{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:41:07Z","timestamp":1791877267986,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T17:37:26Z","timestamp":1750613846000},"page":"114543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A systematic review and meta-analysis of lidocaine spray efficacy in reducing pain in colposcopy-directed cervical biopsies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"312","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8455-4514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhan","family":"Zahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran Mansoor","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saniya","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arfa Maryam","family":"Zafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal Yasin","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sannia","family":"Sehar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huda","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noreen","family":"Haider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahzaib","family":"Khaliq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warda","family":"Rasool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoha","family":"Yasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Hannan","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02586.x","article-title":"Anxieties in women undergoing colposcopy","volume":"97","author":"Marteau","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-018-4953-8","article-title":"Accuracy of colposcopy-directed biopsy in detecting early cervical neoplasia: a retrospective study","volume":"299","author":"Stuebs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13380","article-title":"Effect of lidocaine spray during colposcopy-directed cervical biopsy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Wongluecha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.07.022","article-title":"Local anesthetic versus forced coughing at colposcopic-guided biopsy: a prospective study","volume":"181","author":"Bogani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comba C, Demirayak G, Erdogan SV, Karaca I, Demir O, Guler O, Ozdemir IA. Comparison of pain and proper sample status according to usage of tenaculum and analgesia: a randomized clinical trial. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2020 Jul;63(4):506-513. doi: 10.5468\/ogs.1918Epub 2020 Jun 19. PMID: 32550738; PMCID: PMC7393752.","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.19185"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000342","article-title":"ASCCP Colposcopy Standards: Colposcopy Quality Improvement Recommendations for the United States","volume":"21","author":"Mayeaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouerdane Y, Elmegeed AA, Tarek M, Bakhtaoui I, Awad AK, Al Riyami N, Saad A. Is Forced Coughing Effective in Reducing Pain During Cervical Biopsy?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2023 Nov;23(4):433-439. doi: 10.18295\/squmj.5.2023.026. Epub 2023 Nov 30. PMID: 38090243; PMCID: PMC10712392.","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.5.2023.026"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0040","first-page":"5","article-title":"Analgesia for colposcopy: double-masked, randomized comparison of ibuprofen and benzocaine gel","volume":"97","author":"Church","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-8258(03)00412-8","article-title":"The use of music to reduce anxiety for patients undergoing colposcopy: a randomized trial","volume":"91","author":"Chan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000024","article-title":"Use of a simple visual distraction to reduce pain and anxiety in patients undergoing colposcopy","volume":"18","author":"Carwile","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.290","article-title":"Local anesthetic reduces the pain of colposcopic biopsies: a randomized trial","volume":"188","author":"Oyama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.07.017","article-title":"Forced coughing versus local anesthesia and pain associated with cervical biopsy: a randomized trial","volume":"199","author":"Schmid","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0065","first-page":"661","article-title":"Lidocaine spray and outpatient hysteroscopy: randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"96","author":"Soriano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60040630","article-title":"Efficacy of lidocaine spray for pain reduction during colposcopy-directed cervical biopsies: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Mongkolmafai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000099","article-title":"Comparison of topical lidocaine spray with placebo for pain relief in colposcopic procedures: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study","volume":"19","author":"\u00d6z","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.04.047","article-title":"The efficacy of local anesthetics in pain relief during colposcopic-guided biopsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"237","author":"Mattar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA; PRISMA-P Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015 Jan 1;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1. PMID: 25554246; PMCID: PMC4320440.","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0090","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Sterne JAC. Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial [last updated October 2019]. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.5. Cochrane, 2024."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216669183","article-title":"Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and\/or mid-quartile range","volume":"27","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"19","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0115","unstructured":"Fylan F. Screening for cervical cancer: a review of women's attitudes, knowledge, and behaviour. Br J Gen Pract. 1998 Aug;48(433):1509-14. PMID: 10024713; PMCID: PMC1313202."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13308","article-title":"Lidocaine for pain control during intrauterine device insertion","volume":"43","author":"Karasu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E Silva LOJ, Scherber K, Cabrera D, Motov S, Erwin PJ, West CP, Murad MH, Bellolio MF. Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Lidocaine for Pain Management in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Aug;72(2):135-144.e3. doi: 10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.12.014. Epub 2018 Feb 1. PMID: 29395284.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.12.014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/01.LGT.0000171663.86847.45","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of prilocaine and felypressin (Citanest and Octapressin) for the relief of pain associated with cervical biopsy and treatment with the Semm coagulator","volume":"9","author":"Duncan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2018.1538329","article-title":"Comparison of topical lidocaine spray with forced coughing in pain relief during colposcopic biopsy procedure: a randomised trial","volume":"39","author":"Karaman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2015.1060201","article-title":"Effect of lidocaine spray in pain management during office-based endometrial sampling: a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Aksoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2018","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0140","article-title":"The efficacy of lidocaine spray in pain relief during outpatient-based endometrial sampling: a randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Luangtangvarodom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Res Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0145","unstructured":"Torp KD, Metheny E, Simon LV. Lidocaine Toxicity. 2022 Dec 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan\u2013. PMID: 29494086."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2009.00790.x","article-title":"Comparison of cutaneous anesthetic effect of 8% lidocaine spray with lidocaine patch using current perception threshold test","volume":"11","author":"Kanai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain Med"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030121152500819X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030121152500819X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T14:29:10Z","timestamp":1753453750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S030121152500819X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S030121152500819X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of lidocaine spray efficacy in reducing pain in colposcopy-directed cervical biopsies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114543","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114543"}}