{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T15:27:43Z","timestamp":1787671663516,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","physicamedica.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physica Medica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,10]],"date-time":"2023-06-10T23:42:00Z","timestamp":1686440520000},"page":"102618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Safety in radiation oncology (SAFRON): Learning about incident causes and safety barriers in external beam radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Zarei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3125-7752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vesna","family":"Gershan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6036-2319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ola","family":"Holmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0005","first-page":"852","article-title":"Evaluation of safety in a radiation oncology setting using failure mode and effects analysis. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology*","volume":"74","author":"Ford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2017.08.003","article-title":"Expanding healthcare failure mode and effect analysis: A composite proactive risk analysis approach","volume":"169","author":"Faiella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1194","DOI":"10.1097\/PTS.0000000000000456","article-title":"Involvement in root cause analysis and patient safety culture among hospital care providers","volume":"17","author":"Boussat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Patient Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2016-005511","article-title":"The problem with root cause analysis","volume":"26","author":"Peerally","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(03)01622-5","article-title":"Analysis of treatment delivery errors in brachytherapy using formal risk analysis techniques","volume":"57","author":"Thomadsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Internat J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0030","series-title":"Application of the Risk Matrix Method to Radiotherapy, IAEA-TECDOC-1685","author":"International Atomic Energy Agency","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2019.04.016","article-title":"Evaluating radiotherapy treatment delay using failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)","volume":"137","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4947547","article-title":"The report of Task Group 100 of the AAPM: Application of risk analysis methods to radiation therapy quality management","volume":"43","author":"Huq","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.10231.x","article-title":"A physician-based voluntary reporting system for adverse events and medical errors","volume":"16","author":"Weingart","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2009.07.012","article-title":"Mandatory reporting of medical errors: crafting policy and integrating it into practice","volume":"5","author":"Howie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nurse Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0055","article-title":"SAFRON improving safety in radiotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Bray Gilley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medical Phys Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0060","unstructured":"Holmberg O. Error and Near-Miss Reporting: View from Europe. Quality and Safety in Radiotherapy Boca Raton, FL: Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. 2011:81-4."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0065","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/resources\/rpop\/resources\/databases-and-learning-systems\/safron."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2005.12.004","article-title":"Safety barriers: Definition, classification, and performance","volume":"19","author":"Sklet","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Loss Prev Process Ind"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2014.06.006","article-title":"Safety barriers: Organizational potential and forces of psychology","volume":"31","author":"St\u00f8rseth","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Loss Prev Process Ind"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2008.03.031","article-title":"Safety-barrier diagrams as a safety management tool","volume":"94","author":"Duijm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0085","unstructured":"Unit AHFfMRHTA, Cooke D, Dubetz M, Heshmati R, Iftoday S, McKimmon E, et al. Reference Guide for Learning from Incidents in Radiation Treatment: Government of Alberta; 2006. doi: 10.7939\/R3NP1WZ67."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.09.013","article-title":"An evaluation of departmental radiation oncology incident reports: Anticipating a national reporting system","volume":"85","author":"Terezakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Internat J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2013.02.003","article-title":"A comprehensive quality assurance program for personnel and procedures in radiation oncology: Value of voluntary error reporting and checklists","volume":"86","author":"Kalapurakal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Internat J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0100","series-title":"IAEA Safety Glossary","author":"International Atomic Energy Agency","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0105","unstructured":"International Atomic Energy Agency, Lessons Learned from Accidental Exposures in Radiotherapy. Vienna IAEA, 2000."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncn235","article-title":"Lessons from recent accidents in radiation therapy in France","volume":"131","author":"Derreumaux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7272","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4764914","article-title":"Consensus recommendations for incident learning database structures in radiation oncology","volume":"39","author":"Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2015.06.009","article-title":"RO-ILS: radiation oncology incident learning system: A report from the first year of experience","volume":"5","author":"Hoopes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.59","article-title":"RO-ILS: Radiation Oncology Incident Learning System data trends 2014\u20132015","author":"Hoopes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0130","first-page":"170","article-title":"Quality management in radiotherapy: A 9-year review of incident reporting within a multifacility organisation","volume":"5","author":"Oelofse","year":"2021","journal-title":"South Afr J Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2010.10.023","article-title":"Radiation oncology safety information system (ROSIS)\u2013Profiles of participants and the first 1074 incident reports","volume":"97","author":"Cunningham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2020.09.007","article-title":"Missing the near miss: recognizing valuable learning opportunities in radiation oncology","volume":"11","author":"Kundu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0145","unstructured":"Bird F, Germain G. A new horizon in accident prevention and cost improvement. New York. 1966."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2010.05.002","article-title":"Trend analysis of radiation therapy incidents over seven years","volume":"96","author":"Bissonnette","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2012.08.001","article-title":"Patient safety improvements in radiation treatment through 5 years of incident learning","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2014.03.005","article-title":"Factors associated with radiation therapy incidents in a large academic institution","volume":"5","author":"Walker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.31586\/Radiology.0403.01","article-title":"A tool for reporting and evaluation of incidents in external beam radiation therapy","volume":"4","author":"De Paiva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends J Sci Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.08.044","article-title":"Unintended exposure in radiotherapy: identification of prominent causes","volume":"93","author":"Boadu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.03.007","article-title":"An international review of patient safety measures in radiotherapy practice","volume":"92","author":"Shafiq","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0180","first-page":"406","article-title":"Using incident reports to assess communication failures and patient outcomes","volume":"45","author":"Umberfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shappell SA, Wiegmann DA. The human factors analysis and classification system--HFACS. 2000.","DOI":"10.1037\/e420582004-001"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0190","first-page":"e18","article-title":"Multi-institutional stereotactic body radiation therapy incident learning: evaluation of safety barriers using a human factors analysis and classification system","volume":"19","author":"McGurk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Patient Saf"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0195","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Addressing patient safety hazards using critical incident reporting in hospitals","volume":"19","author":"Goekcimen","year":"2023","journal-title":"A System Rev J Patient Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0200","series-title":"Setting Up a Radiotherapy Programme","author":"International Atomic Energy Agency","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0205","series-title":"Introduction of image guided radiotherapy into clinical practice","author":"International Atomic Energy Agency","year":"2019"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15069","article-title":"Report of AAPM Task Group 219 on independent calculation-based dose\/MU verification for IMRT","volume":"48","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.05.012","article-title":"ESTRO ACROP consensus guideline on implementation and practice of stereotactic body radiotherapy for peripherally located early stage non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"124","author":"Guckenberger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000697","article-title":"ACR\u2013ASTRO Practice Parameter for Image-guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT)","volume":"43","author":"Luh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597316","article-title":"Comprehensive QA for radiation oncology: Report of AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 40","volume":"21","author":"Kutcher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1017\/S1460396902000122","article-title":"Preventing treatment errors in radiotherapy by identifying and evaluating near misses and actual incidents","volume":"3","author":"Holmberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Radiother Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4944739","article-title":"Targeting safety improvements through identification of incident origination and detection in a near-miss incident learning system","volume":"43","author":"Novak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13177","article-title":"Computer automation for physics chart check should be adopted in clinic to replace manual chart checking for radiotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Clouser","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0245","first-page":"e263","article-title":"Quality control quantification (QCQ): a tool to measure the value of quality control checks in radiation oncology. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology*","volume":"84","author":"Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14030","article-title":"Strategies for effective physics plan and chart review in radiation therapy: report of AAPM Task Group 275","volume":"47","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13366","article-title":"Medical Physics Practice Guideline (MPPG) 11. a: Plan and chart review in external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy","volume":"22","author":"Xia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"}],"container-title":["Physica Medica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1120179723000959?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1120179723000959?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T03:54:43Z","timestamp":1761105283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1120179723000959"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S1120179723000959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-1797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-1797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Safety in radiation oncology (SAFRON): Learning about incident causes and safety barriers in external beam radiotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physica Medica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102618","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica e Sanitaria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102618"}}