{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:54:45Z","timestamp":1792637685971,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejinme.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T15:23:20Z","timestamp":1671031400000},"page":"42-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Role of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha agents in treatment of sarcoidosis: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Malihe","family":"Rezaee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moein","family":"Zangiabadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirali","family":"Soheili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tess Moore","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Rahmannia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roshan","family":"Dinparastisaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad J.","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5298-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Mirsaeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2008.03.014","article-title":"The immunology of sarcoidosis","volume":"29","author":"Gerke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2012.03.005","article-title":"The clinical and immunologic features of pulmonary fibrosis in sarcoidosis","volume":"160","author":"Patterson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00437","article-title":"Granuloma formation in pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"4","author":"Broos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00083002","article-title":"Alveolar macrophages are the main source for tumour necrosis factor-alpha in patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"21","author":"Fehrenbach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.2.ats4-99","volume":"160","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041081","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: causes, diagnosis, clinical features, and treatments","volume":"9","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2008.03.009","article-title":"The diagnosis of sarcoidosis","volume":"29","author":"Judson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60680-7","volume":"383","author":"Valeyre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00060612","article-title":"Lower EE. Established and experimental medical therapy of pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"41","author":"Baughman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2008.03.012","article-title":"Treatment of sarcoidosis","volume":"29","author":"Baughman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1604032","article-title":"Current medical therapy for sarcoidosis","volume":"38","author":"Valeyre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0012","first-page":"70","article-title":"Infliximab for refractory sarcoidosis","volume":"18","author":"Baughman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-1-200107030-00010","article-title":"Treatment of complicated sarcoidosis with infliximab anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy","volume":"135","author":"Yee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0014","first-page":"76","article-title":"Inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in sarcoidosis: who, what, and how to use them","volume":"25","author":"Baughman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2016.1258061","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: an update on current pharmacotherapy options and future directions","volume":"17","author":"Brito-Zer\u00f3n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"88","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0017","first-page":"343","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-3692(15)50471-6","article-title":"Etanercept for refractory ocular sarcoidosis: results of a double-blind randomized trial","volume":"128","author":"Baughman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00000914","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of ustekinumab or golimumab in patients with chronic sarcoidosis","volume":"44","author":"Judson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00051907","article-title":"Efficacy of infliximab in extrapulmonary sarcoidosis: results from a randomised trial","volume":"31","author":"Judson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13438","article-title":"Changes in lung immune cells related to clinical outcome during treatment with infliximab for sarcoidosis","volume":"201","author":"Kullberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.10.056","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of adalimumab in the treatment of cutaneous sarcoidosis","volume":"68","author":"Pariser","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.02.017","article-title":"Effectiveness of infliximab in treating selected patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"100","author":"Saleh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0026","first-page":"46","article-title":"Efficacy results of a 52-week trial of adalimumab in the treatment of refractory sarcoidosis","volume":"31","author":"Sweiss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.1.177","article-title":"Etanercept for the treatment of stage II and III progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"124","author":"Utz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04079-2020","article-title":"ERS clinical practice guidelines on treatment of sarcoidosis","volume":"58","author":"Baughman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200603-402OC","article-title":"Infliximab therapy in patients with chronic sarcoidosis and pulmonary involvement","volume":"174","author":"Baughman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0030","first-page":"201","article-title":"A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab in subjects with active pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"23","author":"Rossman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00227014","article-title":"Effectiveness of infliximab in refractory FDG PET-positive sarcoidosis","volume":"46","author":"Vorselaars","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0032","series-title":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents in sarcoidosis: a systematic review of efficacy and safety","author":"Adler","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-022-01971-5","article-title":"Infliximab therapy in refractory sarcoidosis: a multicenter real-world analysis","volume":"23","author":"Sakkat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0034","series-title":"Efficacy of infliximab therapy in cardiac sarcoidosis: a single center case series. B39 GRANULOMATOUS ILDs","author":"Sinokrot","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2007.10.001","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor antagonist mechanisms of action: a comprehensive review","volume":"117","author":"Tracey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00166-7","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor: an apoptosis JuNKie?","volume":"116","author":"Varfolomeev","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199606273342607","article-title":"The tumor necrosis factor ligand and receptor families","volume":"334","author":"Bazzoni","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0038","first-page":"143","article-title":"Anti-apoptosis function of TNF-alpha in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: lessons from Crohn's disease and the therapeutic potential of bupropion to lower TNF-alpha","volume":"53","author":"Kast","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0039","first-page":"379","article-title":"Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in Mycobacterium-induced granuloma formation in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-deficient mice","volume":"79","author":"Kaneko","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(89)90040-8","article-title":"The role monokines in granuloma formation in mice: The ability of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 to induce lung granulomas","volume":"51","author":"Kasahara","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02933","article-title":"Sarcoidosis as an autoimmune disease","volume":"10","author":"Starshinova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0042","first-page":"223","article-title":"Increased expression of proinflammatory chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage cells of patients with progressing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis","volume":"46","author":"Ziegenhagen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0043","first-page":"36","article-title":"Release of tumor necrosis factor by alveolar macrophages of patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"115","author":"Baughman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.1.251","article-title":"Costabel U. Production of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 by alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis","volume":"127","author":"Dai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0045","first-page":"185","article-title":"Exaggerated TNFalpha release of alveolar macrophages in corticosteroid resistant sarcoidosis","volume":"19","author":"Ziegenhagen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.14.65","article-title":"Anti-TNF therapeutics for the treatment of sarcoidosis","volume":"6","author":"Crommelin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13438","article-title":"Changes in lung immune cells related to clinical outcome during treatment with infliximab for sarcoidosis","volume":"201","author":"Kullberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-013-2859-x","article-title":"Associations between TNF-\u03b1\u2212 308 a\/G and lymphotoxin-\u03b1+ 252 a\/G polymorphisms and susceptibility to sarcoidosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2009.01437.x","article-title":"The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha G-308A polymorphisms in the course of pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"75","author":"Wijnen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00169413","article-title":"Association of the TNF-\u03b1 G-308A polymorphism with TNF-inhibitor response in sarcoidosis","volume":"43","author":"Wijnen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0953620522004320?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0953620522004320?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T09:37:43Z","timestamp":1760607463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0953620522004320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0953620522004320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-6205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-6205","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Role of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha agents in treatment of sarcoidosis: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Internal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.12.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}