{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:48:45Z","timestamp":1761630525117},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,27]],"date-time":"2009-07-27T08:08:50Z","timestamp":1248682130000},"page":"110-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["S\u00edndrome de reconstituci\u00f3n inmunol\u00f3gica asociado al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y sida. Estado del arte"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Reyes-Corcho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadira","family":"Bouza-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1086\/522182","article-title":"Immune reconstitution syndrome and exacerbation of infections after pregnancy","volume":"45","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro732","article-title":"The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis","volume":"1","author":"Casadevall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0821-2","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of paradoxical deterioration during antituberculosis therapy in non-HIV-infected patients","volume":"21","author":"Cheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01791.x","article-title":"High levels of inflammatory cytokines are associated with poor clinical response to steroid treatment and recurrent episodes of type 1 reactions in leprosy","volume":"128","author":"Manandhar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70085-3","article-title":"Immune reconstitution syndrome associated with opportunistic mycosis; risk factors, pathophysiologic basis and approach to management","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1086\/313809","article-title":"Immunorestitution disease involving the innate and adaptive response","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1086\/383034","article-title":"Immune reconstitution in HIV-infected patients","volume":"38","author":"Hirsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki444","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: More answers, more questions","volume":"57","author":"Shelburne","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Antimicrobial Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib9","unstructured":"UNAIDS\/WHO. AIDS epidemic update: December 2007. Geneva: UNAIDS\/WHO\/, 07.27E\/JC1322E."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199211000-00009","article-title":"Zidovudine induced restoration of cell-mediated immunity to mycobacteria in immunodeficient HIV-infected patients","volume":"6","author":"French","year":"1992","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000226949.64600.f9","article-title":"The changing spectrum of pulmonary disease in patients with HIV infection on antirretroviral therapy","volume":"20","author":"Grubb","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib12","first-page":"51","article-title":"Actualizaciones cl\u00ednico-terap\u00e9uticas en infecci\u00f3n por el VIH-parte ii. S\u00edndrome de reconstituci\u00f3n inmunol\u00f3gica","volume":"9","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Panam Infectol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131375.21070.06","article-title":"Immune restoration disease after antiretroviral therapy","volume":"18","author":"French","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39107.480359.80","article-title":"Leprosy after starting antiretroviral treatment","volume":"334","author":"Lawn","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000161769.06158.8a","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"19","author":"Shelburne","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1293.2000.00012.x","article-title":"Immune restoration disease after the treatment of immunodeficient HIV-infected patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"1","author":"French","year":"2000","journal-title":"HIV Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1086\/499356","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory s\u00edndrome in an ethnically diverse HIV type 1-infected cohort","volume":"42","author":"Ratnam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280f7751f","article-title":"Tuberculosis manifested by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during HAART","volume":"21","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000200543.80712.01","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV","volume":"19","author":"Lipman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Opinion Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1086\/510489","article-title":"Hospitalization and mortality among HIV-infected children after receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"44","author":"Puthanakit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib21","first-page":"32","article-title":"Evoluci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica e inmunovirol\u00f3gica de individuos VIH positivos con tuberculosis en Cuba","volume":"20","author":"Reyes Corcho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-6-200009190-00013","article-title":"Inflammatory reactions in HIV-1-infected persons after initiation of antiretroviral therapy","volume":"133","author":"De Simone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70140-7","article-title":"Immune reconstitution disease associated with mycobacterial infections in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretrovirals","volume":"5","author":"Lawn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000176211.08581.5a","article-title":"How effectively does HAART restore immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis? Implications for tuberculosis control","volume":"19","author":"Lawn","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib25","first-page":"38","article-title":"Actualizaciones cl\u00ednico-terap\u00e9uticas en infecci\u00f3n por el VIH- parte i. Durabilidad del tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV) en pacientes naive","volume":"9","author":"Cabrera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Panam Infectol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.1.9712001","article-title":"Paradoxical worsening of TB following antiretroviral therapy in patients with AIDS","volume":"158","author":"Narita","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(01)00200-1","article-title":"Immune dysfunction and immune restoration disease in HIV patients given highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"22","author":"Price","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39064.406389.94","article-title":"When should antiretroviral therapy for HIV be started?","volume":"334","author":"Phillips","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib29","unstructured":"NIH\/CDC\/HIVMA\/IDSA. Guidelines for prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescent. 2008 June [citado 28 Jul 2008]. Disponible en: URL: http:\/\/AIDSinfo.nih.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib30","first-page":"248","article-title":"Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in adults with tuberculosis: Current status","volume":"9","author":"Kwara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.2.597","article-title":"Reconstitution of immune response to tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection who receive antirretroviral therapy","volume":"122","author":"Schluger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1086\/340636","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis immune restoration disease occurs during highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced restoration of CMV-specific immune responses within a predominant Th2 cytokine environment","volume":"185","author":"Stone","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1086\/342044","article-title":"Association between immune recovery uveitis and a diverse intraocular cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T cell response","volume":"186","author":"Mutimer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1086\/515019","article-title":"High incidence of herpes zoster in patients with AIDS soon after therapy with protease inhibitors","volume":"27","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)00703-3","article-title":"Herpes zoster as an immune reconstitution disease after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection","volume":"110","author":"Domingo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.8.1142","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy with unusual inflammatory response during antiretroviral treatment","volume":"74","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2217\/17520363.2.4.349","article-title":"Biomarkers of HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Bonham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1086\/595006","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: A reappraisal","volume":"48","author":"French","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1086\/595889","article-title":"CD4+ T cell recovery with antiretroviral therapy more than the sum of the parts","volume":"48","author":"Geng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-5-2","article-title":"Does CD4+CD25+foxp3+ cell (Treg) and IL-10 profile determine susceptibility to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV disease?","volume":"5","author":"Shankar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7268.1061","article-title":"Science, medicine, and the future: Susceptibility to infection","volume":"321","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.014027","article-title":"Progressive neuropsychiatric problems following institution of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"81","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350501000303","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of IRIS s\u00edndrome in patients with HIV and tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"Michailidis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.019224","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions during tuberculosis treatment in patients with and without HIV co-infection","volume":"59","author":"Breen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70184-1","article-title":"Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Case definition for use in resource-limited settings","volume":"8","author":"Meintjes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000174450.70874.30","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome complicating HIV-associated cryptococcosis in France","volume":"19","author":"Lortholary","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328011efac","article-title":"Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution disease: Incidence, risk factors and impact in an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa","volume":"21","author":"Lawn","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1086\/503903","article-title":"Immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV: Validating a case definition and identifying clinical predictors in persons initiating antiretroviral therapy","volume":"42","author":"Robertson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181594c8c","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Risk factors and treatment implications","volume":"46","author":"Manabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib50","first-page":"6","article-title":"Providing HIV care for co-infected tuberculosis patients: A perspective from sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"13","author":"Harries","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1086\/595985","article-title":"Unmasked tuberculosis and tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory disease: A disease spectrum after initiation of antiretroviral therapy","volume":"199","author":"Manabe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib52","first-page":"353","article-title":"Tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes con sida y micobacteriosis","volume":"65","author":"Corti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medicina (Buenos Aires)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1086\/381033","article-title":"Pyomyositis and cutaneus abscesses due Mycobacterium avium: An immune reconstitution manifestation in patient with AIDS","volume":"38","author":"Lawn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199807000-00021","article-title":"Regional Bacillus Calmette-Guerin lymphadenitis after initiating anti-retroviral therapy in an infant with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection","volume":"17","author":"Sharp","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ped Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.06.026","article-title":"Paradoxical worsening of pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus","volume":"101","author":"Yano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2006.0050","article-title":"Dynamic variation in the cellular origin of HIV type 1 during treatment of tuberculosis in dually infected subjects","volume":"23","author":"Toossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Hum Retrovir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1207546","article-title":"Weitere Mittheilungen uber ein heilmittel gegen tuberculose","volume":"16","author":"Koch","year":"1890","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.1.97","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions of tuberculosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"162","author":"Navas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.1.193","article-title":"Paradoxical worsening of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons","volume":"120","author":"Wendel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib60","first-page":"462","article-title":"Immune reconstitution s\u00edndrome in patients treated for HIV and tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro","volume":"11","author":"Serra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bras J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.0085","article-title":"Immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient with AIDS with paradoxically deteriorating brain tuberculoma","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.019323","article-title":"Progressive symptoms and signs following institution of highly active antiretroviral therapy and subsequent antituberculosis therapy: Immune reconstitution syndrome or infection?","volume":"82","author":"Miller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2006.22.1052","article-title":"Occult Hepatic Opportunistic Infection (OI) and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Induced immune reconstitution: An important cause of jaundice in a patient with AIDS","volume":"22","author":"Verma","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000176221.33237.67","article-title":"Does immune reconstitution syndrome promote active tuberculosis in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy?","volume":"19","author":"Breen","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1086\/344446","article-title":"Borderline tuberculoid leprosy: An immune reconstitution phenomenon in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons","volume":"36","author":"Lawn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batista MB, Porro AM, Maeda SM, Gomes EE, Yoshioka MCM, Enokihara MMSS, et al. Leprosy reversal reaction as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with AIDS, 2008; 46:56\u201360.","DOI":"10.1086\/528864"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1086\/428618","article-title":"The role of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related Cryptococcus neoformans disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"40","author":"Shelburne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1086\/507895","article-title":"Symptomatic relapse of HIV-associated Cryptococcal meningitis after initial fluconazole monotherapy: The role of fluconazole resistance and immune reconstitution","volume":"43","author":"Bicanic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib69","first-page":"5","article-title":"Histoplasmosis en pacientes infectados por VIH en la era \u00abHAART\u00bb","volume":"6","author":"Cahn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Enf Emerg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000199014.66139.39","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients with disseminated histoplamosis","volume":"20","author":"Breton","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.5.2007034","article-title":"Acute respiratory failure following HAART introduction in patients treated for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia","volume":"164","author":"Wislez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib72","article-title":"Transient clinical deterioration in HIV patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after starting highly active antiretroviral therapy: Another case of immune restoration inflammatory syndrome","volume":"1670","author":"Dean","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1086\/526783","article-title":"Acute cytomegalovirus colitis presenting during primary HIV infection: An unusual case of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Von Both","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21513","article-title":"Chronic hepatitis B","volume":"45","author":"Lok","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200401230-00029","article-title":"Interpretation of undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA levels in HIV-hepatitis C virus co-infection","volume":"18","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1086\/520095","article-title":"De-\u00abLiver\u00bb-ing HIV\/hepatitis C virus\u2013coinfected patients from antiretroviral hepatotoxicity","volume":"196","author":"Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2007.0017","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus activation in HIV-infected patients. Initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care and STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2005.19.486","article-title":"AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of HAART: Report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Wyen","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care and STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537247","article-title":"The good and evil of HAART in HIV-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopaty","volume":"7","author":"Cinque","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib80","unstructured":"Tan K, Roda R, Ostrow L, McArthur J, Nath A. PML-IRIS in patients with HIV infection. Clinical manifestations and treatment with steroids. Neurology. 2009 Jan [citado 28 Ene 2009]. Disponible en: URL: http:\/\/www.neurology.org\/cgi\/content\/abstract\/01.wnl.0000343510.08643.74v1?"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000227922.22293.93","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the CNS of HIV-infected patients","volume":"67","author":"Venkataramana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3282a6463d","article-title":"Immune reconstitution disease associated with parasitic infections following initiation of antiretroviral therapy","volume":"20","author":"Lawn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-4-21","article-title":"Immune restoration syndrome with disseminated Penicillium marneffei and cytomegalovirus co-infection in an AIDS patient","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2008.0004","article-title":"Diffuse intra-abdominal granulomatous seeding as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with microsporidiosis in a patient with HIV","volume":"22","author":"Sriaroon","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care and STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27492008000500020","article-title":"Vitreitis and movement disorder associated with neurosyphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: Case report","volume":"71","author":"Sousa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32830184df","article-title":"Neurosyphilis in clinical cohort of HIV-1-infected patients","volume":"22","author":"Ghanem","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawson E, Bond K, Churchill D, Walker-Bone K. A case of immune reconstitution syndrome: Adult-onset Still's disease in patient with HIV infection. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Jan. [citado 28 Ene 2009]. Disponible en: URL: http:\/\/rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org\/cgi\/content\/extract\/ken514v1","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken514"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1086\/368311","article-title":"Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome associated with immune reconstitution","volume":"36","author":"Piliero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1086\/524082","article-title":"De novo autoimmune hepatitis during immune reconstitution in an HIV-infected patient receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"46","author":"O\u2019 Leary","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283210006","article-title":"Autoimmunity and HIV. HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"22","author":"Stratton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1086\/381094","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in HIV-infected patient in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"38","author":"Foulon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.935.535","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in HIV infection: A report and a review of the literature","volume":"79","author":"Trevenzoli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib93","first-page":"95","article-title":"Sarcoma de Kaposi en paciente con SIDA en el seno del s\u00edndrome de reconstituci\u00f3n immune","volume":"23","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2006","journal-title":"An Med Interna (Madrid)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2458","article-title":"Imaging features of pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma-associated immune reconstitution syndrome","volume":"189","author":"Godoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1086\/426078","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi sarcoma during potent antiretroviral therapy","volume":"39","author":"Connick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-3-1","article-title":"Insights pathogenic events of HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-related Kaposi sarcoma","volume":"3","author":"Feller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infectious Agents and Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1086\/592298","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpervirus disease: Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease","volume":"47","author":"Sullivan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11195-0","article-title":"Preeclampsia, antiretroviral therapy, and immune reconstitution","volume":"360","author":"Wimalasundera","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1086\/520814","article-title":"Pregnancy and HIV disease progression during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"196","author":"Tai","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2006.CDC2","article-title":"Hospitalization of pregnant HIV-infected women in the United States in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)","volume":"16","author":"Bansil","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib101","first-page":"145","article-title":"Progressive supravenous granulomatous nodular eruption in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive intravenous drug user treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"158","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Casado","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.20.823","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome presenting as sinusitis with inflammatory pseudotumor in an HIV-infected patient: A case report and review of literature","volume":"20","author":"Chan-Tack","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS patient care and STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/208140","article-title":"Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma in HIV\/AIDS","volume":"18","author":"Kyrollos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.4065\/83.11.1275","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus-associated myocarditis","volume":"83","author":"Rogers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328011cb38","article-title":"Successful drug treatment of immune reconstitution disease with leukotriene receptor antagonist, montelukast: A clue to pathogenesis?","volume":"21","author":"Lipman","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200666180-00003","article-title":"Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection: A practical therapeutic approach","volume":"66","author":"Breen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.7.827","article-title":"Treatment for adult HIV infection: 2006 recommendations of the international AIDS society-USA panel","volume":"296","author":"Hammer","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1157\/13123842","volume":"26","year":"2008","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib109","series-title":"Tuberculosis y SIDA en Cuba: aspectos cl\u00ednicos m\u00e1s relevantes [tesis doctoral]","author":"Reyes Corcho","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31802e2975","article-title":"Timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation in tuberculosis patients with AIDS: A decision analysis","volume":"44","author":"Schiffer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib111","unstructured":"Miller V, editor. HIV-TB co-infection: Meeting the challenge. Report of the forum for collaborative HIV research and TB\/HIV working group of the stop TB partnership. Symposium and roundtable discussions on HIV\/TB. The George Washington University; 2007."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31819367e7","article-title":"Effect of simultaneous use of highly active antiretroviral therapy on survival of HIV patients with tuberculosis","volume":"50","author":"Velasco","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-4-13","article-title":"BK virus associated meningoencephalitis in an AIDS patient treated with HAART","volume":"4","author":"Vidal","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200868020-00004","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: Pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and management","volume":"68","author":"Dhasmana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-5-50","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium complex immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Long term outcomes","volume":"5","author":"Riddell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1159\/000110494","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome presenting as pericarditis and pericardial effusion","volume":"110","author":"Rapose","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee CH, Lui CC, Liu JW. Immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient with AIDS, 2007; 21:234\u20139.","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.0085"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f4a607","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV patients in South Africa: A prospective study","volume":"22","author":"Murdoch","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318149e6de","article-title":"Acute peritonitis as presentations of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected man","volume":"355","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-007-0036-x","article-title":"Pulmonary infections in the HIV-infected patient in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: An update","volume":"9","author":"Lazarous","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000232235.26630.ee","article-title":"Tuberculosis after HAART initiation in HIV-positive patients from five countries with a high tuberculosis burden","volume":"20","author":"Bonnet","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2008.205","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome among HIV\/AIDS patients during highly active antiretroviral therapy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","volume":"61","author":"Huruy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200709-1311PP","article-title":"Immune reconstitution and \u00abunmasking\u00bb of tuberculosis during antiretroviral therapy","volume":"177","author":"Lawn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32830007cd","article-title":"Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"22","author":"Lawn","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"],"original-title":[],"language":"es","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0213005X0900336X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0213005X0900336X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T04:25:44Z","timestamp":1685075144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0213005X0900336X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"references-count":124,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0213005X0900336X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eimc.2009.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0213-005X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0213-005X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}}}