{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T09:06:52Z","timestamp":1793869612439,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejoncologynursing.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Oncology Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T11:09:32Z","timestamp":1778584172000},"page":"103204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unseen wounds: The association between past trauma, emotional well-being and pain in cancer patients \u20142024\u20132025. A multi-site cross-sectional study, Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Doaa K.","family":"Al-seleet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0300-0185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulmalik Fareeq","family":"Saber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sideeq Sadir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Naif","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaleel Sakran","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sima Siyamand","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hawta Syamand","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulqadr Abdulrahman","family":"Rasool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amez Abubakr","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhwan Saifadin","family":"Sabah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Star","family":"Tofiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aynda Mawlood","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safin","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karzan","family":"Qurbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirwan Khalid","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardi Abdulqadir","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Hawla","family":"Shekha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Madlool","family":"Zidane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Hafedh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Tayeb","family":"Sedeeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpi","family":"Manookian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashdar Mahmud","family":"Hussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003284","article-title":"Characterization of chronic pain, pain interference, and daily pain experiences in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study","volume":"165","author":"Alberts","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-24-54","article-title":"Is cancer back?\u2014psychological issues faced by survivors of breast cancer","volume":"13","author":"Bergerot","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Palliat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666210609161447","article-title":"Depression and pain: use of antidepressants","volume":"20","author":"Bonilla-Jaime","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-021-00244-1","article-title":"Pain in women: a perspective review on a relevant clinical issue that deserves prioritization","volume":"10","author":"Casale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5214","article-title":"Mindfulness\u2010based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"28","author":"Cillessen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.781484","article-title":"Using trauma informed principles in health communication: improving faith\/science\/clinical collaboration to address addiction","volume":"12","author":"Clements","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5732","article-title":"Cognitive function and emotional vulnerability in metastatic breast cancer: moderating effects of age and social support","volume":"30","author":"Dobretsova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.37.4.378","article-title":"Studies with pain rating scales","volume":"37","author":"Downie","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"4286","key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.847460","article-title":"The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine","volume":"196","author":"Engel","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5836","article-title":"Couplelinks online intervention for young couples facing breast cancer: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Fergus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-023-08140-4","article-title":"Evaluation of implementation strategies for cognitive behavioral therapy (Cbt), acceptance and commitment therapy (act), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (Mbsr): a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr2603_7","article-title":"How many subjects does it take to do a regression analysis?","volume":"26","author":"Green","year":"1991","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib13","first-page":"20007","article-title":"Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ). Available from Bonnie L. green","volume":"3800","author":"Green","year":"1995","journal-title":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000509","article-title":"Use of short-acting opioids in the management of breathlessness: an evidence-based review","volume":"14","author":"Hui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Support. Palliat. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx153","article-title":"Chronic pain after traumatic brain injury: pathophysiology and pain mechanisms","volume":"19","author":"Irvine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E207","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000000687","article-title":"Childhood trauma predicts cancer treatment\u2013related pain in breast cancer survivors","volume":"43","author":"Kanzawa-Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309332","article-title":"Childhood trauma, PTSD\/CPTSD and chronic pain: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Karimov-Zwienenberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32853","article-title":"Longitudinal pain and pain interference in long\u2010term survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study","volume":"126","author":"Karlson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2019.04.004","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress and cancer: findings from a cross-sectional nationally representative sample","volume":"65","author":"Kaster","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-016-0665-6","article-title":"Cumulative radiation exposure and estimated lifetime cancer risk in multiple-injury adult patients undergoing repeated or multiple CTs","volume":"44","author":"Kritsaneepaiboon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Trauma Emerg. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.141","article-title":"Psychological distress related to COVID-19\u2013the contribution of continuous traumatic stress","volume":"277","author":"Lahav","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02390","article-title":"Psychopathology, dissociation and somatic symptoms in adolescents who were exposed to traumatic experiences","volume":"9","author":"Luoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9","article-title":"Coping skills and associated sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors among women with breast cancer in Iraq: a cross-sectional study\u201d","volume":"25","author":"Mohammed Alsdfan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib24","article-title":"Psychological distress and quality of life in patients with laryngeal cancer: a review","volume":"1552","author":"Murariu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23743735251314858","article-title":"The lived experience of suffering by Nigerian female breast cancer survivors: a phenomenological perspective","volume":"12","author":"Nwozichi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of patient experience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1351204","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: an update","volume":"8","author":"Olff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib27","series-title":"Global Patient Safety Action Plan 2021-2030: towards Eliminating Avoidable Harm in Health Care","author":"Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-023-01202-8","article-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions to manage psychological distress in patients living with cancer: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Paley","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Palliat. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2021.11.011","article-title":"International trends in cancer incidence in middle-aged and older adults in 44 countries","volume":"13","author":"Pilleron","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib30","first-page":"47","article-title":"Transcultural validity of trauma measurement instruments in the Middle East: a psychometric analysis","volume":"3","author":"Rahmadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medical Laboratory Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2021.12.021","article-title":"Psychological and non-pharmacologic treatments for pain in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Ruano","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04564-8","article-title":"Trauma and its consequences in Iran: cross-cultural adaption and validation of the global Psychotrauma screen in a representative sample","volume":"23","author":"Salimi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6516.344","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"292","author":"Snaith","year":"1986","journal-title":"British medical journal (Clinical research ed.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11165-016-9602-2","article-title":"The use of Cronbach's alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education","volume":"48","author":"Taber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res. Sci. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03299-8","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder correlates among internally displaced Yazidi population following Islamic state of Iraq and Syria attacks in Iraq","volume":"21","author":"Taha","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib36","series-title":"Trauma-Sensitive Mindfulness: Practices for Safe and Transformative Healing","author":"Treleaven","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib37","series-title":"Psychosocial Factors in Pain: Critical Perspectives","article-title":"Chronic pain: A biobehavioral perspective","author":"Turk","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5595","article-title":"Prevalence of pain and its association with symptoms of post\u2010traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and distress in 846 cancer patients: a cross sectional study","volume":"30","author":"Unseld","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2022.102173","article-title":"The experience of family support among patients newly diagnosed with cancer in Jordan","volume":"60","author":"Zeilani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oncol. Nurs."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Oncology Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1462388926001092?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1462388926001092?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T11:25:06Z","timestamp":1781004306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1462388926001092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1462388926001092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204","relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-3889"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-3889","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unseen wounds: The association between past trauma, emotional well-being and pain in cancer patients \u20142024\u20132025. A multi-site cross-sectional study, Iraq","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Oncology Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejon.2026.103204","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103204"}}