume":"45","author":"Sayers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.010","article-title":"Social class, social mobility and mortality in the Netherlands, 1850-2004","volume":"48","author":"Schenk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0530","series-title":"The World We Have Gained: Histories of Population and Social Structure","first-page":"231","article-title":"Did the mothers really die? Three centuries of maternal mortality in the world we have lost","author":"Schofield","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0535","series-title":"The Decline of Mortality in Europe","first-page":"1","article-title":"The decline of mortality in Europe","author":"Schofield","year":"1991"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eeh.2011.05.011","article-title":"Long-term changes in social mortality differentials, Geneva, 1625-2004","volume":"48","author":"Schumacher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Explor. Econ. Hist."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.359","article-title":"Regression modeling of competing risk using R: An in depth guide for clinicians","volume":"45","author":"Scrucca","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.2307\/203888","article-title":"Differential mortality in the United States before 1900","volume":"13","author":"Smith","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Interdiscip. Hist."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0555","first-page":"503","article-title":"The Relationship of Nutrition, Disease, and Social Conditions: A Graphical Presentation","volume":"2","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Interdiscip. Hist."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108072","article-title":"Occupational class inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged men in 14 european populations during the early 2000s","volume":"9","author":"Toch-Marquardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0565","series-title":"Teor\u00edas Dominantes Y Alternativas En Epidemiolog\u00eda (II)","author":"Urqu\u00eda","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0570","series-title":"The Demography of Europe","first-page":"139","article-title":"Inequalities in life expectancy between and within European countries","author":"Vallin","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2004.S2.2","article-title":"Convergences and divergences in mortality. A new approach to health transition","author":"Vallin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0580","series-title":"Hisclass: a Historical International Social Class Scheme","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0585","series-title":"HISCO: Historical International Standard Classification of Occupations","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0590","first-page":"619","article-title":"The life expectancy of medical professionals in the Netherlands, sixteenth to twentieth centuries","volume":"71","author":"Van Poppel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Population"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0595","article-title":"String comparator metrics and enhanced decision rules in the fellegi-sunter model of record linkage","author":"Winkler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941_bib0600","series-title":"The State of Record Linkage and Current Research Problems","author":"Winkler","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Economics & Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1570677X20302112?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1570677X20302112?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T23:20:13Z","timestamp":1761607213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1570677X20302112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":120,"alternative-id":["S1570677X20302112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941","relation":{},"ISSN":["1570-677X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1570-677X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Inequality in mortality in pre-industrial southern Europe during an epidemic episode: socio-economic determinants (eighteenth - nineteenth centuries Spain)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Economics & Human Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ehb.2020.100941","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100941"}}