{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T13:30:37Z","timestamp":1770989437899,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:33:45Z","timestamp":1752626025000},"page":"114577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Does the fetal head station and position affect the pelvic floor muscles in labour? A prospective study using 3 dimensional transperineal ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"313","author":[{"given":"Ka Woon","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul H","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasanth","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Allen-Coward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5279-141X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranee","family":"Thakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0005","first-page":"40","article-title":"Mechanical properties of fascia during pregnancy: a possible factor in the development of stress incontinence of urine","volume":"2","author":"Landon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Contemp Rev Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000109207.22354.65","article-title":"Levator ani muscle stretch induced by simulated vaginal birth","volume":"103","author":"Lien","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1389.034","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the female pelvic floor","volume":"1101","author":"Ashton-Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000178779.62181.01","article-title":"Levator trauma after vaginal delivery","volume":"106","author":"Dietz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181985312","article-title":"Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse at midlife, quality of life, and risk factors","volume":"113","author":"Fritel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12676","article-title":"Levator ani muscle avulsion during childbirth: a risk prediction model","volume":"121","author":"van Delft","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1899","article-title":"Biometry of the pubovisceral muscle and levator hiatus by three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound","volume":"25","author":"Dietz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0040","first-page":"915","article-title":"Persistent fetal occiput posterior position: obstetric outcomes","volume":"101","author":"Ponkey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0045","article-title":"Effect of partogram use on outcomes for women in spontaneous labour at term","volume":"7","author":"Lavender","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obstetgynecol.2003.10.011","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 49, December 2003: Dystocia and augmentation of labour","volume":"102","author":"American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16092","article-title":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Assisted Vaginal Birth: Green-top Guideline No. 26","volume":"127","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01302.x","article-title":"The impact of a trial of instrumental delivery in theatre on neonatal outcome","volume":"114","author":"Olagundoye","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"9289","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06341-3","article-title":"Early maternal and neonatal morbidity associated with operative delivery in second stage of labour: a cohort study","volume":"358","author":"Murphy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.09.028","article-title":"Birth simulator: reliability of transvaginal assessment of fetal head station as defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists classification","volume":"192","author":"Dupuis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.11.020","article-title":"Interobserver agreement in intrapartum estimation of fetal head station","volume":"101","author":"Buchmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19072","article-title":"ISUOG practice guidelines: intrapartum ultrasound","volume":"52","author":"Ghi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02775.x","article-title":"A study of progress of labour using intrapartum translabial ultrasound, assessing head station, direction, and angle of descent","volume":"118","author":"Tutschek","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6313","article-title":"Diagnosis of station and rotation of the fetal head in the second stage of labour with intrapartum translabial ultrasound","volume":"33","author":"Ghi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6329","article-title":"A new method to assess fetal head descent in labour with transperineal ultrasound","volume":"33","author":"Barbera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/1742271X18755080","article-title":"Sonographic parameters for diagnosing fetal head engagement during labour","volume":"26","author":"Wiafe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrasound"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.587057","article-title":"Impact of intrapartal ultrasound to assess fetal head position and station on the type of obstetrical interventions at full cervical dilatation","volume":"25","author":"D\u00fcckelmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2809","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05290-7","article-title":"Can transperineal ultrasound improve the diagnosis of obstetric anal sphincter injuries?","volume":"33","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0115","series-title":"Williams Obstetrics","author":"Cunningham","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0120","series-title":"Mechanisms of normal labour in occiput presentation. Williams Obstetrics","first-page":"319","author":"Cunningham","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0125","series-title":"Labour and birth. obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies","first-page":"353","author":"Norwitz","year":"2001"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1065","article-title":"Intrapartum sonography to determine fetal occipital position: interobserver agreement","volume":"24","author":"Akmal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12426","article-title":"Inter-rater reliability of assessment of levator ani muscle strength and attachment to the pubic bone in nulliparous women","volume":"42","author":"van Delft","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-010-1329-4","article-title":"Minimal criteria for the diagnosis of avulsion of the puborectalis muscle by tomographic ultrasound","volume":"22","author":"Dietz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.12.006","article-title":"Correlating signs and symptoms with pubovisceral muscle avulsions on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"208","author":"Lammers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.02.032","article-title":"Study on the influence of the fetus head molding on the biomechanical behavior of the pelvic floor muscles, during vaginal delivery","volume":"48","author":"Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.8818","article-title":"Intrapartum translabial three-dimensional ultrasound visualization of levator trauma","volume":"37","author":"Blasi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23175","article-title":"Evaluation of levator ani muscle throughout the different stages of labour by transperineal 3D ultrasound","volume":"36","author":"Garc\u00eda Mejido","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02321.x","article-title":"How much does the levator hiatus have to stretch during childbirth?","volume":"116","author":"Svabik","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0170","first-page":"937","article-title":"The occipito-posterior position: its mechanism and treatment","volume":"38","author":"Anthony D\u2019Esopo","year":"1941","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.18634","article-title":"Transperineal ultrasound to assess caput succedaneum in labour: a more objective assessment compared to digital vaginal examinations?","volume":"15","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030121152500853X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030121152500853X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:24:09Z","timestamp":1770985449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S030121152500853X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S030121152500853X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Does the fetal head station and position affect the pelvic floor muscles in labour? A prospective study using 3 dimensional transperineal ultrasound","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114577","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114577"}}