{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:37:20Z","timestamp":1791686240842,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejinme.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Internal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T20:44:47Z","timestamp":1754599487000},"page":"106448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Venous thromboembolism associated with infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Stathopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stelios-Elion","family":"Bousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinos","family":"Zachiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Lampropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos A.","family":"Kakoullis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4107-4028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalambos","family":"Michaeloudes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Falagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.83","article-title":"Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism","volume":"12","author":"Heit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.304488","article-title":"Thrombosis: a major contributor to global disease burden","volume":"34","author":"Raskob","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00536-9","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19","volume":"21","author":"Bonaventura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3390\/hematolrep15020024","article-title":"Risk of Thrombosis during and after a SARS-CoV-2 Infection: pathogenesis, diagnostic approach, and management","volume":"15","author":"Sutanto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hematol Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14310","article-title":"Rate of recurrence after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism within 30\u2009days after COVID-19 vaccine","volume":"54","author":"Jara-Palomares","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14176","article-title":"Pulmonary thrombosis associated with COVID-19 pneumonia: beyond classical pulmonary thromboembolism","volume":"54","author":"Su\u00e1rez-Castillejo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00762-9","article-title":"Understanding COVID-19-associated coagulopathy","volume":"22","author":"Conway","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00385","article-title":"The emerging role of neutrophils in thrombosis-the journey of TF through NETs","volume":"3","author":"Kambas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1649653","article-title":"Induction of endothelial tissue factor by endotoxin and its precursors","volume":"70","author":"Moldow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2091-7006","article-title":"Monocyte tissue factor expression: lipopolysaccharide induction and roles in pathological activation of coagulation","volume":"123","author":"Sachetto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2023.05.018","article-title":"Tissue factor expression in monocyte subsets during human immunothrombosis, endotoxemia and sepsis","volume":"228","author":"Musgrave","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00083","article-title":"The inflammatory role of platelets via their TLRs and siglec receptors","volume":"6","author":"Cognasse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/35100529","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and innate immunity","volume":"1","author":"Medzhitov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6150","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176150","article-title":"Revisiting platelets and toll-like receptors (TLRs): at the interface of vascular immunity and thrombosis","volume":"21","author":"Hally","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318225","article-title":"Inflammation, Infection and Venous Thromboembolism","volume":"128","author":"Colling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041399","article-title":"Immunothrombosis: molecular aspects and new therapeutic perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Marcos-Jubilar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012373944-5.00185-1","article-title":"Global burden of infectious diseases","author":"Michaud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Encycl Microbiol"},{"issue":"10219","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2012.05.002","article-title":"Epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia","volume":"22","author":"Manikam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3432","article-title":"Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options","volume":"13","author":"Flores-Mireles","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2010.07.005","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism in medical patients treated in the setting of primary care: a nationwide case-control study in Italy","volume":"126","author":"Cimminiello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr012","article-title":"Recent respiratory infection and risk of venous thromboembolism: case-control study through a general practice database","volume":"40","author":"Clayton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.09.015","article-title":"Is Infection an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism? A population-based, case-control study","volume":"131","author":"Cohoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3415","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.22.3415","article-title":"An epidemiologic study of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in medical outpatients: the Sirius study","volume":"160","author":"Samama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613938","article-title":"Demonstration of an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and venous thromboembolic disease","volume":"83","author":"Lozinguez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2012.04732.x","article-title":"Pneumonia and risk of venous thrombosis: results from the MEGA study","volume":"10","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02473.x","article-title":"Acute infections and venous thromboembolism","volume":"271","author":"Schmidt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1980.12.issue-2.09","article-title":"Postoperative deep venous thrombosis and infectious complications. A clinical study of patients undergoing colo-rectal surgery","volume":"12","author":"T\u00f6rngren","year":"1980","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2017.01.008","article-title":"Hospitalization with infection and incident venous thromboembolism: The ARIC study","volume":"151","author":"Cowan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12065","article-title":"Acute infection as a trigger for incident venous thromboembolism: results from a population-based case-crossover study","volume":"2","author":"Grimnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Pract Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.084467","article-title":"Triggers of hospitalization for venous thromboembolism","volume":"125","author":"Rogers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000001218","article-title":"Increased rate of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patients with clostridium difficile infection","volume":"23","author":"Bhandari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12501","article-title":"Association between pneumococcal pneumonia and venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients: A nationwide population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086094","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism after community-acquired bacteraemia: a 20-year danish cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Dalager-Pedersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103567","article-title":"The risk of subsequent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients with nontyphoidal salmonellosis: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3409-1","article-title":"Preoperative pneumonia and postoperative venous thrombosis: a cohort study of 427,656 patients undergoing major general surgery","volume":"40","author":"Masrouha","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12147","article-title":"Increased risk of venous thromboembolism within the first year after Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a nationwide observational matched cohort study","volume":"275","author":"Mejer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.10.034","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical impact of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism","volume":"45","author":"Gangireddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-020-00374-x","article-title":"High occurrence of thrombo-embolic complications during long-term follow-up after pleural infections-a single-center experience with 536 consecutive patients over 17 years","volume":"198","author":"Ala-Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2014.05.025","article-title":"Clostridium difficile increases the risk for venous thromboembolism","volume":"208","author":"Barmparas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2015.11.029","article-title":"Clinical variables and staphylococcus aureus virulence factors associated with venous thromboembolism in children","volume":"138","author":"Carpenter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.9980","article-title":"Risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in medical inpatients","volume":"7","author":"H\u00e4fliger","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032398","article-title":"A review of venous thromboembolism risk assessment models for different patient populations: what we know and don\u2019t!","volume":"102","author":"Mehta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0044","article-title":"Completion of the updated caprini risk assessment model (2013 version)","volume":"25","author":"Cronin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Off J Int Acad Clin Appl Thromb"},{"issue":"151","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0045","article-title":"Cancer-associated thrombosis: the when, how and why","volume":"28","author":"Fernandes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev Off J Eur Respir Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04044.x","article-title":"A risk assessment model for the identification of hospitalized medical patients at risk for venous thromboembolism: the Padua Prediction Score","volume":"8","author":"Barbar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost JTH"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X21996825","article-title":"Relevance of immobility as a risk factor for symptomatic proximal and isolated distal deep vein thrombosis in acutely ill medical inpatients","volume":"26","author":"Sartori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vasc Med Lond Engl"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0048","first-page":"e56","article-title":"The IMPROVEDD VTE risk score: incorporation of D-dimer into the IMPROVE score to improve venous thromboembolism risk stratification","volume":"1","author":"Gibson","year":"2017","journal-title":"TH Open Companion J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2013.07.021","article-title":"Risk of deep vein thrombosis in patients with cellulitis and erysipelas: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"132","author":"Gunderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"9516","key":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68474-2","article-title":"Risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after acute infection in a community setting","volume":"367","author":"Smeeth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0953620525003267?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0953620525003267?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T07:15:32Z","timestamp":1764659732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0953620525003267"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0953620525003267"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448","relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-6205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-6205","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Venous thromboembolism associated with infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Internal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106448","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106448"}}