{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:11:00Z","timestamp":1777867860670,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017728JPK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017728JPK"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003197","name":"Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T11:39:51Z","timestamp":1662550791000},"page":"51-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The changing impact of assisted reproductive techniques on preterm birth during the period 2007\u20132020 in Lombardy, Northern Italy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"278","author":[{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Cipriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Noli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Parazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edgardo","family":"Somigliana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0005","unstructured":"WHO. WHO: recommended definitions, terminology and format for statistical tables related to the perinatal period and use of a new certificate for cause of perinatal deaths. Modifications recommended by FIGO as amended October 14, 1976. 1977."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/03009734.2020.1726534","article-title":"Perinatal outcome in children born after assisted reproductive technologies","volume":"125","author":"Wennerholm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey242","article-title":"ART in Europe, 2014: results generated from European registries by ESHRE: The European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM) for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)","volume":"33","author":"De Geyter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa250","article-title":"20 years of the European IVF-monitoring Consortium registry: what have we learned? A comparison with registries from two other regions","volume":"35","author":"De Geyter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.4.4.227","article-title":"Gestational duration, and fetal and infant mortality for twins vs singletons","volume":"4","author":"Rydhstroem","year":"2001","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2021.20499","article-title":"Single embryo transfer in all infertile couples treated with assisted reproduction produces excellent results and avoids multiple births","volume":"151","author":"De Geyter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.07.022","article-title":"Strategies to reduce multiple pregnancies during medically assisted reproduction","volume":"114","author":"Bergh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"368\u201377","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0040","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies resulting from the transfer of frozen thawed versus fresh embryos generated through in vitro fertilization treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"327","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0045","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Pregnancy, birth, and infant outcomes by maternal fertility status: the Massachusetts Outcomes Study of Assisted Reproductive Technology","volume":"217","author":"Luke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.11057","article-title":"Advanced maternal age: adverse outcomes of pregnancy. A meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Med Port"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw012","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes in oocyte donation pregnancies","volume":"22","author":"Savasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-019-01552-4","article-title":"Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes after oocyte donation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Moreno - Sepulveda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WHO: recommended definitions, terminology and format for statistical tables related to the perinatal period and use of a new certificate for cause of perinatal deaths. Modifications recommended by FIGO as amended October 14, 1976. . Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1977;56:247-53.","DOI":"10.3109\/00016347709162009"},{"issue":"9832","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications","volume":"379","author":"Blencowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13184","article-title":"Risk factors for spontaneous preterm delivery","volume":"150","author":"Cobo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"07","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1248940","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies delivered moderately preterm, late preterm, and term","volume":"27","author":"Refuerzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2012.01.012","article-title":"Impact of multiple births on late and moderate prematurity","volume":"17","author":"Refuerzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.05.087","article-title":"Severity of prematurity risk in spontaneous and in vitro fertilization twins: does conception mode serve as a risk factor?","volume":"92","author":"Weghofer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0095","first-page":"37","article-title":"Comparison of the perinatal outcome of twins conceived after assisted reproductive technologies versus those conceived naturally","volume":"60","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.09.019","article-title":"Preterm birth and low birth weight among in vitro fertilization twins: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"148","author":"McDonald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2011.058","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes of assisted and naturally conceived twins: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00476.x","article-title":"Neonatal outcome in a Danish national cohort of 8602 children born after in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection: the role of twin pregnancy","volume":"83","author":"Pinborg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14116","article-title":"Obstetric outcomes for twins from different conception methods - A multicenter cross-sectional study from China","volume":"100","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.03.032","article-title":"Neonatal and maternal outcomes among twin pregnancies stratified by mode of conception in the United States","volume":"116","author":"Arian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"9862","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61856-X","article-title":"Preventing preterm births: analysis of trends and potential reductions with interventions in 39 countries with very high human development index","volume":"381","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McLernon DJ, Harrild K, Bergh C, Davies MJ, de Neubourg D, Dumoulin JC, et al. Clinical effectiveness of elective single versus double embryo transfer: meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. BMJ. 2010;341:c6945.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c6945"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16154","article-title":"Multiple pregnancy and assisted conception treatment","volume":"127","author":"Chien","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002423","article-title":"Preterm delivery and low birth weight among neonates conceived with intracytoplasmic sperm injection compared with conventional in vitro fertilization","volume":"131","author":"Keyhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14471","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology and severe postpartum haemorrhage: a case-control study","volume":"124","author":"Nyfl\u00f8t","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms018","article-title":"Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies resulting from IVF\/ICSI: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Pandey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1771690","article-title":"IVF\/ICSI treatment and the risk of iatrogenic preterm birth in singleton pregnancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"35","author":"Cavoretto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.18930","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancies conceived after IVF\/ICSI treatment: meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"51","author":"Cavoretto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2010.04.022","article-title":"High serum oestradiol concentrations in IVF cycles increase the risk of pregnancy complications related to abnormal placentation","volume":"21","author":"Farhi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.03.028","article-title":"Peak serum estradiol level during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation is associated with increased risk of small for gestational age and preeclampsia in singleton pregnancies after in vitro fertilization","volume":"97","author":"Imudia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.02.043","article-title":"Adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in subfertile women conceiving without assisted reproductive technologies","volume":"94","author":"Jaques","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des015","article-title":"Comparison of the pregnancy outcomes of subfertile women after infertility treatment and in naturally conceived pregnancies","volume":"27","author":"Raatikainen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2021.07.017","article-title":"Effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on natural and ART-mediated birth rates in Lombardy Region","volume":"43","author":"Somigliana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Northern Italy Reprod Biomed Online"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211522004973?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211522004973?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T11:05:18Z","timestamp":1777547118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211522004973"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0301211522004973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The changing impact of assisted reproductive techniques on preterm birth during the period 2007\u20132020 in Lombardy, Northern Italy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}