{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:41:28Z","timestamp":1793727688877,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82204240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023MB046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023MB046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T23:27:19Z","timestamp":1778282839000},"page":"118946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Current applications and development of dual-target inhibitors of Ido1\/TDO: From tumor immunology to neuropsychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Zheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Yuan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2760-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Shi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.807271","article-title":"Targeting tryptophan catabolism in cancer immunotherapy era: challenges and perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Peyraud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18691","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6484","article-title":"The tryptophan\u2013kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis","volume":"12","author":"Basson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6795","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-2285","article-title":"Discovery of IDO1 inhibitors: from bench to bedside","volume":"77","author":"Prendergast","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15112895","article-title":"Interactions of IDO and the kynurenine pathway with cell transduction systems and metabolism at the inflammation\u2013cancer interface","volume":"15","author":"Stone","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1632446","article-title":"IDO and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, clinical development, and future directions","volume":"16","author":"Al-Zoubi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-019-0103-4","article-title":"Both IDO1 and TDO contribute to the malignancy of gliomas via the Kyn\u2013AhR\u2013AQP4 signaling pathway","volume":"5","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033635","article-title":"Is there a clinical future for IDO1 inhibitors after the failure of epacadostat in melanoma?","volume":"4","author":"Van den Eynde","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.104815","article-title":"The ups, downs and new trends of IDO1 inhibitors","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v13.i4.141","article-title":"Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder","volume":"13","author":"Badawy","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112062","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) \u2013 can dendritic cells and monocytes expressing this moonlight enzyme change the phase of Parkinson's disease?","volume":"133","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3312","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5c00329","article-title":"Dual inhibition of IDO1 and TDO: a unified therapeutic strategy to combat alzheimer's disease and cancer","volume":"16","author":"Khamle","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071603","article-title":"Role of kynurenine pathway in oxidative stress during neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"10","author":"Mor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70703","article-title":"The kynurenine pathway and indole pathway in tryptophan metabolism influence tumor progression","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01833-z","article-title":"The role of kynurenines in migraine-related neuroimmune pathways","volume":"25","author":"K\u00f6rt\u00e9si","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Headache Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2023.55","article-title":"Investigation of the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation on the pathway of tryptophan\/kynurenine in OCD","volume":"37","author":"Delen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2023.115258","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of targeting kynurenine pathway in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"251","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112837","article-title":"Involvement of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases","volume":"209","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v15.i11.110690","article-title":"Cognitive impairment and pain in depression: the mediating role of the kynurenine pathway","volume":"15","author":"Yun","year":"2025","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2016.12.029","article-title":"Discovery and evaluation of inhibitors to the Immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1): probing the active site-inhibitor interactions","volume":"126","author":"Tomek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5427","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-0420","article-title":"Molecular pathways: targeting IDO1 and other tryptophan dioxygenases for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Zhai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107746","article-title":"Indoleamine and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenases as important future therapeutic targets","volume":"221","author":"Dol\u0161ak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2022.102461","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy","volume":"110","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4311","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15721","article-title":"Pharmacological validation of TDO as a target for Parkinson's disease","volume":"288","author":"Perez-Pardo","year":"2021","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17690","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c01665","article-title":"Structure and plasticity of indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)","volume":"64","author":"R\u00f6hrig","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9421","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00326","article-title":"Challenges in the discovery of indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors","volume":"58","author":"R\u00f6hrig","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01725-8","article-title":"Structural insights into substrate and inhibitor binding sites in human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1","volume":"8","author":"Lewis-Ballester","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1039\/C9MD00208A","article-title":"Recent advances in the discovery of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medchemcomm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11224-023-02213-0","article-title":"Discovery of novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) inhibitors: pharmacophore-based 3D-QSAR, gaussian field-based 3D-QSAR, docking, and binding free energy studies","volume":"35","author":"Tabti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Struct. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1039\/C7MD00109F","article-title":"Advances in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 medicinal chemistry","volume":"8","author":"Coletti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medchemcomm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b01390","article-title":"Important hydrogen bond networks in indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor design revealed by crystal structures of imidazoleisoindole derivatives with IDO1","volume":"59","author":"Peng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14030295","article-title":"Tryptophan-2,3-Dioxygenase as a therapeutic target in digestive system diseases","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-022-01724-w","article-title":"The immunosuppressive role of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in glioblastoma: mechanism of action and immunotherapeutic strategies","volume":"39","author":"Hosseinalizadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v13.i4.141","article-title":"Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder","volume":"13","author":"Badawy","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-019-0750-1","article-title":"Indoleamine dioxygenase inhibitors: clinical rationale and current development","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0016-5","article-title":"Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond","volume":"18","author":"Platten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.800630","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1: a promising therapeutic target in malignant tumor","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3407","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-025-01725-2","article-title":"Drug repurposing through biophysical insights: focus on indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase dual inhibitors","volume":"83","author":"Paranthaman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2017.03.012","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"323","author":"Moyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-024-02579-4","article-title":"The correlation of inflammation, tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, and suicide risk in adolescent depression","volume":"34","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.01.002","article-title":"Peripheral and central kynurenine pathway abnormalities in major depression","volume":"101","author":"Paul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5875","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202511","article-title":"Blockade of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 ameliorates hippocampal neurogenesis and BOLD-fMRI signals in chronic stress precipitated depression","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2422468","article-title":"Reverse engineering the gut-brain axis and microbiome-metabolomics for symbiotic\/pathogenic balance in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"16","author":"Munir","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-12-0311","article-title":"Turn off the IDO: will clinical trials be successful?","volume":"2","author":"Novitskiy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib44","article-title":"Trial watch: IDO inhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"9","author":"Le Naour","year":"2020","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.03.024","article-title":"Ido1: an important immunotherapy target in cancer treatment","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114524","article-title":"Dual-target inhibitors of indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase 1 (ido1): a promising direction in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"238","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.6b00391","article-title":"INCB24360 (epacadostat), a highly potent and selective Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor for immuno-Oncology","volume":"8","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01080-8","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors in clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01801","article-title":"Limitations and off-target effects of tryptophan-related IDO inhibitors in cancer treatment","volume":"10","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.118017","article-title":"Recent update on the discovery of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors targeting cancer immunotherapy","volume":"298","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113967","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors and PROTAC-Based degraders for cancer therapy","volume":"227","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9617","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00974","article-title":"Discovery of a novel and selective indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO-1) inhibitor 3-(5-Fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione (EOS200271\/PF-06840003) and its characterization as a potential clinical candidate","volume":"60","author":"Crosignani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5649","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-0549","article-title":"The kynurenine pathway in brain tumor pathogenesis","volume":"72","author":"Adams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1346686","article-title":"Epacadostat stabilizes the apo-form of IDO1 and signals a pro-tumorigenic pathway in human ovarian cancer cells","volume":"15","author":"Rossini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6633","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00034","article-title":"Discovery and optimization of novel Apo-IDO1 inhibitors by a pharmacophore-based structural simplification strategy","volume":"68","author":"Cen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15115","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00925","article-title":"Development of indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 inhibitors for cancer therapy and beyond: a recent perspective","volume":"63","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202100107","article-title":"A series of 2-((1-Phenyl-1H-imidazole-5-yl)methyl)-1H-indoles as indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors","volume":"16","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2021.128373","article-title":"Discovery of novel IDO1 inhibitors targeting the protein's Apo form through scaffold hopping from holo-IDO1 inhibitor","volume":"52","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25061447","article-title":"Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of phenyl urea derivatives as IDO1 inhibitors","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00006-L","article-title":"The effects of a novel and selective inhibitor of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase on tryptophan and serotonin metabolism in the rat","volume":"49","author":"Salter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-022-00746-4","article-title":"Involvement of kynurenine pathway between inflammation and glutamate in the underlying etiopathology of CUMS-Induced depression mouse model","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib62","article-title":"Targeting the kynurenine pathway in gliomas: insights into pathogenesis, therapeutic targets, and clinical advances","volume":"1880","author":"Krupa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Canc"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5320","DOI":"10.1021\/jm2006782","article-title":"Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (TDO) inhibitors. 3-(2-(Pyridyl)ethenyl)indoles as potential anticancer immunomodulators","volume":"54","author":"Dolu\u0161i\u0107","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0508888","article-title":"Structure\u2212Activity study of brassinin derivatives as indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase inhibitors","volume":"49","author":"Gaspari","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7807","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00921","article-title":"Identification of substituted naphthotriazolediones as novel tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (TDO) inhibitors through structure-based virtual screening","volume":"58","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1021\/jm901137j","article-title":"New substructure filters for removal of pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) from screening libraries and for their exclusion in bioassays","volume":"53","author":"Baell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"sup1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3109\/14756366.2016.1170013","article-title":"Insights into the mechanism of inhibition of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase by isatin derivatives","volume":"31","author":"Pantouris","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.10.017","article-title":"Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitory activities of tryptanthrin derivatives","volume":"160","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1134551","article-title":"The catalytic inhibitor epacadostat can affect the non-enzymatic function of IDO1","volume":"14","author":"Panfili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-12432-1","article-title":"Valuable insights from the epacadostat plus pembrolizumab clinical trials in solid cancers","volume":"23","author":"Mitchell","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10967","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00323","article-title":"Rational design of original fused-cycle selective inhibitors of tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase","volume":"64","author":"Kozlova","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.2575","article-title":"Phase I study of epacadostat in combination with sirolimus in advanced malignancy","volume":"40","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00423","article-title":"Updates in the clinical development of epacadostat and other indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 inhibitors (IDO1) for human cancers","volume":"8","author":"Komiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-018-0290-7","article-title":"IDO and TDO as a potential therapeutic target in different types of depression","volume":"33","author":"Qin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6099","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16086","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1): an up-to-date overview of an eclectic immunoregulatory enzyme","volume":"289","author":"Pallotta","year":"2022","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"6389","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1126\/science.360.6389.588","article-title":"A new cancer immunotherapy suffers a setback","volume":"360","author":"Garber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117597","article-title":"Proof of concept study for developing 1-thienyl-\u03b2-carboline derivatives as IDO1 and TDO dual inhibitors to treat parkinson's disease complicating depression","volume":"291","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-2882","article-title":"Reimagining IDO pathway inhibition in cancer immunotherapy via downstream focus on the tryptophan\u2013kynurenine\u2013aryl hydrocarbon axis","volume":"25","author":"Labadie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13060852","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase as a therapeutic target for alzheimer's disease and geriatric depression","volume":"13","author":"Savonije","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11214","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.2c00677","article-title":"Discovery of 1-(Hetero)aryl-\u03b2-carboline derivatives as IDO1\/TDO dual inhibitors with antidepressant activity","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2022-0047","article-title":"The role and mechanism of tryptophan \u2013 Kynurenine metabolic pathway in depression","volume":"34","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2019.02.014","article-title":"4,6-Substituted-1H-Indazoles as potent IDO1\/TDO dual inhibitors","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8303","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00303","article-title":"X-ray structure-guided discovery of a potent, orally bioavailable, dual human indoleamine\/tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (hIDO\/hTDO) inhibitor that shows activity in a mouse model of parkinson's disease","volume":"64","author":"Ning","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.01.018","article-title":"AncPhore: a versatile tool for anchor pharmacophore steered drug discovery with applications in discovery of new inhibitors targeting metallo-\u03b2-lactamases and indoleamine\/tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenases","volume":"11","author":"Dai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190319","article-title":"Predicting apparent passive permeability of Caco-2 and MDCK cell-monolayers: a mechanistic model","volume":"12","author":"Bittermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2019.02.005","article-title":"Validation of human MDR1-MDCK and BCRP-MDCK cell lines to improve the prediction of brain penetration","volume":"108","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.111985","article-title":"Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of indole-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as IDO1\/TDO dual inhibitors","volume":"188","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2023.113794","article-title":"Discovery and biological evaluation of a new type of dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase from ethnomedicinal plant Dactylicapnos scandens","volume":"214","author":"Bao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2022.113244","article-title":"Eleven undescribed alkaloids from the rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum and their IDO1 and TDO inhibitory activities","volume":"200","author":"Bi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116852","article-title":"Discovery, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel isoquinoline derivatives as potent indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase dual inhibitors","volume":"279","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib91","article-title":"Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate as a potent IDO1\/TDO2 dual inhibitor enhances Anti-PD1 therapy for colorectal cancer in mice","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15091090","article-title":"Evaluation of novel inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases for enzyme and species selectivity using engineered tumour cell lines expressing either murine or human IDO1 or TDO2","volume":"15","author":"Tijono","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114294","article-title":"Discovery and biological evaluation of tanshinone derivatives as potent dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase","volume":"235","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9161","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.9b01079","article-title":"N-Benzyl\/Aryl substituted tryptanthrin as dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase","volume":"62","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2020.127159","article-title":"Synthesis of novel tryptanthrin derivatives as dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2021.127910","article-title":"IDO1 and TDO inhibitory evaluation of analogues of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids: wakayin and tsitsikammamines","volume":"40","author":"Levy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113873109","article-title":"Reversal of tumoral immune resistance by inhibition of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"109","author":"Pilotte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9386","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59353-4","article-title":"Exploring a repurposed candidate with dual hIDO1\/hTDO2 inhibitory potential for anticancer efficacy identified through pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in vitro evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Aboomar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24234346","article-title":"Discovery and characterisation of dual inhibitors of tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (TDO2) and indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) using virtual screening","volume":"24","author":"Sari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2021.116160","article-title":"Parallel discovery of selective and dual inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases IDO1 and TDO2 with a newly-modified enzymatic assay","volume":"39","author":"Capochiani de Iudicibus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/108705719900400206","article-title":"Oldenburg. A simple statistical parameter for use in evaluation and validation of high throughput screening assays","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Screen"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7082","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1872","article-title":"Novel tryptophan catabolic enzyme IDO2 is the preferred biochemical target of the antitumor indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase inhibitory compound d-1-Methyl-Tryptophan","volume":"67","author":"Metz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/11786469221138456","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a novel dual inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"15","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Tryptophan Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-12631-w","article-title":"AT-0174, a novel dual IDO1\/TDO2 enzyme inhibitor, synergises with temozolomide to improve survival in an orthotopic mouse model of glioblastoma","volume":"24","author":"Bickerdike","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40170-023-00307-1","article-title":"Dual inhibition of IDO1\/TDO2 enhances anti-tumor immunity in platinum-resistant non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.09.012","article-title":"IDO1\/TDO dual inhibitor RY103 targets Kyn-AhR pathway and exhibits preclinical efficacy on pancreatic cancer","volume":"522","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16070870","article-title":"IDO1 inhibitor RY103 suppresses Trp-GCN2-Mediated angiogenesis and counters immunosuppression in glioblastoma","volume":"16","author":"Xing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000870","article-title":"Preclinical investigations and a first-in-human phase I trial of M4112, the first dual inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2, in patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"8","author":"Naing","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. ImmunoTher. Cancer"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.3101","article-title":"A phase I study of an IDO inhibitor (SHR9146) plus camrelizumab and in combination with\/without apatinib in patients with advanced solid tumors: safety and efficacy analysis","volume":"39","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1191778","article-title":"Preclinical PK investigation of a novel IDO1\/TDO dual inhibitor\u2014SHR9146 in mouse plasma and tissues by LC-MS\/MS","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115423","article-title":"Kynurenine pathway dynamics in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders across the disease trajectory","volume":"328","author":"Kuuskm\u00e4e","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2329-2","article-title":"Activation of brain Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase contributes to depressive-like behavior induced by an intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin in mice","volume":"42","author":"Souza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(09)70899-5","article-title":"Genetic and environmental impacts in major depressive disorder are mediated via kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Oxenkrug","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120011","article-title":"Kai-xin-san ameliorates fluoxetine-resistant depressive-like behaviors by modulating tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic homeostasis in a rodent model","volume":"351","author":"Yao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1524651","article-title":"Targeting the kynurenine pathway: another therapeutic opportunity in the metabolic crosstalk between cancer and immune cells","volume":"14","author":"Kang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0223523426003910?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0223523426003910?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T17:13:15Z","timestamp":1783185195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0223523426003910"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":115,"alternative-id":["S0223523426003910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946","relation":{},"ISSN":["0223-5234"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0223-5234","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Current applications and development of dual-target inhibitors of Ido1\/TDO: From tumor immunology to neuropsychiatric disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118946","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118946"}}