{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:58:37Z","timestamp":1780102717382,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,11]],"date-time":"2006-06-11T13:58:40Z","timestamp":1150034320000},"page":"1544-1553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Bone markers in multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Heider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Fleissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Zavrski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Jakob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Sezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01206.x","article-title":"for the EORTC Study Group on Quality of Life. Development of an EORTC questionnaire module to be used in quality of life assessment for patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"104","author":"Stead","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brit J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041131","article-title":"Fracture risk with multiple myeloma: a population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Melton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1990.tb07904.x","article-title":"Osteoblast stimulation in multiple myeloma lacking lytic bone lesions","volume":"76","author":"Bataille","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1997.4213236.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging patterns in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"99","author":"Kusumoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01244.x","article-title":"Prognostic value of vertebral lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with stage I multiple myeloma","volume":"104","author":"Mariette","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1982.tb03936.x","article-title":"Quantitative histology of myeloma-induced bone changes","volume":"52","author":"Valentin-Opran","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-1131","article-title":"Cancer and the Microenvironment: Myeloma-Osteoclast Interactions as a Model","volume":"64","author":"Yaccoby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197411142912001","article-title":"Evidence for the secretion of an osteoclast stimulating factor in myeloma","volume":"291","author":"Mundy","year":"1974","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198708273170902","article-title":"Production of lymphotoxin, a bone-resorbing cytokine, by cultured human myeloma cells","volume":"317","author":"Garrett","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.2.671","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha is a potential osteoclast stimulatory factor in multiple myeloma","volume":"96","author":"Choi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/319516a0","article-title":"Stimulation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation in vitro by human tumouur necrosis factors","volume":"319","author":"Bertolini","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V74.4.1266.1266","article-title":"Production of cytokines by bone marrow cells obtained from patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"74","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01193.x","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-1beta and tumouur necrosis factor-alpha in plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"104","author":"Sati","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib14","first-page":"15","article-title":"Interleukin-1 beta stimulates bone resorption and inhibits bone formation in vivo","volume":"10","author":"Nguyen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lymphokine Cytokine Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V74.1.380.380","article-title":"Production of interleukin-1 by bone marrow myeloma cells","volume":"74","author":"Cozzolino","year":"1989","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4226","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.11.4226","article-title":"IL-6 stimulates osteoclast-like multinucleated cell formation in long term human marrow cultures by inducing IL-1 release","volume":"144","author":"Kurihara","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V74.1.11.11","article-title":"Interleukin-6 is a potent myeloma-cell growth factor in patients with aggressive multiple myeloma","volume":"174","author":"Zhang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib18","first-page":"163","article-title":"Clinical significance of interleukin-6 gene expression in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"70","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.4.1495.bloodjournal8741495","article-title":"Development of an in vivo model of human multiple myeloma bone disease","volume":"87","author":"Alsina","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7512","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.19.7512","article-title":"Molecular Cloning of a cDNA Encoding Interleukin 11, a Stromal Cell-Derived Lymphopoietic and Haematopoietic Cytokine","volume":"87","author":"Paul","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00784-6","article-title":"Characterization of the bone-resorptive effect of interleukin-11 in cultured mouse calvarial bones","volume":"31","author":"Ahlen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-06-1992","article-title":"IL-3 expression by myeloma cells increases both osteoclast formation and growth of myeloma cells","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/36593","article-title":"A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T-cell growth and dendritic-cell function","volume":"390","author":"Anderson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3379","article-title":"Protein expression and functional difference of membrane-bound and soluble receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand: modulation of the expression by osteotropic factors and cytokines","volume":"275","author":"Nakashima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13613","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.19.13613","article-title":"Evidence for a role of a tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-converting enzyme-like protease in shedding of TRANCE, a TNF family member involved in osteoclastogenesis and dendritic cell survival","volume":"274","author":"Lum","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2314","article-title":"Cancer cells responsible for humoral hypercalcemia express mRNA encoding a secreted form of ODF\/TRANCE that induces osteoclast formation","volume":"269","author":"Nagai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3540","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3540","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor receptor family member RANK mediates osteoclast differentiation and activation induced by osteoprotegerin ligand","volume":"96","author":"Hsu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81569-X","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation","volume":"93","author":"Lacey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80209-3","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin: a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density","volume":"89","author":"Simonet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9394","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin production by human osteoblast lineage cells is stimulated by vitamin D, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and cytokines","volume":"250","author":"Hofbauer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/16852","article-title":"OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis","volume":"397","author":"Kong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.9.1260","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin-deficient mice develop early onset osteoporosis and arterial calcification","volume":"12","author":"Bucay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5050","DOI":"10.1210\/en.142.12.5050","article-title":"The OPG\/RANKL\/RANK system","volume":"142","author":"Khosla","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.1.2","article-title":"The roles of osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin ligand in the paracrine regulation of bone resorption","volume":"15","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010801)92:3<460::AID-CNCR1344>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and osteoprotegerin: potential implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of malignant bone diseases","volume":"92","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11581","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201394498","article-title":"Multiple myeloma disrupts the TRANCE\/ osteoprotegerin cytokine axis to trigger bone destruction and promote tumour progression","volume":"98","author":"Pearse","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-09-2684","article-title":"RANK ligand and osteoprotegerin in myeloma bone disease","volume":"101","author":"Sezer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.13.3527","article-title":"Myeloma cells induce imbalance in the osteoprotegerin\/osteoprotegerin ligand system in the human bone marrow environment","volume":"98","author":"Giuliani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03417.x","article-title":"RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB) and RANKL expression in multiple myeloma","volume":"117","author":"Roux","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1027362507683","article-title":"Bone marrow metastatic myeloma cells promote osteoclastogenesis through RANKL on endothelial cells","volume":"20","author":"Okada","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3534","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.13.3534","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin inhibits the development of osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma","volume":"98","author":"Croucher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.1.353","article-title":"Human bone marrow myeloma cells express RANKL","volume":"20","author":"Sezer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4646","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0148","article-title":"Immunocytochemistry reveals RANKL expression of myeloma cells","volume":"99","author":"Sezer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib44","first-page":"5438","article-title":"Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand expression by human myeloma cells mediates osteoclast formation in vitro and correlates with bone destruction in vivo","volume":"63","author":"Farrugia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05018.x","article-title":"Myeloma cells can directly contribute to the pool of RANKL in bone bypassing the classic stromal and osteoblast pathway of osteoclast stimulation","volume":"126","author":"Lai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-004-0578-3","article-title":"Expression of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) mRNA in human multiple myeloma cells","volume":"130","author":"Heider","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib47","first-page":"S180","article-title":"Expression of Rank ligand (RANKL) by myeloma cells requires binding to bone marrow stromal cells via an a4b1-VCAM-1 interaction","volume":"23","author":"Oyajobi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib48","first-page":"1436","article-title":"Expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand on bone marrow plasma cells correlates with osteolytic bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"9","author":"Heider","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3002","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-04-1190","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin is bound, internalized, and degraded by multiple myeloma cells","volume":"100","author":"Standal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.05.098","article-title":"Proteasome inhibitors abrogate osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast function","volume":"333","author":"Zavrski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-200506000-00002","article-title":"Proteasome: An emerging target for cancer therapy","volume":"23","author":"Zavrski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anti-Cancer Drug"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03257.x","article-title":"Myeloma interacts with the bone marrow microenvironment to induce osteoclastogenesis and is dependent on osteoclast activity","volume":"116","author":"Yaccoby","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11138","article-title":"A phase I study of AMGN-0007, a recombinant osteoprotegerin construct, in patients with multiple myeloma or breast carcinoma related bone metastases","volume":"97","author":"Body","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.59.1.61","article-title":"The role of MIP-1 alpha in inflammation and haematopoiesis","volume":"59","author":"Cook","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Leuk Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6065","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.11.6065","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and IL-8 stimulate the motility but suppress the resorption of isolated rat osteoclasts","volume":"154","author":"Fuller","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.6.2195","article-title":"Role for macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta in the development of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma","volume":"100","author":"Abe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib57","first-page":"399","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (LD78) expressed in human bone marrow: its role in regulation of haematopoiesis and osteoclast recruitment","volume":"76","author":"Kukita","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04040.x","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha is produced by human multiple myeloma (MM) cells and its expression correlates with bone lesions in patients with MM","volume":"120","author":"Uneda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.04864.x","article-title":"Ability of myeloma cells to secrete macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta correlates with lytic bone lesions in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"125","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200113116","article-title":"Antisense inhibition of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha blocks bone destruction in a model of myeloma bone disease","volume":"108","author":"Choi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-12-3905","article-title":"Dual effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha on osteolysis and tumour burden in the murine 5TGM1 model of myeloma bone disease","volume":"102","author":"Oyajobi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3568","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-08-2383","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1 alpha) triggers migration and signalling cascades mediating survival and proliferation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells","volume":"101","author":"Lentzsch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.2.605","article-title":"Inhibition of Immature Erythroid Progenitor Cell Proliferation by Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1\u03b1 by Interacting Mainly With a C-C Chemokine Receptor, CCR1","volume":"90","author":"Su","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.8.1404","article-title":"Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) recruits osteoclast precursors by inducing chemotaxis, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, and collagen transmigration","volume":"18","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1687","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of stromal-derived factor-1alpha are associated with increased osteoclast activity and osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"65","author":"Zannettino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115305","article-title":"Recruitment of new osteoblasts and osteoclasts is the earliest critical event in the pathogenesis of human multiple myeloma","volume":"88","author":"Bataille","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1992.tb00046.x","article-title":"Abnormal bone remodelling in patients with myelomatosis and normal biochemical indices of bone resorption","volume":"49","author":"Taube","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.71B2.2925748","article-title":"Does myeloma secrete an osteoblast inhibiting factor?","volume":"71","author":"Evans","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00163574","article-title":"Myeloma affects both the growth and function of human osteoblast-like cells","volume":"10","author":"Evans","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.06.044","article-title":"Wnt signalling in osteoblasts and bone diseases","volume":"341","author":"Westendorf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00571-2","article-title":"Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma Syndrome Collaborative Group. LDL receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) affects bone accrual and eye development","volume":"107","author":"Gong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00623","article-title":"Secreted antagonists of the Wnt signalling pathway","volume":"116","author":"Kawano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030847","article-title":"The role of the Wnt-signalling antagonist DKK1 in the development of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma","volume":"349","author":"Tian","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oshima T, Abe M, Asano J, et al. Myeloma cells suppress bone formation by secreting a soluble Wnt inhibitor,sFRP-2. Blood 2005, Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4940"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuliani N, Colla S, Morandi F, et al. Myeloma cells block RUNX2\/CBFA1 activity in human bone marrow osteoblast progenitors and inhibit osteoblast formation and differentiation. Blood 2005, Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04374.x","article-title":"Upregulation of osteoblast apoptosis by malignant plasma cells: a role in myeloma bone disease","volume":"122","author":"Silvestris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05084.x","article-title":"Impaired osteoblastogenesis in myeloma bone disease: role of upregulated apoptosis by cytokines and malignant plasma cells","volume":"126","author":"Silvestris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110209","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis in murine clonal osteoblasts expressed by human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax by NF-kappa B and TNF-alpha","volume":"11","author":"Kitajima","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.5.793","article-title":"Osteoblast programmed cell death (apoptosis): modulation by growth factors and cytokines","volume":"13","author":"Jilka","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1080","article-title":"IL-3 is a potential inhibitor of osteoblast differentiation in multiple myeloma","volume":"106","author":"Ehrlich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.8.3151.3151","article-title":"Myeloma cells upregulate interleukin-6 secretion in osteoblastic cells through cell-to-cell contact but downregulate osteocalcin","volume":"86","author":"Barille","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104694","article-title":"Urinary hydroxyproline peptides","volume":"42","author":"Meilman","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00235-0","article-title":"Immunochemical characterization of assay for carboxyterminal telopeptide of human type I collagen: loss of antigenicity by treatment with cathepsin K","volume":"26","author":"Sassi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080202","article-title":"Serum markers of type I collagen formation and degradation in metabolic bone disease: correlation with bone histomorphometry","volume":"8","author":"Eriksen","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Mineral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3743","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.9.3743","article-title":"Bone resorption in multiple myeloma and in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: quantification by urinary pyridinium cross-links of collagen","volume":"90","author":"Pecherstorfer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2000.90074.x","article-title":"Biochemical markers of bone metabolism reflect osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity in multiple myeloma","volume":"64","author":"Abildgaard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1999.tb01906.x","article-title":"Evaluation of bone disease in multiple myeloma: a comparison between the resorption markers urinary deoxypyridinoline\/creatinine (DPD) and serum ICTP, and an evaluation of the DPD\/osteocalcin and ICTP\/osteocalcin ratios","volume":"62","author":"Carlson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2002.00505.x","article-title":"Bone resorption parameters carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP), amino-terminal collagen type-I telopeptide (NTx) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) in MGUS and multiple myeloma","volume":"69","author":"Jakob","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib89","first-page":"3047","article-title":"Serum levels of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP) are elevated in patients with multiple myeloma showing skeletal manifestations in magnetic resonance imaging but lacking lytic bone lesions in conventional radiography","volume":"9","author":"Jakob","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04050.x","article-title":"Comparison of five biochemical markers of bone resorption in multiple myeloma: elevated pretreatment levels of S-ICTP and U-Ntx are predictive for early progression of the bone disease during standard chemotherapy","volume":"120","author":"Abildgaard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib91","first-page":"567","article-title":"Sequential analysis of biochemical markers of bone resorption and bone densitometry in multiple myeloma","volume":"89","author":"Abildgaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4925","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.06.091","article-title":"Predictive value of bone resorption and formation markers in cancer patients with bone metastases receiving the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11247","article-title":"Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b: a novel serum marker for monitoring bone disease in multiple myeloma","volume":"106","author":"Terpos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib94","first-page":"394","article-title":"Biochemical markers of bone disease in asymptomatic early stage multiple myeloma. A study on their role in identifying high risk patients","volume":"86","author":"Corso","year":"2001","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.01960.x","article-title":"Prognostic value of serum markers of bone metabolism in untreated multiple myeloma patients","volume":"109","author":"Fonseca","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2000.065005331.x","article-title":"Effect of pamidronate administration on markers of bone turnover and disease activity in multiple myeloma","volume":"65","author":"Terpos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298552","article-title":"Acute effects of high-dose chemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation on serum markers of bone metabolism","volume":"55","author":"Carlson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.7.2269","article-title":"Nordic Myeloma Study Group. Serum osteoprotegerin levels are reduced in patients with multiple myeloma with lytic bone disease","volume":"98","author":"Seidel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib99","first-page":"2306","article-title":"Serum osteoprotegerin levels in healthy controls and cancer patients","volume":"8","author":"Lipton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0902-4441.2003.00205.x","article-title":"Serum syndecan-1, basic fibroblast growth factor and osteoprotegerin in myeloma patients at diagnosis and during the course of the disease","volume":"72","author":"Kyrtsonis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403429","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin serum levels in multiple myeloma and MGUS patients compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls","volume":"18","author":"Corso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05518.x","article-title":"Evaluation and prognostic value of serum osteoprotegerin in multiple myeloma","volume":"129","author":"Depil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib103","first-page":"2384","article-title":"Serum osteoprotegerin levels in healthy controls and cancer patients","volume":"9","author":"Dovio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib104","first-page":"S157","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin sRANKL serum levels in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"4","author":"Kraj","year":"2003","journal-title":"Haematol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1450681","article-title":"Serum measurement of osteoprotegerin - clinical relevance and potential applications","volume":"145","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-02-0380","article-title":"Soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03baB ligand-osteoprotegerin ratio predicts survival in multiple myeloma: proposal for a novel prognostic index","volume":"102","author":"Terpos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"s1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib107","first-page":"193","article-title":"Correlation of osteoprotegerin and sRANKL concentrations in serum and bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients","volume":"90","author":"Kraj","year":"2005","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04561.x","article-title":"Serum levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1alpha) correlate with the extent of bone disease and survival in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"123","author":"Terpos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804906003108?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804906003108?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]],"date-time":"2023-05-07T18:07:15Z","timestamp":1683482835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0959804906003108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0959804906003108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.11.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8049","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}}}