{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:04:36Z","timestamp":1791821076098,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.es","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T16:53:28Z","timestamp":1562000008000},"page":"111-118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in children. A retrospective study in a single center over three decades"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Jorge","family":"Garc\u00eda-Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Melendo-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"Mart\u00edn-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Antoinette","family":"Frick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Balcells-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Pujol-Jover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mart\u00edn-Nalda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Mendoza-Palomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pere","family":"Soler-Palac\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0205","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Atypical (interstitial) pneumonia in children caused by Pneumocystis carinii","volume":"90","author":"Vanek","year":"1951","journal-title":"Cas Lek Cesk"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.2820360612","article-title":"Intensity of immunosuppressive therapy and the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis","volume":"36","author":"Hughes","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80967-5","article-title":"Prevalence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in severe combined immunodeficiency","volume":"99","author":"Leggiadro","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302113280601","article-title":"Unexplained opportunistic infections and CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia without HIV infection. An investigation of cases in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia Task Force","volume":"328","author":"Smith","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000100046.06009.b0","article-title":"The X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome: clinical and immunologic features of 79 patients","volume":"82","author":"Winkelstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00001-11","article-title":"Infectious diseases in patients with IRAK-4, MyD88, NEMO, or IkappaBalpha deficiency","volume":"24","author":"Picard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82002-5","article-title":"A multiinstitutional survey of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome","volume":"125","author":"Sullivan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2007.053397","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial dysmorphism (ICF syndrome)","volume":"45","author":"Hagleitner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350140227031","article-title":"Progressive immune failure in dyskeratosis congenita. Report of an adult in whom Pneumocystis carinii and fatal disseminated candidiasis developed","volume":"144","author":"Wiedemann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32833fd718","article-title":"Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency","volume":"10","author":"Su","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1271","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0311","article-title":"Pneumocystis jiroveci infection in patients with hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome","volume":"118","author":"Freeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61601-8","article-title":"Velocardiofacial syndrome. DiGeorge syndrome: the chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndromes","volume":"370","author":"Kobrynski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000229482.27398.ad","article-title":"X-linked agammaglobulinemia: report on a United States registry of 201 patients","volume":"85","author":"Winkelstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198112103052401","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and mucosal candidiasis in previously healthy homosexual men: evidence of a new acquired cellular immunodeficiency","volume":"305","author":"Gottlieb","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510040074032","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among US children with perinatally acquired HIV infection","volume":"270","author":"Simonds","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0280","volume":"32","author":"Siberry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0285","article-title":"Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients","volume":"10","author":"Stern","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw157","article-title":"ECIL guidelines for preventing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant recipients","volume":"71","author":"Maertens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12119","article-title":"Practice ASTIDCo. Pneumocystis pneumonia in solid organ transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Martin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2006.03.010","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of nested and real-time PCR for the detection of Pneumocystis jiroveci in clinical specimens","volume":"56","author":"Alvarez-Martinez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80113-1","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in children with malignancies","volume":"82","author":"Hughes","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1970.03180060045009","article-title":"Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia in children with cancer. Diagnosis and treatment","volume":"214","author":"Johnson","year":"1970","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.70.3.241","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in vertically acquired HIV infection in the British Isles","volume":"70","author":"Gibb","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2074-7","article-title":"Children with human immunodeficiency virus admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit in the United Kingdom over a 10-year period","volume":"30","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200102160-00006","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus infection in children with vertically acquired HIV infection","volume":"15","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2012.00739.x","article-title":"Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a detailed examination of symptoms, management, and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected persons","volume":"14","author":"McKinnell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2011.01589.x","article-title":"Outcomes of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia infections in pediatric heart transplant recipients","volume":"15","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4065\/71.1.5","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: associated illness and prior corticosteroid therapy","volume":"71","author":"Yale","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.131668","article-title":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with or without AIDS, France","volume":"20","author":"Roux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.3.704","article-title":"Management and outcome patterns for adult Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 1985 to 1995: comparison of HIV-associated cases to other immunocompromised states","volume":"118","author":"Mansharamani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21577","article-title":"Clinical conditions associated with PCP in children","volume":"47","author":"Saltzman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.5.1204","article-title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Differences in lung parasite number and inflammation in patients with and without AIDS","volume":"140","author":"Limper","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.6.1198","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophilia associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in AIDS patients. Comparative study with non-AIDS patients","volume":"95","author":"Fleury-Feith","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1403162","article-title":"Eosinophils contribute to early clearance of Pneumocystis murina infection","volume":"195","author":"Eddens","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2016.59.6.252","article-title":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in pediatric patients: an analysis of 15 confirmed consecutive cases during 14 years","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0380","article-title":"Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-HIV children: a 10-year retrospective study","author":"Ling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2221-8","article-title":"Clinical course, treatment and outcome of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised adults: a retrospective analysis over 17 years","volume":"22","author":"Schmidt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00008-10","article-title":"Lipoic acid metabolism in microbial pathogens","volume":"74","author":"Spalding","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0395","article-title":"Adjunctive corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV infection","volume":"4","author":"Ewald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e137","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000000642","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the data behind current recommendations for corticosteroids in non-HIV-related PCP: knowing when you are on shaky foundations","volume":"3","author":"Injean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"}],"container-title":["Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0213005X19301879?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0213005X19301879?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T13:05:21Z","timestamp":1759323921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0213005X19301879"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0213005X19301879"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0213-005X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0213-005X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in children. A retrospective study in a single center over three decades","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eimc.2019.05.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. and Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}