{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:44:35Z","timestamp":1791488675079,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T19:50:35Z","timestamp":1620503435000},"page":"248-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Predictive models of individual risk of elective caesarean section complications: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"262","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4411-4830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annes","family":"Ahmeidat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiktoria Julia","family":"Kotts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"McLernon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mairead","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j2224","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2224","article-title":"Montgomery and informed consent: where are we now?","volume":"357","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)76016-5","article-title":"Maternal mortality and mode of delivery","volume":"354","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k4319","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4319","article-title":"Alarming global rise in caesarean births, figures show","volume":"363","author":"Wise","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31928-7","article-title":"Global epidemiology of use of and disparities in caesarean sections","volume":"392","author":"Boerma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13526","article-title":"WHO statement on caesarean section rates","volume":"123","author":"Betran","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060870","article-title":"Maternal mortality and severe morbidity associated with low-risk planned cesarean delivery versus planned vaginal delivery at term","volume":"176","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31930-5","article-title":"Short-term and long-term effects of caesarean section on the health of women and children","volume":"392","author":"Sandall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001381","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001381","article-title":"Prognosis Research Strategy (PROGRESS) 3: Prognostic Model Research","volume":"10","author":"Steyerberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b375","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b375","article-title":"Prognosis and prognostic research: what, why, and how?","volume":"338","author":"Moons","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7315","article-title":"Validation of models that predict cesarean section after induction of labor","volume":"34","author":"Verhoeven","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191248","article-title":"Predictive modeling of emergency cesarean delivery","volume":"13","author":"Campillo-Artero","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0060","first-page":"15","article-title":"Application of predictive model for vaginal birth after caesarean delivery","volume":"5","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0065","series-title":"Predictive models of individual risks of elective caesarean section complications: a systematic review","author":"Ahmeidat","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001744","article-title":"Critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modelling studies: the CHARMS checklist","volume":"11","author":"Moons","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1377","article-title":"PROBAST: a tool to assess risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies: explanation and elaboration","volume":"170","author":"Moons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0085","first-page":"791","article-title":"Changes in maternal characteristics and obstetric practice and recent increases in primary cesarean delivery","volume":"102","author":"Joseph","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312233292601","article-title":"Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery","volume":"329","author":"Sultan","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02840-3","article-title":"Planned caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: a randomised multicentre trial","volume":"356","author":"Hannah","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148343","article-title":"The increasing trend in caesarean section rates: global, regional and national estimates: 1990\u20132014","volume":"11","author":"Betr\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0105","first-page":"221","article-title":"Prevalence, causes, and complications of cesarean delivery in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Rafiei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32386-9","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal mortality and complications associated with caesarean section in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"393","author":"Sobhy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b604","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b604","article-title":"Prognosis and prognostic research: developing a prognostic model","volume":"338","author":"Royston","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-014-3451-x","article-title":"Calculating probability of requiring allogeneic blood transfusion using three preoperative risk factors on cesarean section for placenta previa","volume":"291","author":"Baba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2017.v107i12.12390","article-title":"Obstetric spinal hypotension: preoperative risk factors and the development of a preliminary risk score \u2013 the PRAM score","volume":"107","author":"Bishop","year":"2017","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1606332","article-title":"Predicting postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) during cesarean delivery using the Leicester PPH Predict Tool: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Dunkerton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk052","article-title":"Relaxing the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and Cox regression","volume":"165","author":"Vittinghoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0140","unstructured":"Kenton W. Overfitting 2019 [cited 2020 Mar 6]. Available at: https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/o\/overfitting.asp [last accessed 6 March 2020]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00025-X","article-title":"Inappropriate use of bivariable analysis to screen risk factors for use in multivariable analysis","volume":"49","author":"Sun","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b605","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b605","article-title":"Prognosis and prognostic research: validating a prognostic model","volume":"28","author":"Altman","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14246","article-title":"UK Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths \u2013 still learning to save mothers\u2019 lives","volume":"73","author":"Lucas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.06.013","article-title":"Prognostic models in obstetrics: available, but far from applicable","volume":"214","author":"Kleinrouweler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b606","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b606","article-title":"Prognosis and prognostic research: application and impact of prognostic models in clinical practice","volume":"338","author":"Moons","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211521002268?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211521002268?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T05:53:32Z","timestamp":1759557212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211521002268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0301211521002268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Predictive models of individual risk of elective caesarean section complications: a systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.05.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}