{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T19:46:40Z","timestamp":1788983200406,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014544","name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014544","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:47:11Z","timestamp":1755823631000},"page":"114659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evolution of polycystic ovary syndrome and related infertility in women of child-bearing age: A global burden of disease study 2021 analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziliang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3098-4429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-00456-z","article-title":"The importance of metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Visser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.07.025","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"120","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey087","article-title":"Maternal polycystic ovarian syndrome and early offspring development","volume":"33","author":"Bell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0020","article-title":"Is polycystic ovary syndrome undervalued in China?","volume":"25","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0025","article-title":"Changes in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in China over the past decade","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0030","unstructured":"Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 2024;403: 2133-2161."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American College Obstetricians Gynecologists\u2019 Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Gynecology. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 194: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Obstet Gynecol, 2018;131: e157-e171.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002656"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-323527","article-title":"Burden of blindness and vision loss in China over the past 30 years: findings and predictions based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"108","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3733","article-title":"Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis","volume":"28","author":"Clegg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/47349","article-title":"Changing Trends in the Global Burden of Cataract over the past 30 Years: Retrospective Data Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"9","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4627","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6248","article-title":"A Bayesian generalized age-period-cohort power model for cancer projections","volume":"33","author":"J\u00fcrgens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.201500263","article-title":"Projecting the future burden of cancer: Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis with integrated nested Laplace approximations","volume":"59","author":"Riebler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biom J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-25-0102","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: origins and implications: polycystic ovary syndrome: the impact of androgen excess on metabolic health","volume":"170","author":"Cussen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_491_24","article-title":"Comparative study of anti-mullerian hormone and its correlation with androgens and insulin resistance in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Misra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-025-01372-5","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): guidelines from the Italian Society of Human Reproduction (SIRU) and the ItalianCenters for the Study and Conservation of Eggs and Sperm (CECOSItaly)","volume":"23","author":"Palomba","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2023.46.105.39834","article-title":"Hysterosalpingographic, ultrasonographic and clinical profile of infertile women in Butembo, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"46","author":"Kaseso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S514423","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of interventions related to the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Callander","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031336","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: an evolutionary adaptation to lifestyle and the environment","volume":"19","author":"Parker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20565623.2024.2430878","article-title":"Examining symptom and quality of life in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a web-based cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Begum","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Sci OA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-0962-3","article-title":"Exercise, or exercise and diet for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Kite","year":"2019","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1071","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa839","article-title":"Update on PCOS: Consequences, challenges, and Guiding Treatment","volume":"106","author":"Hoeger","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1358755","article-title":"PCOS stratification for precision diagnostics and treatment","volume":"12","author":"Joshi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1084047","article-title":"Top 100 #PCOS influencers: Understanding who, why and how online content for PCOS is influenced","volume":"13","author":"Elhariry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmac023","article-title":"Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 471 women","volume":"28","author":"Kazemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02732-2","article-title":"Challenges in diagnosis and health care in polycystic ovary syndrome in Canada: a patient view to improve health care","volume":"23","author":"Sydora","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7110395","article-title":"The current description and future need for multidisciplinary PCOS clinics","volume":"7","author":"Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7039","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11006-0","article-title":"Burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019","volume":"12","author":"Motlagh Asghari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-03446-9","article-title":"Risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based analysis of sociodemographic factors, healthcare access, health behaviors, and health status","volume":"24","author":"Alenzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2022.63.8.794","article-title":"Age-adjusted prevalence and characteristics of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Korea: a nationwide population-based study (2010-2019)","volume":"63","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2023.12.010","article-title":"Increased prevalence of adverse health outcomes across the lifespan in those affected by polycystic ovary syndrome: a Canadian population cohort","volume":"6","author":"Vine","year":"2024","journal-title":"CJC Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab232","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and quality assessment study","volume":"106","author":"Al Wattar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad463","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01208-y","article-title":"Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome \u2013 beyond diet and physical activity","volume":"23","author":"Cowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14725","article-title":"International evidence-based guideline on assessment and management of PCOS-A Nordic perspective","volume":"103","author":"Forslund","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4565","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2350","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"98","author":"Legro","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead150","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility\u2020","volume":"38","author":"Romualdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211525009352?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211525009352?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T19:43:51Z","timestamp":1762285431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211525009352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0301211525009352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evolution of polycystic ovary syndrome and related infertility in women of child-bearing age: A global burden of disease study 2021 analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114659","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114659"}}