{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:28:04Z","timestamp":1787923684761,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejog.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T16:09:24Z","timestamp":1779725364000},"page":"115210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Histological study to assess CO2 laser therapy for the treatment of vaginal atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"323","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2605-5742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda C.","family":"Antono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Kopkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mickey","family":"Karram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Sokol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.55.6.446","article-title":"The effect of Replens on vaginal cytology in the treatment of postmenopausal atrophy: cytomorphology versus computerised cytometry","volume":"55","author":"van der Laak","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0010","series-title":"Treatment of the Postmenopausal Woman: Basic and Clinical Aspects","first-page":"263","article-title":"Vulvovaginal complaints","author":"Bachmann","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2009.01335.x","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of vaginal symptoms among postmenopausal women","volume":"6","author":"Santoro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.06.019","article-title":"Self-reported urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women: Womens Health Initiative","volume":"49","author":"Pastore","year":"2004","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000158120.47542.18","article-title":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative investigators. Menopausal symptoms and treatment-related effects of estrogen and progestin in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative","volume":"105","author":"Barnabei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31815a5168","article-title":"Vulvovaginal atrophy is strongly associated with female sexual dysfunction among sexually active postmenopausal women","volume":"15","author":"Levine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S44579","article-title":"Impact of vulvovaginal health on postmenopausal women: a review of surveys on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy","volume":"5","author":"Parish","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2007.0407","article-title":"A retrospective managed care claims data analysis of medication adherence to vaginal estrogen therapy: implications or clinical practice","volume":"17","author":"Shulman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Women\u2019s Health (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001416","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial comparing vaginal laser therapy to vaginal estrogen therapy in women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause: the VeLVET Trial","volume":"27","author":"Paraiso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sokol ER, Karram MM. Use of a novel fractional CO2 laser for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: 1-year outcomes. Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society Vol. 24, No. 7, pp. 810-814.","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000839"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000401","article-title":"Histological study on the effects of microablative fractional CO2 laser on atrophic vaginal tissue. an ex vivo study","volume":"22","author":"Salvatore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0060","unstructured":"Zerbinati N, Serati M, Origoni M, Candiani S, Iannitti T, Salvatore S, Marotta F, Calligaro A. Microscopic and ultrastructural modification of postmenopausal atrophic vaginal mucosa after fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment. Lasers Med Sci. doi 10.1007\/s10103-014-1677-22014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2023.2246886","article-title":"Long-term clinical and histological safety and efficacy of the CO2 laser for treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: an original study","author":"Casiraghi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutra, Paula Fernanda Santos Pallone MD; Heinke, Thais MD, PhD; Pinho, Stella Catunda MD; Focchi, Gustavo Rubino Azevedo PhD; Tso, Fernanda Kesselring MD, PhD; de Almeida, Bruna Cristine PhD; Silva, Ivaldo PhD; Speck, Neila Maria G\u00f3is MD, PhD. Comparison of topical fractional CO2 laser and vaginal estrogen for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause 28(7):p 756-763, July 2021. | doi: 10.1097\/GME.0000000000001797.","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001797"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.05.005","article-title":"Vaginal epithelial histology before and after fractional CO2 laser in postmenopausal women: a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial","volume":"229","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16558","article-title":"Vaginal Er:YAG laser application in the menopausal ewe model: a randomised estrogen and sham controlled trial","volume":"128","author":"Mackova","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2017.1319815","article-title":"Fractional CO2 laser therapy: a new challenge for vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women","volume":"20","author":"Siliquini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001206","article-title":"Microablative fractional CO2 laser for the genitourinary syndrome of menopause: up to 12-month results","volume":"26","author":"Athanasiou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000700","article-title":"An assessment of the safety and efficacy of a fractional CO2 laser system for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy","volume":"23","author":"Sokol","year":"2016","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruanphoo, Purim MD; Bunyavejchevin, Suvit MD, MHS. Treatment for vaginal atrophy using microablative fractional CO2 laser: a randomized double-blinded sham-controlled trial. Menopause 27(8):p 858-863, August 20| doi: 10.1097\/GME.0000000000001542.","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001542"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2020.1829584","article-title":"CO2 laser and the genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a randomized sham-controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Salvatore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quick AM, Dockter T, Le-Rademacher J, Salani R, Hudson C, Hundley A, Terstriep S, Streicher L, Faubion S, Loprinzi CL, Coleman JS, Wang KC, Lustberg M. Pilot study of fractional CO2 laser therapy for genitourinary syndrome of menopause in gynecologic cancer survivors. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:37-44. doi: 10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.10.018. Epub 2020 Dec 2. PMID: 33358206; PMCID: PMC7773136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.10.018"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.14892","article-title":"Effect of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Sham Treatment on Symptom Severity in Women with Postmenopausal Vaginal Symptoms: a Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"326","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17335","article-title":"Laser versus sham for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"130","author":"Page","year":"2023","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.01.188","article-title":"A Double-Blind Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy on Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause","volume":"18","author":"Cruff","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khamis, Yasser MD1; Abdelhakim, Ahmed Mohamed MBBCh2; Labib, Kareem MD3; Islam, Bassem Aly MD3; Nassar, Salma Ashraf MD3; Motaal, Ahmed Osama Abdel MD4; Saleh, Doaa M. MD5; Abdou, Hossam MD6; Abbas, Ahmed M. MD7; Mojahed, Eman M. MD8. Vaginal CO2 laser therapy versus sham for genitourinary syndrome of menopause management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause 28(11):p 1316-1322, November 2021. | DOI: 10.1097\/GME.0000000000001845.","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001845"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunawan, Yuliana W. MD1; Erlina, Yunita MD2. Efficacy and safety of carbon dioxide laser therapy compared with sham for genitourinary syndrome of menopause management: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Menopause 30(9):p 980-987, September 2023. | DOI: 10.1097\/GME.0000000000002220.","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000002220"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.03.036","article-title":"Safety and long-term efficacy of fractional CO2 laser treatment in women suffering from genitourinary syndrome of menopause","volume":"213","author":"Behnia-Willison","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211526002782?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301211526002782?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:44:45Z","timestamp":1787921085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301211526002782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S0301211526002782"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-2115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-2115","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Histological study to assess CO2 laser therapy for the treatment of vaginal atrophy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2026.115210","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115210"}}