{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:26:30Z","timestamp":1787415990185,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005722","name":"LMU Munich","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005722","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"BMBF Bonn","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015813","name":"Centre for Advanced Laser Applications","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015813","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejcancer.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:25:22Z","timestamp":1783725922000},"page":"116945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Plasma infrared molecular fingerprinting for prostate cancer detection: Prospective evidence for a partially PSA-independent signal"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"245","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1136-1787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Jacob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Chaloupka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8932-2553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarek","family":"Eissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3981-3080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Rebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Aschauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Pfundmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Witzens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Brinkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennert","family":"Eismann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7707-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Pyrgidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferenc","family":"Krausz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Fleischmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3291-9460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Stief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8306-1922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"\u017digman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10305","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00950-8","article-title":"Prostate cancer","volume":"398","author":"Sandhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2016.66","article-title":"Prognostic value of the new Grade Groups in Prostate Cancer: a multi-institutional European validation study","volume":"20","author":"Mathieu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1103642","article-title":"Screening for prostate cancer","volume":"365","author":"Hoffman","year":"2011","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.01.017","article-title":"Prostate Cancers in the Prostate-specific Antigen Interval of 1.8\u20133 ng\/mL: Results from the G\u00f6teborg-2 Prostate Cancer Screening Trial","volume":"86","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa031918","article-title":"Prevalence of Prostate Cancer among Men with a Prostate-Specific Antigen Level \u22644.0 ng per Milliliter","volume":"350","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22372","article-title":"Prostate cancer progression in the presence of undetectable or low serum prostate-specific antigen level","volume":"109","author":"Leibovici","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810696","article-title":"Mortality Results from a Randomized Prostate-Cancer Screening Trial","volume":"360","author":"Andriole","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.4011","article-title":"Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening and 15-Year Prostate Cancer Mortality: A Secondary Analysis of the CAP Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"331","author":"Martin","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib9","first-page":"148","article-title":"EAU Guidelines","volume":"86","author":"Cornford","year":"2025","journal-title":"EAU Annu Congr Madr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70003-1","article-title":"Show us a sign: the search for \"game changing\" prostate cancer biomarkers","volume":"12","author":"Quinn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.7131","article-title":"Biomarker vs MRI-Enhanced Strategies for Prostate Cancer Screening: The STHLM3-MRI Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Bj\u00f6rnebo","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801993","article-title":"MRI-Targeted or Standard Biopsy for Prostate-Cancer Diagnosis","volume":"378","author":"Kasivisvanathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djv095","article-title":"Predicting High-Grade Cancer at Ten-Core Prostate Biopsy Using Four Kallikrein Markers Measured in Blood in the ProtecT Study","volume":"107","author":"Bryant","year":"2015","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00361-7","article-title":"Prostate cancer screening in men aged 50-69 years (STHLM3): a prospective population-based diagnostic study","volume":"16","author":"Gr\u00f6nberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.025","volume":"72","author":"Klein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.0177","article-title":"Association Between Combined TMPRSS2:ERG and PCA3 RNA Urinary Testing and Detection of Aggressive Prostate Cancer","volume":"3","author":"Sanda","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.04.012","article-title":"Detection of High-grade Prostate Cancer Using a Urinary Molecular Biomarker\u2013Based Risk Score","volume":"70","author":"Van Neste","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.110","article-title":"Using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to analyze biological materials","volume":"9","author":"Baker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib19","article-title":"Plasma infrared fingerprinting with machine learning enables single-measurement multi-phenotype health screening","volume":"5","author":"Eissa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-023-02423-7","article-title":"A spectroscopic liquid biopsy for the earlier detection of multiple cancer types","volume":"129","author":"Cameron","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.68758.sa2","article-title":"Infrared molecular fingerprinting of blood-based liquid biopsies for the detection of cancer","author":"Huber","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-62","article-title":"Multimodal microscopy for automated histologic analysis of prostate cancer","volume":"11","author":"Kwak","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1758835920918499","article-title":"Vibrational spectroscopy of liquid biopsies for prostate cancer diagnosis","volume":"12","author":"Medipally","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21668-5","article-title":"Stability of person-specific blood-based infrared molecular fingerprints opens up prospects for health monitoring","volume":"12","author":"Huber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib25","author":"Larkin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infrared Raman Spectrosc Princ Spectr Interpret"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib26","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2015.024","article-title":"Obtaining information about protein secondary structures in aqueous solution using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib28","series-title":"Design of Observational Studies","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4501","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12527-5","article-title":"Development of high-throughput ATR-FTIR technology for rapid triage of brain cancer","volume":"10","author":"Butler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.4c02164","article-title":"Electric-Field Molecular Fingerprinting to Probe Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Kepesidis","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Cent Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3233\/BSI-160144","article-title":"An infrared spectroscopic blood test for non-small cell lung carcinoma and subtyping into pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma","volume":"5","author":"Ollesch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Spectrosc Imaging"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1701517114","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease using spectrochemical analysis of blood","volume":"114","author":"Paraskevaidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferguson D., Sachdeva A., Hart C., 2025. Identification of at-risk prostate cancer patients using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and machine learning. 2025:9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3048498.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.3048498"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34407","article-title":"Risk of prostate cancer and death after benign transurethral resection of the prostate\u2014A 20-year population-based analysis","volume":"128","author":"Hilscher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-022-02156-2","article-title":"Incidental prostate cancer after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: incidence and predictive factors for clinical progression","volume":"27","author":"Klein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-025-04769-8","article-title":"Hidden findings: How often does Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) uncover prostate cancer?","author":"Pursnani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000169255.64518.fb","article-title":"Long-term effects of finasteride on prostate specific antigen levels: results from the prostate cancer prevention trial","volume":"174","author":"Etzioni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-6-19","article-title":"A panel of kallikrein markers can reduce unnecessary biopsy for prostate cancer: data from the European Randomized Study of Prostate Cancer Screening in G\u00f6teborg, Sweden","volume":"6","author":"Vickers","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.11.013","article-title":"Recent Patterns and Trends in Global Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: An Update","volume":"87","author":"Schafer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3710","article-title":"Screening for Prostate Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"319","author":"USPSTF","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa001","article-title":"Lifetime Benefits and Harms of Prostate-Specific Antigen\u2013Based Risk-Stratified Screening for Prostate Cancer","volume":"112","author":"Heijnsdijk","year":"2020","journal-title":"JNCI Journal National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp2209151","article-title":"Screening for Prostate Cancer","volume":"388","author":"Pinsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf271","article-title":"Prostate-specific antigen levels at age 60 years and lifetime risk of lethal prostate cancer","author":"Vertosick","year":"2025","journal-title":"JNCI Journal National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.06.055","article-title":"False-positive screening results in the European randomized study of screening for prostate cancer","volume":"47","author":"Kilpel\u00e4inen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7072","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b01632","article-title":"Beyond Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Mid-infrared Transmission Spectroscopy of Proteins in the Amide I and Amide II Region","volume":"90","author":"Schwaighofer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal Chem"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804926007264?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0959804926007264?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:19:10Z","timestamp":1787415550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0959804926007264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0959804926007264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8049","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plasma infrared molecular fingerprinting for prostate cancer detection: Prospective evidence for a partially PSA-independent signal","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Cancer","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2026.116945","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116945"}}