{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T06:16:54Z","timestamp":1775715414608,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,2]],"date-time":"2009-10-02T09:19:08Z","timestamp":1254475148000},"page":"3156-3165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Oesophageal cancer in Golestan Province, a high-incidence area in northern Iran \u2013 A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Farhad","family":"Islami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farin","family":"Kamangar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariush","family":"Nasrollahzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Boffetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Malekzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.2.74","article-title":"Global cancer statistics, 2002","volume":"55","author":"Parkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1973.138","article-title":"Oesophageal cancer studies in the Caspian Littoral of Iran: the Caspian cancer registry","volume":"28","author":"Mahboubi","year":"1973","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1126\/science.175.4024.846","article-title":"Esophageal cancer in the Caspian littoral of Iran: initial studies","volume":"175","author":"Kmet","year":"1972","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib4","series-title":"Cancer epidemiology and prevention","first-page":"697","article-title":"Esophageal Cancer","author":"Blot","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2005.11.002","article-title":"Declining incidence of esophageal cancer in the Turkmen Plain, eastern part of the Caspian Littoral of Iran: a retrospective cancer surveillance","volume":"30","author":"Semnani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Detect Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601737","article-title":"Epidemiologic features of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers in Northeastern Iran","volume":"90","author":"Islami","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23691","article-title":"Trends in esophageal cancer incidence by histology, United States, 1998\u20132003","volume":"123","author":"Trivers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.12.015","article-title":"Recent trends of cancer in Europe: a combined approach of incidence, survival and mortality for 17 cancer sites since the 1990s","volume":"44","author":"Karim-Kos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32832ca091","article-title":"Trends in incidence of oesophageal and stomach cancer subtypes in Europe","author":"Steevens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.01.018","article-title":"International variation in Helicobacter pylori infection and rates of oesophageal cancer","volume":"44","author":"Robins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2009.01.004","article-title":"Environmental causes of esophageal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Kamangar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib12","series-title":"Tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking","volume":"vol. 83","author":"IARC Working Group","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70173-6","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco and cancer","volume":"9","author":"Boffetta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602249","article-title":"Golestan cohort study of oesophageal cancer: feasibility and first results","volume":"92","author":"Pourshams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604369","article-title":"Opium, tobacco, and alcohol use in relation to oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a high-risk area of Iran","volume":"98","author":"Nasrollahzadeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20616","article-title":"Prospective study of risk factors for esophageal and gastric cancers in the Linxian general population trial cohort in China","volume":"113","author":"Tran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70099-2","article-title":"Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages","volume":"8","author":"Baan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1979.54","article-title":"Oesophageal cancer studies in the Caspian Littoral of Iran: results of a case\u2013control study","volume":"39","author":"Cook-Mozaffari","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910350505","article-title":"Oesophageal cancer studies in the Caspian littoral of Iran: some residual results, including opium use as a risk factor","volume":"35","author":"Ghadirian","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/3.5.577","article-title":"Mutagens produced by the pyrolysis of opium and its alkaloids as possible risk factors in cancer of the bladder and oesophagus","volume":"3","author":"Malaveille","year":"1982","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.1068.13.6","article-title":"Reliability and validity of opiate use self-report in a population at high risk for esophageal cancer in Golestan, Iran","volume":"13","author":"Abnet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24445","article-title":"High-temperature beverages and foods and esophageal cancer risk \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"125","author":"Islami","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2641","article-title":"Cancer prevention by tea: animal studies, molecular mechanisms and human relevance","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19871015)60:8<1909::AID-CNCR2820600840>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Thermal irritation and esophageal cancer in northern Iran","volume":"60","author":"Ghadirian","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b929","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b929","article-title":"Tea drinking habits, oesophageal cancer in a high risk area in northern Iran: population based case\u2013control study","volume":"338","author":"Islami","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib26","series-title":"Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective","author":"World Cancer Research Fund\/American Institute for Cancer Research","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.314S","article-title":"Clinical trials of vitamin and mineral supplements for cancer prevention","volume":"85","author":"Greenwald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580902803735","article-title":"Patterns of food and nutrient consumption in northern Iran, a high-risk area for esophageal cancer","volume":"61","author":"Islami","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i17.2544","article-title":"Ecologic study of serum selenium and upper gastrointestinal cancers in Iran","volume":"10","author":"Nouarie","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010032","article-title":"Mutagenic drinking water and risk of male esophageal cancer: a population-based case\u2013control study","volume":"150","author":"Tao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib31","first-page":"119","article-title":"Risk factors for oesophageal cancer in Linzhou, China: a case\u2013control study","volume":"4","author":"Xibib","year":"2003","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib32","first-page":"48","article-title":"Risk factors for esophageal cancer: a case\u2013control study in South-western China","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051313","article-title":"Retrospective cohort study of risk-factors for esophageal cancer in Linxian, People\u2019s Republic of China","volume":"4","author":"Yu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19991126)83:5<620::AID-IJC9>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Ecological study on the risks of esophageal cancer in Ci-Xian, China: the importance of nutritional status and the use of well water","volume":"83","author":"Yokokawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib35","first-page":"215","article-title":"Magnesium and calcium in drinking water and the risk of death from esophageal cancer","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Magnes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/59.4.1127","article-title":"Esophageal cancer studies in the Caspian littoral of Iran: results of population studies \u2013 a prodrome. Joint Iran-International Agency for Research on Cancer Study Group","volume":"59","author":"Joint Iran-IARC Study Group","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.12.030","article-title":"Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hexachlorobenzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in various foodstuffs before and after cooking","volume":"47","author":"Perello","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib38","first-page":"450","article-title":"Mortality and incidence of cancer in a cohort of Swedish chimney sweeps: an extended follow up study","volume":"50","author":"Evanoff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib39","first-page":"425","article-title":"High exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may contribute to high risk of esophageal cancer in northeastern Iran","volume":"25","author":"Kamangar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580701684831","article-title":"Dietary intake of benzo(a)pyrene and risk of esophageal cancer in North of Iran","volume":"60","author":"Hakami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.047126","article-title":"When saliva meets acid: chemical warfare at the oesophagogastric junction","volume":"54","author":"McColl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(98)00006-8","article-title":"High incidence of esophageal cancer in esophageal achalasia by the oral administration of N-amyl-N-methylnitrosamine and its prevention by nicardipine hydrochloride in mice","volume":"127","author":"Kurooka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4296","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i27.4296","article-title":"Nitrosamine and related food intake and gastric and oesophageal cancer risk: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence","volume":"12","author":"Jakszyn","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib44","first-page":"538","article-title":"Determination of N-nitrosamines in gastric juice and urine and a comparison of endogenous formation of N-nitrosoproline and its inhibition in subjects from high- and low-risk areas for oesophageal cancer","volume":"84","author":"Lu","year":"1987","journal-title":"IARC Sci Publ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1159\/000225441","article-title":"Nitrate and nitrite in saliva","volume":"37","author":"Eisenbrand","year":"1980","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910260514","article-title":"A fine fibrous silica contaminant of flour in the high oesophageal cancer area of north-east Iran","volume":"26","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"1980","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92335-2","article-title":"Silica fragments from millet bran in mucosa surrounding oesophageal tumours in patients in northern China","volume":"1","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3106","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3106","article-title":"Role of silis in esophageal cancer","volume":"14","author":"Jabbari","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3723","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.56.12.3723-3726.1990","article-title":"Comparative study on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins (trichothecenes and zearalenone) in corn and wheat from high- and low-risk areas for human esophageal cancer in China","volume":"56","author":"Luo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-64.8.1268","article-title":"Fumonisins B1 and B2 in black tea and medicinal plants","volume":"64","author":"Martins","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-474X(88)90007-0","article-title":"The microbiology of cereal-grains from areas of Iran with a high-incidence of esophageal cancer","volume":"24","author":"Lacey","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Stored Prod Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.4.864","article-title":"Incidence of primary opportunistic infections in two human immunodeficiency virus-infected French clinical cohorts","volume":"30","author":"Yazdanpanah","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70096-8","article-title":"A review of human carcinogens \u2013 Part B: biological agents","volume":"10","author":"Bouvard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0109","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Islami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib55","first-page":"19","article-title":"Detection of human papillomavirus DNA by PCR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from Turkmen Sahra, north-east of Iran","volume":"6","author":"Moradi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Iran Biomed J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i8.1200","article-title":"Human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus in a high-risk population","volume":"11","author":"Farhadi","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-008-9008-0","article-title":"Association of HTLV1 Infection and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"38","author":"Mirsadraee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23198","article-title":"Esophageal cancer and body mass index: results from a prospective study of 220,000 men in China and a meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"122","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-158","article-title":"Obesity, hypertension in an Iranian cohort study; Iranian women experience higher rates of obesity, hypertension than American women","volume":"6","author":"Bahrami","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib60","first-page":"131","article-title":"Celiac disease in Gonbad-Kavoos","volume":"10","author":"Khoshnia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Govaresh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012290009545","article-title":"Prospective study of tooth loss and incident esophageal and gastric cancers in China","volume":"12","author":"Abnet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib62","first-page":"543","article-title":"Poor oral health as a risk factor for esophageal squamous dysplasia in northeastern Iran","volume":"25","author":"Sepehr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3062","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0558","article-title":"Tooth loss and lack of regular oral hygiene are associated with higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Abnet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50008","article-title":"Protective association of aspirin\/NSAIDs and esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Corley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp195","article-title":"Socio-economic status and oesophageal cancer: results from a population-based case\u2013control study in a high-risk area","volume":"38","author":"Islami","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19851015)56:8<2112::AID-CNCR2820560838>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Familial history of esophageal cancer","volume":"56","author":"Ghadirian","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21906","article-title":"Familial risks of esophageal cancer among the Turkmen population of the Caspian littoral of Iran","volume":"119","author":"Akbari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23044","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms and esophageal cancer risk","volume":"121","author":"Hiyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210739","article-title":"Germline BRCA2 mutations and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Akbari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2004.05.017","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in three Iranian populations with different risks of esophageal cancer, an ecologic comparison","volume":"213","author":"Sepehr","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-230X(08)60785-X","article-title":"P53 and human cancer: the first ten thousand mutations","volume":"77","author":"Hainaut","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib72","first-page":"3119","article-title":"Unusual profile and high prevalence of p53 mutations in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas from northern Iran","volume":"61","author":"Biramijamal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7368","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204912","article-title":"Distinct pattern of TP53 mutations in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in Iran","volume":"20","author":"Sepehr","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/18.3.299","article-title":"Simultaneous use of DGGE and DHPLC to screen TP53 mutations in cancers of the esophagus and cardia from a European high incidence area (Lower Normandy, France)","volume":"18","author":"Breton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib75","article-title":"Cohort profile: The Golestan Cohort Study \u2013 a prospective study of oesophageal cancer in northern Iran","author":"Pourshams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602407","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a new food frequency questionnaire compared to 24 h recalls and biochemical measurements: pilot phase of Golestan cohort study of esophageal cancer","volume":"60","author":"Malekshah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1414","article-title":"Oesophageal cancer among the Turkomans of northeast Iran","volume":"83","author":"Saidi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11359","article-title":"Cancer occurrence in Ardabil: results of a population-based cancer registry from Iran","volume":"107","author":"Sadjadi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.035857","article-title":"High incidence of adenocarcinoma arising from the right side of the gastric cardia in NW Iran","volume":"53","author":"Derakhshan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib80","first-page":"159","article-title":"Cancer occurrence in Semnan Province, Iran: results of a population-based cancer registry","volume":"6","author":"Babaei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib81","first-page":"167","article-title":"The epidemiology and etiology of esophageal cancer in north China. A preliminary report","volume":"1","author":"The Coordinating Group for Research on Etiology of Esophageal Cancer in North China","year":"1975","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603517","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and oesophageal and gastric cancers in a prospective study in China","volume":"96","author":"Kamangar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2007.04.005","article-title":"Polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 1A1, glutathione S-transferase class mu, and tumour protein p53 genes and the risk of developing gallbladder cancer in Japanese","volume":"40","author":"Tsuchiya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib84","first-page":"1239","article-title":"Metabolic gene polymorphism frequencies in control populations","volume":"10","author":"Garte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.05.012","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of variability in nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 polymorphic alleles in four ethnic populations","volume":"80","author":"Nakajima","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018_bib86","first-page":"1227","article-title":"Alcohol flushing, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes, and risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese men","volume":"12","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804909007047?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804909007047?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T00:50:49Z","timestamp":1685148649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0959804909007047"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0959804909007047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.09.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8049","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}