{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:48:33Z","timestamp":1775868513674,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,24]],"date-time":"2009-07-24T05:22:13Z","timestamp":1248412933000},"page":"22-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Topical calcineurin inhibitors for the treatment of vulvar dermatoses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diamant","family":"Tha\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Luger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2004.00269.x","article-title":"Pimecrolimus\u2014an anti-inflammatory drug targeting the skin","volume":"13","author":"Grassberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1159\/000086739","article-title":"Immunomodulation and safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors for the treatment of atopic dermatitis","volume":"211","author":"Hultsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"70","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06269.x","article-title":"The role of topical calcineurin inhibitors in atopic dermatitis","volume":"151","author":"Alomar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.02.011","article-title":"Pimecrolimus leads to an apoptosis-induced depletion of T cells but not Langerhans cells in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"115","author":"Hoetzenecker","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00798.x","article-title":"Inflammatory cell numbers and cytokine expression in atopic dermatitis after topical pimecrolimus treatment","volume":"60","author":"Simon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.135","article-title":"Pimecrolimus enhances TLR2\/6-induced expression of antimicrobial peptides in keratinocytes","volume":"128","author":"B\u00fcchau","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.01.010","article-title":"Adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids","volume":"54","author":"Hengge","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curobgyn.2005.01.002","article-title":"Skin diseases affecting the vulva","volume":"15","author":"Salim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 93. Diagnosis and management of vulvar skin disorders. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:1243\u201353.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31817578ba"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.8","article-title":"Tacrolimus ointment for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus","volume":"48","author":"Assmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.7.850","article-title":"Successful treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus with topical tacrolimus","volume":"139","author":"Kunstfeld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.7.922","article-title":"Successful treatment of anogenital lichen sclerosus with topical tacrolimus","volume":"139","author":"B\u00f6hm","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2003.11.013","article-title":"Pimecrolimus for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus in a premenarchal girl","volume":"17","author":"Goldstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-5945-4-14","article-title":"Pimecrolimus 1% cream for anogenital lichen sclerosus in childhood","volume":"4","author":"Boms","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib15","first-page":"778","article-title":"Pimecrolimus for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: a report of 4 cases","volume":"49","author":"Goldstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib16","first-page":"808","article-title":"Pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of lichen sclerosus","volume":"127","author":"Nissi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07446.x","article-title":"Multicentre, phase II trial on the safety and efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment for the treatment of lichen sclerosus","volume":"155","author":"Hengge","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00977.x","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus in the management of lichen sclerosus","volume":"113","author":"Luesley","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0171","article-title":"Vulvar lichen sclerosus: 11 women treated with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment","volume":"87","author":"Virgili","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.6.715","article-title":"Recalcitrant symptomatic vulvar lichen planus","volume":"140","author":"Byrd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06544.x","article-title":"Topical pimecrolimus in the treatment of genital lichen planus: a prospective case series","volume":"153","author":"Lonsdale-Eccles","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1159\/000106487","article-title":"Pimecrolimus cream 1% for treatment of vulvar lichen simplex chronicus: an open label, preliminary trial","volume":"64","author":"Goldstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2004.01680.x","article-title":"Vulval eczema associated with propolis sensitization from topical therapies treated successfully with pimecrolimus cream","volume":"30","author":"Black","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630600823351","article-title":"Efficacy of topical pimecrolimus in the treatment of chronic vulvar pruritus: a prospective case series\u2014a non-controlled, open-label study","volume":"17","author":"Sarifakioglu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.03185.x","article-title":"Pimecrolimus 1% cream in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus in postmenopausal women","volume":"46","author":"Oskay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07662.x","article-title":"Human papillomavirus reactivation following topical tacrolimus therapy of anogenital lichen sclerosus","volume":"156","author":"Bilenchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-006-0059-7","article-title":"Safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: evaluation of the evidence","volume":"6","author":"Spergel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000102118","article-title":"An update on the safety and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1%: evidence from clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance","volume":"215","author":"Langley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05742.x","article-title":"Contact sensitization in chronic venous insufficiency: modern wound dressings","volume":"38","author":"Gallenkemper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib30","first-page":"649","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis in patients with anogenital complaints","volume":"45","author":"Bauer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.01964.x","article-title":"Propolis, beeswax, and the sensitization potential of topical calcineurin inhibitors","volume":"31","author":"L\u00fcbbe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211509003649?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211509003649?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T05:21:01Z","timestamp":1759555261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211509003649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0301211509003649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Topical calcineurin inhibitors for the treatment of vulvar dermatoses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}