{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:13:26Z","timestamp":1789013606131,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol Myers-Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Roche-Genentech"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007174","name":"Array","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007174","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol Myers-Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002429","name":"Amgen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejcancer.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T12:51:36Z","timestamp":1598446296000},"page":"68-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The concepts of rechallenge and retreatment in melanoma: A proposal for consensus definitions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Christoffer","family":"Gebhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ascierto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pippa","family":"Corrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Dummer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3524-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Schadendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.104","article-title":"Molecular testing for BRAF mutations to inform melanoma treatment decisions: a move toward precision medicine","volume":"31","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1253735","article-title":"The melanoma revolution: from UV carcinogenesis to a new era in therapeutics","volume":"346","author":"Lo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406037","article-title":"Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition versus BRAF inhibition alone in melanoma","volume":"371","author":"Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408868","article-title":"Combined vemurafenib and cobimetinib in BRAF-mutated melanoma","volume":"371","author":"Larkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30122-X","article-title":"Cobimetinib combined with vemurafenib in advanced BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma (coBRIM): updated efficacy results from a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial","volume":"17","author":"Ascierto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30497-2","article-title":"Overall survival in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma receiving encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib (COLUMBUS): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"19","author":"Dummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx176","article-title":"Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E\/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 study","volume":"28","author":"Long","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00087-X","volume":"16","author":"Grob","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412690","article-title":"Improved overall survival in melanoma with combined dabrafenib and trametinib","volume":"372","author":"Robert","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60898-4","article-title":"Dabrafenib and trametinib versus dabrafenib and placebo for Val600 BRAF-mutant melanoma: a multicentre, double-blind, phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"386","author":"Long","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz411","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"30","author":"Michielin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708539","article-title":"Adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib in stage III BRAF-mutated melanoma","volume":"377","author":"Long","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.02.021","article-title":"Survival of patients with advanced metastatic melanoma: the impact of MAP kinase pathway inhibition and immune checkpoint inhibition - update 2019","volume":"130","author":"Ugurel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2013.158","article-title":"Drug rechallenge and treatment beyond progression--implications for drug resistance","volume":"10","author":"Kuczynski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.12.007","article-title":"Rechallenge with BRAF-directed treatment in metastatic melanoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study","volume":"91","author":"Valpione","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3697","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.3535","article-title":"Combined BRAF (dabrafenib) and MEK inhibition (trametinib) in patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma experiencing progression with single-agent BRAF inhibitor","volume":"32","author":"Johnson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000196","article-title":"BRAF inhibitor rechallenge in patients with advanced BRAF V600-mutant melanoma","volume":"25","author":"Roux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.0509","article-title":"Clinical, molecular, and immune analysis of dabrafenib-trametinib combination treatment for BRAF inhibitor-refractory metastatic melanoma: a phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30171-7","article-title":"Combination of dabrafenib plus trametinib for BRAF and MEK inhibitor pretreated patients with advanced BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma: an open-label, single arm, dual-centre, phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Schreuer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34336","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26149","article-title":"The efficacy of re-challenge with BRAF inhibitors after previous progression to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma: a retrospective multicenter study","volume":"9","author":"Tietze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7095","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S182721","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors and clinical update of US Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted therapy in advanced melanoma","volume":"11","author":"Kakadia","year":"2018","journal-title":"OncoTargets Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0884-8","article-title":"BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: use and resistance in BRAF-mutated cancers","volume":"78","author":"Sanchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78174","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19836","article-title":"BRAF inhibitors: resistance and the promise of combination treatments for melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Griffin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.18.00229","article-title":"Application of circulating cell-free tumor DNA profiles for therapeutic monitoring and outcome prediction in genetically heterogeneous metastatic melanoma","author":"V\u00e1raljai","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-015-0330-z","article-title":"Treatment of NRAS-mutant melanoma","volume":"16","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers7040870","article-title":"Histone modifications, modifiers and readers in melanoma resistance to targeted and immune therapy","volume":"7","author":"Gallagher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09626","article-title":"Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF(V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation","volume":"468","author":"Nazarian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70539-9","article-title":"Which drug, and when, for patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma?","volume":"14","author":"Jang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.08.022","article-title":"Acquired BRAF inhibitor resistance: a multicenter meta-analysis of the spectrum and frequencies, clinical behaviour, and phenotypic associations of resistance mechanisms","volume":"51","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-13-0617","article-title":"The genetic landscape of clinical resistance to RAF inhibition in metastatic melanoma","volume":"4","author":"Van Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.12.024","article-title":"Sequence-dependent cross-resistance of combined radiotherapy plus BRAF(V600E) inhibition in melanoma","volume":"109","author":"Shannan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11814","article-title":"Modelling vemurafenib resistance in melanoma reveals a strategy to forestall drug resistance","volume":"494","author":"Das Thakur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11081197","article-title":"Targeting oncogenic BRAF: past, present, and future","volume":"11","author":"Zaman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2491","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo switching of human melanoma cells between proliferative and invasive states","volume":"68","author":"Hoek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9658-0","article-title":"Metastatic melanoma moves on: translational science in the era of personalized medicine","volume":"36","author":"Levesque","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.02.023","article-title":"Phenotypic tumour cell plasticity as a resistance mechanism and therapeutic target in melanoma","volume":"59","author":"Roesch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5937","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-1174","article-title":"Phenotype switching: tumor cell plasticity as a resistance mechanism and target for therapy","volume":"74","author":"Kemper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.03.008","article-title":"Intravital imaging reveals how BRAF inhibition generates drug-tolerant microenvironments with high integrin beta1\/FAK signaling","volume":"27","author":"Hirata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.36.15_suppl.9574","article-title":"Mutational and immune gene expression profiling at relapse in patients treated with adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib or placebo in the COMBI-AD trial","volume":"36","author":"Dummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.06.025","article-title":"Toward minimal residual disease-directed therapy in melanoma","volume":"174","author":"Rambow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.08.031","article-title":"Impaired mammary tumor formation and metastasis by the point mutation of a Smad3 linker phosphorylation site","volume":"1864","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) - Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav0191","article-title":"How dormant cancer persists and reawakens","volume":"361","author":"Aguirre-Ghiso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2012.207","article-title":"Clinical opportunities and challenges in targeting tumour dormancy","volume":"10","author":"Hensel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3394","article-title":"Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis","volume":"19","author":"Quail","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib45","first-page":"1684","article-title":"ERK(MAPK) activity as a determinant of tumor growth and dormancy; regulation by p38(SAPK)","volume":"63","author":"Aguirre-Ghiso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.10.029","article-title":"Mechanisms governing metastatic dormancy and reactivation","volume":"155","author":"Giancotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.233","article-title":"The role of JAK\/STAT signalling in the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of solid tumours","volume":"113","author":"Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.406","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps: protagonists of cancer progression?","volume":"36","author":"Erpenbeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib49","first-page":"361","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps produced during inflammation awaken dormant cancer cells in mice","author":"Albrengues","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96329","article-title":"STAT3\/p53 pathway activation disrupts IFN-beta-induced dormancy in tumor-repopulating cells","volume":"128","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5014","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-1370","article-title":"Mechanisms of cancer cell dormancy-another hallmark of cancer?","volume":"75","author":"Yeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-1630","article-title":"BRAF inhibition is associated with enhanced melanoma antigen expression and a more favorable tumor microenvironment in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Frederick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30062-0","article-title":"Adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib versus placebo in patients with resected, BRAF(V600)-mutant, stage III melanoma (COMBI-AD): exploratory biomarker analyses from a randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"21","author":"Dummer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0474-7","article-title":"Atezolizumab plus cobimetinib and vemurafenib in BRAF-mutated melanoma patients","volume":"25","author":"Sullivan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0476-5","article-title":"Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition with PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in BRAF-mutant melanoma","volume":"25","author":"Ribas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0448-9","article-title":"Dabrafenib, trametinib and pembrolizumab or placebo in BRAF-mutant melanoma","volume":"25","author":"Ascierto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30934-X","article-title":"Atezolizumab, vemurafenib, and cobimetinib as first-line treatment for unresectable advanced BRAF(V600) mutation-positive melanoma (IMspire150): primary analysis of the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"395","author":"Gutzmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-0852-6","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of BRAF V600 mutant circulating cell-free tumor DNA as a tool for therapeutic monitoring in metastatic melanoma patients treated with BRAF\/MEK inhibitors","volume":"14","author":"Schreuer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.01464","article-title":"Long-term outcomes and responses to retreatment in patients with melanoma treated with PD-1 blockade","volume":"38","author":"Betof Warner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000341","article-title":"Reinduction of PD1-inhibitor therapy: first experience in eight patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"27","author":"Blasig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15408","article-title":"Rechallenge of programmed cell death 1 inhibitor after an interval with dacarbazine treatment may be effective for advanced malignant melanoma","volume":"47","author":"Kan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3444-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of retreatment with nivolumab in metastatic melanoma patients previously treated with nivolumab","volume":"80","author":"Nomura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3080","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of retreatment with ipilimumab in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma who progressed after initially achieving disease control","volume":"19","author":"Robert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu441","article-title":"Survival follow-up and ipilimumab retreatment of patients with advanced melanoma who received ipilimumab in prior phase II studies","volume":"25","author":"Lebbe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.126","article-title":"Ipilimumab retreatment in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma: the expanded access programme in Italy","volume":"110","author":"Chiarion-Sileni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-016-1926-2","article-title":"Efficacy and toxicity of rechallenge with combination immune checkpoint blockade in metastatic melanoma: a case series","volume":"66","author":"Spain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.01.009","article-title":"Ipilimumab alone or in combination with nivolumab after progression on anti-PD-1 therapy in advanced melanoma","volume":"75","author":"Zimmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804920304111?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804920304111?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T20:28:26Z","timestamp":1760732906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0959804920304111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["S0959804920304111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8049","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The concepts of rechallenge and retreatment in melanoma: A proposal for consensus definitions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Cancer","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.07.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}