{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T10:52:08Z","timestamp":1775991128075,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017594","name":"Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025KY1690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KY1690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T23:21:19Z","timestamp":1769901679000},"page":"114987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training combined with promestriene in improving pelvic floor dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly women: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"319","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16901-3","article-title":"Pelvic floor dysfunction: prevalence and associated factors","volume":"23","author":"Peinado-Molina","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e42018","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of pelvic floor dysfunctions on quality of life in women 5-10 years after their first vaginal or caesarian delivery","volume":"11","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Timoneda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1663043","article-title":"Risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse in postpartum women: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Southwest China","volume":"12","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3080-y","article-title":"Prevalence and degree of bother of pelvic floor disorder symptoms among women from primary care and specialty clinics in Lebanon: an exploratory study","volume":"28","author":"Ghandour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0025","series-title":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)","article-title":"Psychological therapy for women with pelvic floor dysfunction: Pelvic floor dysfunction: prevention and non-surgical management","author":"National Guideline Alliance (UK)","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6358","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57055-5","article-title":"A large cross sectional study on diaper utilization and beneficial role in outdoor activity and emotions among incontinence elderly people","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0035","article-title":"Global research trends and hotspots of pelvic floor dysfunction from 2000 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis","volume":"316","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Obst Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05324-0","article-title":"International urogynecology consultation chapter 3 committee 2; conservative treatment of patient with pelvic organ prolapse: Pelvic floor muscle training","volume":"33","author":"B\u00f8","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05397-x","article-title":"An International Continence Society (ICS)\/ International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) joint report on the terminology for the assessment and management of obstetric pelvic floor disorders","volume":"34","author":"Doumouchtsis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19192","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55724-4","article-title":"Effect of diaphragm and abdominal muscle training on pelvic floor strength and endurance: results of a prospective randomized trial","volume":"9","author":"Zachovajeviene","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.118638","article-title":"Effect of vaginal or systemic estrogen on dynamics of collagen assembly in the rat vaginal wall","volume":"92","author":"Montoya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0060","series-title":"Ovarian Aging","first-page":"35","article-title":"The systemic effects of ovarian aging","author":"Yang","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2015.1132199","article-title":"The role of local estrogen therapy in the management of pelvic floor disorders","volume":"19","author":"Tzur","year":"2016","journal-title":"Climacteric: J Int Menopause Soc"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4740","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12144740","article-title":"New possibilities for hormonal vaginal treatment in menopausal women","volume":"12","author":"Tomczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Promestriene for vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Australian Prescriber. 2024:47(5);164.","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2024.041"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000571","article-title":"Efficacy of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (Promestriene) on moderate to severe dyspareunia and vaginal dryness, symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy, and of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause","volume":"23","author":"Labrie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001221","article-title":"A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of vaginal estrogen products for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause","volume":"26","author":"Biehl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Menopause (New York NY)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-00610","article-title":"Hormonal treatments and vaginal moisturizers for genitourinary syndrome of menopause : a systematic review","volume":"177","author":"Danan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"69","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0095","first-page":"62","article-title":"Correlation of levator ani muscle strength measurement between Modified Oxford Grading Scale and perineometer on pelvic organ prolapse patient","volume":"50","author":"Moegni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2448234.117","article-title":"The international consultation on incontinence questionnaire short form as a substitute for 1-hour pad weight testing in the evaluation of urinary incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse undergoing surgery","volume":"28","author":"Kuroda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Neurourol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.23736\/S0393-3660.18.03686-0","article-title":"Vaginal health index score and urogenital syndrome of menopause","volume":"177","author":"Di Pace","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gazz Med Ital-Arch Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01721-z","article-title":"Identification of the Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 cutoff scores in urinary incontinent women","volume":"19","author":"Skorupska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.12.025","article-title":"Short forms of two condition-specific quality-of-life questionnaires for women with pelvic floor disorders (PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7)","volume":"193","author":"Barber","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0120","first-page":"75","article-title":"Pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POP-Q) - a new era in pelvic prolapse staging","volume":"4","author":"Persu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0125","first-page":"785","article-title":"Common terminology criteria for adverse events","volume":"784","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"National Cancer Institute: USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0130","unstructured":"Machin D, Campbell MJ, Tan SB, Tan SH. Sample Size Tables for Clinical Studies. 3rd ed."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0135","first-page":"1772","article-title":"Urinary incontinence affects the quality of life and increases psychological distress and low self-esteem","volume":"11","author":"AlQuaiz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1517962","article-title":"Conservative treatments for women with stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.42925","article-title":"Pressure-mediated biofeedback with pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06404-7","article-title":"Effect of vaginal spheres and pelvic floor exercises on female sexual function in women with urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial (secondary analysis)","author":"Blanco-Ratto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-023-05721-z","article-title":"A motion-based device urinary incontinence treatment: a longitudinal analysis at 18 and 24 months","volume":"35","author":"Weinstein","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6424","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11216424","article-title":"Efficacy of biofeedback and electrostimulation-assisted pelvic floor muscle training between women with mild and moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence","volume":"11","author":"Hwang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25165","article-title":"The effect of 12 weeks of estriol cream on stress urinary incontinence post-menopause: a prospective multinational observational study","volume":"42","author":"Te West","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.08.006","article-title":"Vaginal estrogen therapy is associated with increased Lactobacillus in the urine of postmenopausal women with overactive bladder symptoms","volume":"223","author":"Thomas-White","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1302819","article-title":"Change in microbiota profile after vaginal estriol cream in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence","volume":"15","author":"Moore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0180","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of vaginal hyaluronic acid to estrogen for the treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Albalawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59061004","article-title":"Effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training on quality of life in women with urinary incontinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Curillo-Aguirre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2013.813913","article-title":"Effect of depression and anxiety on the success of pelvic floor muscle training for pelvic floor dysfunction","volume":"33","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Obst Gynaecol: J Inst Obst Gynaecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sexmed\/qfaf067","article-title":"Effects of pelvic floor muscle training on sexual function of postmenopausal women. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Garc\u00eda-Laria","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sexual Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0200","first-page":"181","article-title":"Effect of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone (Promestriene) on the female sexual function in postmenopausal women: ERC-230 open-label study","volume":"25","author":"Bouchard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.03.014","article-title":"Comparison of intravaginal 6.5mg (0.50%) promestriene, 0.3mg conjugated estrogens and 10\u03bcg estradiol on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy","volume":"174","author":"Archer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000910","article-title":"Combined data of intravaginal Promestriene against vulvovaginal atrophy of menopause","volume":"24","author":"Labrie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Menopause (New York NY)"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115093","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000}}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211526000539?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211526000539?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T10:01:19Z","timestamp":1775988079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211526000539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0301211526000539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training combined with promestriene in improving pelvic floor dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly women: a retrospective study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.114987","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114987"}}